基础类型对框架结构及场地土地震响应影响试验研究

本文设计独立基础框架和整体箱型基础框架结构模型,基于试验数据的对比分析,探讨基础类型与地震动特性对场地土以及结构自身地震响应的影响。试验结果及分析表明:地表结构的存在总体上是放大了地表加速度响应,放大最大幅度达到了40%,影响范围可达3倍的结构跨度,且具有一定埋深的箱型基础的影响大于浅埋独立基础。由于土体对独立基础的约束相对较弱,导致独立基础结构模型的加速度响应总体上大于箱型基础的;独立基础结构模型可能发生摇摆运动导致结构基础竖向响应的频谱特性含有较多的高频成分。另外,地震动特性对结构响应也较显著,其中脉冲地震动NR波的影响最为显著。     

地震作用下可液化场地管道上浮动力响应及影响因素分析

地震作用下土体发生液化之后,由于超静孔隙水压力的产生和土体抗剪强度的降低,管道易发生上浮破坏。为研究管道上浮动力反应的影响因素,基于OpenSees有限元软件,通过目标反应谱和谱匹配等方法选取地震波,考虑不同管土特性和地震动特性,对地震作用下管道上浮动力反应进行了二维数值模拟。结果表明:土体相对密度、管径和管道埋深对管道上浮反应的影响较大,分别给出了土体相对密度、管径、管道埋深对管道上浮位移的影响规律及对应拟合公式;长持时地震动作用下,超静孔隙水压力消散较慢,管道上浮位移可达短持时地震动作用下管道上浮位移的2倍左右;近断层脉冲地震动作用下,管道上浮破坏和横向破坏两种破坏模式同时存在,且由于速度脉冲效应,管道横向破坏风险大于上浮破坏风险。     

场地韧性的概念及有关问题的讨论

在韧性城市和建筑抗震韧性等级评价中,需要对场地的韧性给出评价。场地韧性是一个新概念,场地韧性的概念和场地韧性等级评价在学术界还是空白。因此,对场地韧性的概念及有关问题开展讨论,对韧性城市和建筑抗震韧性评价具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。本文在分析韧性和场地概念的基础上,讨论了场地的稳定性和抗干扰问题;基于HOLLING建立的适应性循环理论,论述了建立场地韧性概念的理论基础;首次提出了场地韧性概念并解释了其内涵;考虑韧性城市和建筑抗震韧性评价的需求,初步讨论了与场地韧性等级评价有关的问题,提出了建立场地韧性等级评价指标体系的初步设想;建议了场地韧性等级评价的数学方法,为实现场地韧性等级评价提供了途径和方法。本文研究成果对从事韧性城市和建筑抗震韧性研究的科技工作者有一定的参考价值。     

Quartz OSL and TL dating of pottery,burnt clay,and sediment from Beicun archaeological site,China

This study focuses on characterizing the thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) of quartz in burnt clay, pottery, and the sediments unearthed from a Neolithic site, the Beicun site of the Liangzhu culture. It shows that the initial OSL signals (within 0.8 s) of most burnt clay and pottery sherds are not dominated by the fast component. Results of a heating simulation experiment of sediment quartz show that annealing at temperatures exceeding 600–800 °C decreased the proportion of the fast component in the initial signal slightly. In addition, the proportion of the medium component in the later signal (0.8–5 s) increased significantly, resulting in a decrease in the Fast Ratio value. Therefore, high annealing temperature may be an important reason for the slow decay rate of OSL signals of the burnt clay and pottery samples. The D_e(t) plot shows that most of the samples have thermally stable OSL component signals, which have no significant effect on the final OSL ages. The single-aliquot regenerative-dose (SAR) protocol was used to determine the OSL and TL ages for chunk burnt clay and pottery sherds. The high-precision age of the last archaeological heating event, such as sacrifice, burning, or domestic firing, can be obtained by determining the TL and OSL ages of a homogeneous chunk of burnt clay. The OSL results are consistent with the ¹⁴C age of carbon chips extracted from burnt clay. The age of the Beicun site is finally determined to be approximately 5000–5300 BP (BP represents before 2020), belonging to the early period of the Liangzhu culture.     

