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排序方式: 共有481条查询结果,搜索用时 250 毫秒
41.
从地方病和环境污染性疾病看微量元素与钙的关系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从地方病和环境污染性疾病看微量元素与钙的关系李广生井玲(白求恩医科大学,长春130021)关键词微量元素钙地方病环境污染性疾病我国几种主要地方病都与一定的微量元素有关,这已为大家所熟知。而值得重视的是,除了微量元素之外,它们又都在某些环节上与宏量元素... 相似文献
42.
In the last few decades there has been a surge in research focusing on coral disease. While climate change, specifically rising sea surface temperature, has been proposed as a major and growing driver of the emergence of marine diseases, to date a solid connection between disease epizootics and elevated sea surface temperature has not been established. However, a wealth of data now exists, compiled from many different perspectives, that may support such a connection. In this work we provide a comprehensive review targeting one coral disease, black band disease, that spans the infection process, pathobiology, and epizootiology, and links specific mechanisms of the disease process to increasing temperatures. This temperature‐driven pattern of infection can be expanded to include similar processes associated with other temperature‐related coral diseases. The conclusions presented here are based upon the results of many studies using a diverse suite of approaches that have been synthesized to argue that the emergence and continuing spread of black band disease is linked to warming sea surface temperatures. In summary, as global ocean temperatures increase seasonally and over decades, the environment shifts to become more favorable for the growth of potentially pathogenic microorganisms endemic to the immediate environment of the reef. The increase in the relative number of potential pathogens in the microbial community produces microenvironments conducive to the growth of other potential pathogens, leading to infection by a polymicrobial consortium. This consortium is easily perturbed by a (seasonal) temperature decrease, but remains associated with the coral host and can be reactivated with a subsequent seasonal increase in temperature, resulting in a cycle of temperature‐dependent disease emergence. 相似文献
43.
新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情引起了人们对国家公共卫生事件应对能力的广泛关注。基于波及效应梯度场提出了生产诱发梯度,进一步完善了经济空间场理论,并将其与探索性空间数据分析(exploratory spatial data analysis,ESDA)相结合,对医药制造业波及效应及空间布局进行了研究,制定了有效的公共卫生事件应急策略。经济空间场理论分析结果揭示了产业经济空间中医药制造业与各产业部门之间的波及效应,并由此得到了医药密切相关产业。同时,经济空间场理论与ESDA方法的结合能在区分中国大陆各省空间聚集类型的基础上,评估各省公共卫生事件的应对能力,从而为各省提出相应的应急策略和医药制造业发展建议。该方法综合考虑了产业波及效应和产业空间布局现状,不仅能够促进各省医药制造业的健康合理发展,也有助于增强各省突发公共卫生事件的应对能力。 相似文献
44.
大骨节病是一种地方性、变形性骨关节病。国内外学者历经160年的研究,病因假说上百种,但至今仍无定论。若尔盖县是中国大骨节病发病率较高的病区之一,通过在病区开展野外调查、岩土水样测试等工作,本文总结了该区大骨节病分布特征和自然与地质环境特征,探讨了大骨节病分布与地层岩性、土壤、地形地貌、饮水水源等地质环境的关系。研究表明:基岩岩性及其土壤母质成分是影响病情分布的基本因素;病区土壤中Se、Mo、Ba等元素含量较非病区低,N、P、Pb、S元素含量高于非病区;饮用地表水中的矿化度、硬度、腐殖酸含量病区与非病区差异不显著,病区硒含量低于轻、非病区;大骨节病的致病影响因素复杂,除与岩、土、水地球化学环境因素有关外,亦与饮食结构等因素有关;大骨节病与地质环境关系密切,其病因需进一步探索。 相似文献
45.
广州市番禺区目前尚在发挥效益的水库有15座,其中12座水库存在病害隐患,急需除险加固。基于工程地质勘察与评估工作,查明了辖区病险库的地质特点:坝身质量较差、坝基存在渗漏及渗透破坏问题、软基沉降变形和饱和砂土地震液化问题等,探讨了整险加固的工程措施,如加高加固大坝、防渗处理、抗地震液化加固等。结果为辖区病险水库整治提供技术支持,对国内类似水利工程整险加固有较好的参考价值。 相似文献
46.
