OSL dating of individual quartz ‘supergrains’ from the Ancient Middle Palaeolithic site of Cuesta de la Bajada,Spain

Dose saturation represents a fundamental limitation for obtaining finite optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) quartz ages over Middle Pleistocene timescales. Single-grain OSL studies typically reveal significant intra- and inter-sample variability in quartz dose saturation properties at the individual grain level. This enhanced variability may offer the potential to obtain extended-range chronologies exceeding the traditional upper age limits of multiple-grain OSL dating. However, there have been relatively few detailed assessments of single-grain OSL properties over high dose ranges. In this study we investigate extended-range single-grain OSL dating potential at Cuesta de la Bajada, one of the most important Ancient Middle Palaeolithic sites in the Iberian Peninsula. The quartz samples from this site exhibit exceptional dose saturation properties and contain significant populations of individual ‘supergrains’ with bright OSL signals, very high characteristic saturation dose (D₀) limits of 200 to >600 Gy, and dose-response curves that closely conform to single saturating exponential functions. Assessments of OSL signal composition and the ability to successfully recover a known laboratory dose of 470 Gy support the potential for obtaining high equivalent dose (D_e) values with reasonable fitting uncertainties. A series of novel sensitivity tests are used to assess potential biases in supergrain D_e estimation over high dose ranges related to (i) thermally transferred signal contributions, (ii) choice of dose-response curve fitting function, and (iii) insufficient dose saturation properties of individual grains. The single-grain D_e values obtained using the standard quality assurance criteria and novel sensitivity tests are consistent at 2σ, and are in agreement with quartz Ti-centre ages obtained on two of three paired electron spin resonance (ESR) samples collected from Cuesta de la Bajada. These comparisons support the suitability of our single-grain OSL results and suggest there may be good potential for using quartz supergrains to establish extended-range chronologies at some Middle Pleistocene sites. Comparisons with other single-grain OSL studies across the Iberian central plains suggest that favourable dose saturation properties may be influenced by regional-scale geological controls. The importance of undertaking single-grain OSL dating at Cuesta de la Bajada is also demonstrated by the results of synthetic aliquot experiments, which reveal multiple-grain age offsets of 60–170 ka when unsuitable grain types are inadvertently included in the final age calculations. The single-grain OSL results indicate that the main archaeological horizon at Cuesta de la Bajada (unit CB3) accumulated between 264 ± 22 and 293 ± 24 ka. These ages are consistent with the chronologies of other key early Middle Palaeolithic sites in the region (Ambrona AS6 and Gran Dolina TD10) and indicate that the Ancient Middle Palaeolithic techno-complex likely spread across Iberia from at least Marine Isotope Stage 9 onwards.     

新疆下坂地水库Ⅷ号古滑坡稳定性分析预测

水库内古滑坡历来颇受关注,它能否对水利枢纽工程构成威胁应进行多方面分析而不是仅以简单的力学计算为依据。本文以新疆下坂地水利枢纽工程Ⅷ号古滑坡为例,通过地质鉴别、成因机制分析及运动特征反演、工程类比、刚体极限平衡计算、数值模拟等多种方法对水库蓄水后古滑坡整体稳定性进行预测,分析古滑坡变形破坏方式。这种综合分析方法可供普遍存在的水库滑坡稳定性预测参考。     

海上丝绸之路起点——泉州港岸线变化的遥感动态研究

泉州港作为古代海上丝绸之路的起点,今天又成为21世纪“一带一路”的新起点。本文以泉州港1990-2014年共6期的Landsat TM/OLI遥感影像为数据源,综合应用遥感和GIS技术提取了泉州港的海岸线及海域变化信息,从海岸线的长度、变化速率、分形维数、海域变化面积和海域利用类型5个方面进行海岸线变化及其驱动力分析。研究表明：近24年来,泉州港海岸线长度增加了37.78 km,海岸线的形状总体稳定,但在局部有明显变化。海岸线变化导致的海域变化面积为68.02 km²,其中,建设用地(城市和港口建设)占用的比例最大,围海养殖也是一个重要的利用类型。但泉州港围填海新增面积的利用率不高,超过一半的围填海面积尚未被合理地开发利用。总的来看,新城区建设、临港工业产业兴起和农渔业发展导致了泉州港海岸线的变化。     

兴城古建筑物防雷技术设计探讨

从古建筑物易遭受雷击的结构特点和古建筑物防雷现存缺陷分析入手,探讨了兴城古建筑物防雷类别的确定、古建筑物外部和内部的防雷技术设计方法,提出了接闪器的布设、引下线的布设和接地装置布设等技术参数,对侧击雷和球雷等的防护提出了具体措施,针对兴城古城现状和雷击特性设计出较为完备的解决方案。     

