广西岑溪糯垌稀土矿床地质特征及成矿规律

文章阐述了岑溪糯垌稀土矿床地质特征及其矿石特征、矿石有用组分含量及变化规律、矿石化学成分、矿石浸取率及稀土元素配分类型等,认为岑溪糯垌稀土矿床属黑云钾长(二长)花岗岩风化壳离子吸附型稀土矿床,稀土元素配分类型为低铕富镧钕轻稀土型,矿层主要赋存于花岗岩全风化层中。     

GGR Biennial Critical Review: Analytical Developments Since 2012

Advances in the chemical, crystallographic and isotopic characterisation of geological and environmental materials can often be ascribed to technological improvements in analytical hardware or to innovative approaches to data acquisition and/or its interpretation. This biennial review addresses key laboratory methods that form much of the foundation for analytical geochemistry; again, this contribution is presented as a compendium of laboratory techniques. We highlight advances that have appeared since January 2012 and that are of particular significance for the chemical and isotopic characterisation of geomaterials. Prominent scientists from the selected analytical fields present publications they judge to be particular noteworthy, providing background information about the method and assessing where further opportunities might be anticipated. In addition to the well‐established technologies such as thermal ionisation mass spectrometry and plasma emission spectroscopy, this publication also presents new or rapidly growing methods such as electron backscattered diffraction analysis and atom probe tomography – a very sensitive method providing atomic scale information.     

海陆地形模型的统一表达探讨

海岸带地形数据来源的多样性,造成了数据模型、格式不同,数据基准也存在差异.消除这些不一致性,建立海陆地形模型的统一表达模型,是海岸带管理、舰船登陆决策的基础.本文在国内外研究的基础上,分析了海陆数据集成中的主要问题,讨论了海陆地形统一表达的关键技术,为实现无缝的海陆地形模型奠定了技术基础.     

Geotechnical properties of sediments from Walvis ridge,deep sea drilling project,leg 75, hole 532a∗

During Leg 75 of the Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) from the D/V Glomar Challenger, a 200‐m deep hole was drilled at Hole 532A on the eastern side of Walvis Ridge at a water depth of 1331 m. Sediment cores were obtained by means of a hydraulic piston corer. All of the cores from this boring were designated for geotechnical studies and were distributed among eight institutions. The results of laboratory studies on these sediment cores were compiled and analyzed. Sediment properties, including physical characteristics, strength, consolidation, and permeability were studied to evaluate changes as a function of depth of burial. It was concluded that the sediment profile to the explored depth of 200 m at Walvis Ridge consists of approximately 50 m of foram‐nannofossil marl (Subunit la) over 64 m of diatom‐nannofossil marl (Subunit 1b) over nannofossil marl (Subunit lc) to the depth explored. All three sediment units appear to be normally consolidated, although some anomalies seem to exist to a depth of 120 m. No distinct differences were found among the sediment properties of the three subunits (la, 1b, and lc) identified at this site.     

High-altitude charged aerosols in the atmosphere of Titan

Observations by several instruments onboard the Cassini spacecraft revealed the existence of heavy hydrocarbon and nitrile species with masses of several thousand atomic mass units in the ionosphere of Titan. These very large molecules are in fact aerosols. The goal of this paper is to compute the concentrations of the charged aerosols in the upper atmosphere (950-1200 km) of Titan. The charging of these aerosols has been studied using the charge balance equations, where positive ions, negative ions, electrons, neutral and charged aerosols are included. Number concentrations of charged aerosols are compared with those observed by the Cassini instruments. The present work estimates the aerosol mass density as 1-10 kg/m³, which is within the predicted range. The results show that the aerosols must be smaller than 10 nm in order to have reasonable agreement with observations by the Cassini Plasma Spectrometer.     