Alexander Hohl Ross K. Meentemeyer 《International journal of geographical information science》2014,28(8):1626-1641
Understanding the diverse ways that landscape connectivity influences the distribution of microbial species is central to managing the spread and persistence of numerous biological invasions. Here, we use geospatial analytics to examine the degree to which the hydrologic connectivity of landscapes influences the transport of passively dispersed microbes, using the invasive plant pathogen Phytophthora ramorum as a case study. Pathogen occurrence was analyzed at 280 stream baiting stations across a range of watersheds – exposed to variable inoculum pressure – in California over a 7-year period (2004–2010). Using logistic regression, we modeled the probability of pathogen occurrence at a baiting station based on nine environmental variables. We developed a novel geospatial approach to quantify the hydrologic connectivity of host vegetation and inoculum pressure derived from least cost distance analyses in each watershed. We also examined the influence of local environmental conditions within the immediate neighborhood of a baiting station. Over the course of the sampling period, the pathogen was detected at 67 baiting stations associated with coastal watersheds with mild climate conditions, steep slopes, and higher levels of inoculum pressure. At the watershed scale, hydrologic landscape connectivity was a key predictor of pathogen occurrence in streams after accounting for variation in climate and exposure to inoculum. This study illustrates a geospatial approach to modeling the degree to which hydrologic systems play a role in shaping landscape structures conducive for the transport of passively dispersed microbes in heterogeneous watersheds. 相似文献
47.
词频反文档频率是文档特征权值表示的常用方法,用以评估单词对于语料库中的其中一份文件的重要程度。通过合理映射病例库与语料库的词汇关系,对词频反文档频率模型进行改进,并将改进后的词频反文档频率模型应用到针灸处方疾病症状权重挖掘中,计算出疾病所对应的各种症状权重。实验统计了106种疾病,其中与临床诊疗经验相符合的有84种,准确率达79.2%,实验表明改进的模型能得到较好的疾病症状权重鉴别效果。 相似文献
48.
Water management practices and access to safe water supplies have major implications for human health. While a range of assessments has been developed to assess water vulnerability, limited work has extended these concepts to health and wellbeing. Water-associated disease cycles are characterized by complex linkages between social and ecological determinants, thus conceptualizing vulnerability in the context of health offers a useful framework for analysis. This paper applies a water associated disease index (WADI) as a tool to deepen understanding of changing vulnerability to dengue, comparing conditions in 2000 and 2010 in Pernambuco, Northeast Brazil. Multi-dimensional data were integrated into indicators of exposure and susceptibility using the WADI approach, including water access, land cover, climate, and solid waste collection, and outputs were validated and visualized in map form. The findings illustrate heterogeneous patterns of vulnerability to dengue in the region, and highlight trends of seasonal and long-term changes. Highest vulnerability was observed in densely populated Recife and the surrounding coastal region in both time periods, with climate conditions creating seasonal trends in exposure to dengue. While more remote areas in the semi-arid Sertão showed low vulnerability overall, increases were observed in some areas between 2000 and 2010 due to land use intensification and growing population densities. These findings suggest that interventions should consider the dynamic nature of social and ecological factors that contribute to health outcomes and address current as well as future populations vulnerable to dengue transmission. This vulnerability mapping approach can be applied to other water-associated diseases impacted by global environmental change to highlight priority areas for further investigation and contribute towards improving interventions. 相似文献
49.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one cause of death in the state of Texas. In order to develop effective healthcare policies to combat CVD, it is essential to understand what types of communities are most affected. In this paper, we develop a classification scheme to segment high-prevalence communities based on selected social and demographic characteristics. We find that while many high-prevalence areas reflect traditional relationships between socioeconomic deprivation and poor health outcomes, a subset of more affluent communities in Texas are also affected. This suggests the importance of tailored approaches to prevention that account for this diversity among high-prevalence neighborhoods. 相似文献
50.
Zamana Leonid Vasilevich 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1995,5(2):185-192
POSSIBLEHYDROGEOCHEMICALPRECONDITIONSFORKASHIN-BECKDISEASEINTRANSBAIKALIA¥ZamanaLeonidVasilevich(ChitaInstituteofNaturalResou... 相似文献