Investigation of a landslide in the new site of Badong County by integrated geophysical survey

An integrated geophysical survey which combines vertical seismic profile method, shallow reflection seismic method, electric sounding, soil temperature measurement and radioactive gas measurement was used to investigate Zhaoshuling landslide in the new site of Badong County and to assess the stability of the landslide. By rational use of these methods together with borehole geological profile and other geological information, the spatial distribution of the landslide body, the formations and structures within and without the landslide body were determined and the stability of the landslide was also assessed, thus making great contribution to the successful and rational investigation and assessment of the landslide.     

用大地测量资料反演滇西地震预报实验场断裂带的活动段

本文根据滇西地震预报实验场的部分大地测量资料应用反演方法研究了区内活动断裂带的现今活动段。结合地震活动和地震地质资料对地震危险区作了进一步的估计。     

静力作用下夯土遗址根部掏蚀失稳机制实验研究

根部掏蚀是土遗址坍塌的主要因素.关于土遗址掏蚀失稳机理已有众多研究成果,但主要基于数值模拟和理论分析,等比例进行根部掏蚀实验的研究较少.基于夯土遗址掏蚀调查研究,制作1:1夯土墙体模型,通过墙体根部掏蚀实验和数值模拟对其失稳机制进行研究.实验结果表明:掏蚀深度小于20％时,墙体应力变化很小;掏蚀深度大于20％时,墙体出...     

Site amplification in the Lijiang Valley, Yunnan Province

The site amplifications for three stations, Libin (LIBI), Baisha (BASH) and Yulong (YULG) situated respectively in the southern, middle and northern parts of Lijiang Valley, are obtained by analyzing the S-wave soil/bedrock and microtremor horizontal/vertical spectral ratios. The data are digital recordings for the aftershocks of the Lijiang MS=7.0 earthquake on February 3, 1996. In the frequency range of 1～4 Hz, the S-wave soil/bedrock spectral ratio of E-W component for LIBI is the largest and amounts to 4.5. The microtremor soil N-S/vertical (V) spectral ratio is approximate to 1, E-W/V is about 4.5 and the same with above soil/bedrock spectral ratio. It is shown that the vertical and N-S components of microtremor have not been amplified by the soil and the spectral ratios for BASH and YULG are further evaluated. They have similar characteristics with that of LIBI. In above frequency range, both N-S/V ratios are approximate to 1, while the E-W/V ratio is about 6 for BASH, 4.5 for YULG. Lijiang Valley is characterized by the trans-valley directional site response.     

Preliminary Study on Horizontal Deformation and Tectonic Activity in the Northern Part of North China Using GPS Remeasurement Results

In this paper, the baseline variation and displacement vector was analyzed using the calculated results of GPS measurements carried out from 1995 to 1996 in North China. Based on these analytical results, we studied the recent tectonic activity. In general, the regional extension is dominant in the direction of proximately EW, but there is a difference in the SN direction. Extension is significant in the Shanxi fault-depression zone and Bohai region, while compression with strike-slip is characterized along the Yishui-Tancheng segment of the Tanlu fault zone. The baseline shortening zone is distributed along the Baotou-Zhangjiakou-Ninghe areas. It is a boundary zone of regional variation where many differences of crustal horizontal deformation are discovered between the southern part and the northern part of this zone. The baseline shortening zone in NE direction is distributed along the Jianchang-Tangshan-Gucheng area. It is consistent with the Tangshan-Xingtai seismic zone which indicates that tectoni     

MODAL ANALYSIS OF SOFT-SOIL SITES INCLUDING RADIATION DAMPING

For the one-dimensional analysis of soft-soil layers on an elastic half-space, a general form of analytical solution is developed for converting radiation damping due to energy leaking back to the half-space into equivalent modal damping, allowing the modal analysis technique to be extended to a site where radiation damping has to be accounted for. Closed-form solutions for equivalent modal damping ratios and effective modal participation factors are developed for a single layer with a shear wave velocity distribution varying from constant to linearly increasing with depth. Compact and recursive forms of solutions for equivalent modal damping ratios are developed for a system with an arbitrary number of homogeneous layers on an elastic half-space. Comparisons with numerical solutions show that the modal solutions are accurate. The nominal frequency of a site, i.e. the inverse of four times the total shear wave travel time through the layers, is an important parameter for estimating the high mode frequencies. A parameter study shows that for the same impedance ratio of the bottom layer to the elastic half-space, a system of soil layers with an increasing soil rigidity with depth has, in general, larger peak modal amplifications at the ground surface than does a single homogeneous layer on an elastic half-space, while a system with a decreasing soil rigidity with depth has smaller modal peak amplifications. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.