西安市典型功能区空气小离子浓度分布特征与评价

利用DLY-2G型空气离子测量仪对西安市休闲度假区、文教区、交通区和工厂区等4个典型功能区夏季与秋季空气小离子的数密度进行了实测,研究了西安市不同功能区空气小负离子与小正离子的时空变化规律,并对不同功能区的空气质量进行评价。结果表明,西安市典型功能区空气小离子的数密度日变化显著且各有特点,主要呈单峰或双峰形式;不同功能区夏季空气小离子的数密度普遍比秋季高;各功能区空气小离子的数密度分布差异很大,休闲度假区小负离子的数密度在夏秋两季均明显高于其他功能区;与空气离子单极系数评价指标相比,空气离子评价指数能更准确地反映区域空气清洁度。     

利用谱睿(Pre)技术超大体积进样抑制型电导离子色谱法检测超纯水中ng/L级阴离子

利用谱睿(Pre)自动样品前处理技术,10 mL超大体积进样,对超纯水样品进行在线预浓缩,检测了电厂水中ng/L级的超痕量阴离子。选择的离子色谱条件为:高容量氢氧化物选择性IonPac AS18阴离子交换色谱柱,淋洗液发生装置在线产生氢氧化钾进行梯度淋洗,抑制型电导检测。该方法选用的自动在线水纯化装置CIRA可以将电导池流出的"废液"进行在线纯化,纯化后的高纯去离子水作为载体将十通阀上大定量环中的样品冲入到六通阀上的超低压浓缩柱上,最后运用阀切换技术实现进样。在提供稳定的系统空白的同时,该方法还具备自动化程度高、操作简单、重现性好、灵敏度高、系统稳定、节约时间、成本低廉等多方面特点。方法参数为:对于电厂水样品,常见阴离子的检出限(s/N=3)均低于2 ng/L,线性相关系数均大于0.999,方法精密度(RSD,n=10)为1.151%~3.347%。经中、日、韩、泰、美等多个实验室共同验证,该方法可靠实用,可以应用于火电厂和核电厂超纯水中阴离子的检测。     

用于MC-ICP-MS测定环境样品中铜、锌同位素的化学分离方法

对不同离子交换柱、淋洗体积、盐度、分离次数等一系列影响铜、锌纯化分离效果的条件进行了探讨,确定了环境样品(湖泊沉积物、植物和颗粒物)中铜、锌同位素测定时化学分离的最佳条件。采用AGMP-1(100～200目)阴离子交换树脂,以7mol/LHCl+0.001%H2O2、2mol/LHCl+0.001%H2O2、0.5mol/LHNO3作为淋洗液,分别在适当的体积接收淋洗液,可以有效地分离沉积物、植物和悬浮物等样品中的铜和锌。化学分离过程中Cu和Zn的回收率接近100%,同位素分馏在测试误差范围以内。将此方法应用于对红枫湖和阿哈湖水体悬浮物、植物和鱼类等样品中Cu、Zn的分离,经MC-ICP-MS测试后,准确获得了这些样品的Cu、Zn同位素组成。     

山西代县碾子沟金红石矿床蚀变温度

测试山西代县碾子沟金红石矿床细晶直闪石中原生气体包裹体和气液包裹体均一温度分别为790～825℃、756～780℃,分别代表了细晶直闪石化早期、中后期的温度。镁电气石中原生气体包裹体均一温度高于800℃,据气液比分析,相当于细晶直闪石化早期的温度,其形成的时空分离性主要由蚀变介质物质成分差异所致。类比分析了其它蚀变阶段的温度。总体上看,矿床蚀变属高温蚀变。蚀变温度明显高于围岩变质温度和高温热液矿床的温度,略低于矽卡岩化温度。高温使钛、铁离子的动能和活性大幅度提高,蚀变介质的存在使离子具备了良好的迁移条件,从而使钛铁离子完全分离、钛进一步富集并形成了金红石矿床。     

雷雨天气对负氧离子浓度的影响

空气负氧离子含量已经成为康养、生态旅游区域评价的主要指标之一,沿海区域的空气负氧离子含量较高,受雷雨等天气因子的影响显著.本文利用日照大沙洼国家森林公园空气负氧离子逐日监测数据、闪电定位仪监测数据和自动气象站雨量、雨强监测资料,分析检验雷雨天气相关气象因子与空气负氧离子浓度变化率的关系.结果 表明:①雷雨天气与负氧离子...