Patterns and Levels of Organochlorines (DDTs, PCBs, non-ortho PCBs and PCDD/Fs) in Male Harbour Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from the Baltic Sea, the Kattegat-Skagerrak Seas and the West Coast of Norway

Patterns and levels of chlorinated aromatic contaminants (DDTs, PCBs, non-ortho PCBs and PCDD/Fs) in blubber tissue were compared among six sample groups of male harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from the Baltic Sea, the Kattegat-Skagerrak Seas and the west coast of Norway. A principal component and classification analysis showed that mature harbour porpoises from the Baltic had significantly different contaminant patterns than animals from the Kattegat-Skagerrak and Norway. ANOVAs showed that mature porpoises from the Baltic had higher levels of ΣPCB and several individual PCBs and PCDD/Fs than the Kattegat-Skagerrak and the Norwegian samples and higher ΣDDT than the Norwegian. A comparison between immature porpoises showed that Baltic animals had higher levels of ΣPCDD/F than the corresponding sample from the Kattegat-Skagerrak. The levels of ΣDDT, ΣPCB and Σnon-ortho PCB were significantly higher in animals collected during 1978–81 compared to animals collected in 1988–90 indicating a temporal decline of these organochlorines in the Kattegat-Skagerrak Seas. The contaminant levels recorded in the Baltic Sea are a serious cause for concern and could have management implications for the already threatened harbour porpoises in this area.     

石质构件风化层内力学性能变化规律研究

石质构件风化层内力学参数随深度变化的规律是石质古建筑稳定性、耐久性和保护方案研究中重要的内容。本文针对古建筑石质构件风化层不便取样,风化岩样加工易破坏和室内试验只能得出试件整体的力学参数,不能反映风化层内力学参数由表及里逐渐变化的不足,综合运用现场声波测试和室内试验对义乌宋代古月桥(建于1213年)风化条石的抗压强度、弹性模量与深度的关系进行了研究。研究表明,风化层内岩石弹性模量、抗压强度与未风化区域的比值随深度呈较好的负指数关系。     

金沙江中游滑坡堵江事件及古滑坡体稳定性分析

金沙江中游某拟定水电站坝址区下游发育一段非基质结构岸坡,岸坡覆盖层厚度巨大,物质组分均由白云质灰岩构成,其结构密实,表部胶结良好,形成呈似角砾状堆积体结构特征。对这套堆积体物质结构特征进行了研究,确定为平推式滑坡的成因模式。该滑坡造成了金沙江中游一次大规模的堵江事件,采样进行14C测年分析,结果显示滑坡发生时代约为19,000a前。对该岸坡段调查分析表明,该古滑坡堆积体结构长期处于稳定状态,现今并无变形复活迹象,其整体不存在失稳条件。     

塔里木盆地哈得逊油田东河砂岩油藏原油特征和倾斜油-水界面成因初探

塔里木盆地哈得逊油田东河砂岩油藏内部存在着由北向南原油密度等物性呈现规律变化的特征.西北部的"重质油"（密度>0.34 g/cm³）与中-南部的"轻质油"（密度<0.34g/cm³）来源于同一套烃源岩,但原油族组成、原油成份等方面的特征存在着较大的差别.东河砂岩油藏的原油可能不是直接来自于烃源岩,而是来源于古油藏,原油物性的差异是晚喜马拉雅运动导致晚海西期形成的古油藏发生调整并在运移过程中造成的成份分异等原因所致.哈得逊鼻隆构造高点至今仍在迁移,东河砂岩油藏正处于充注、调整之中,导致了其油-气-水界面的大幅度倾斜.     

箱涵顶进工艺在玄武湖水底交通隧道方案中的应用

在玄武湖水底交通隧道筑堤开槽埋管方案中,为确保古城墙的安全,可采用箱涵顶进工艺穿越古城墙基础。介绍了箱涵顶进工艺的结构设计及实用前景。     

广西大厂锡多金属矿田100号矿体地质特征及成矿机理探讨

大厂１００号矿体赋存于龙头山生物礁灰岩中,是一世界罕见的特大型特富锡多金属矿体。对该矿体成矿地质背景,矿床地质牲及地球化学特征研究表明,龙头山生物礁具备优越的油气生、储、盖条件,为一古油藏,１００号矿体成 生物有机成矿作用有关。