内表面补强对缺陷病害隧道结构承载力影响的模型试验研究

以重庆市在建的笔架山隧道为现场原型,采用几何比为1: 25的大比例室内模型试验,选取Ⅲ级类围岩拱顶空洞60?的缺陷隧道为研究对象,重点研究在相同围岩级别、缺陷形式及加载方式下结构产生病害后,采用不同的内表面补强材料刚度并考虑补强范围对结构最终承载力的影响,得出了相应补强形式条件下结构最终破坏时的形式、内力分布等状况,并通过对比不同补强方式时的结构破坏及受力状况得出合理的结论,以期对隧道的维护管理提供重要的参考依据。     

基于遥感信息的干旱区林果病虫害时空变化特征

通过分析干旱区林果业的生长与发展主要分布特征,对南疆特色林果病虫害的分布与程度进行了研究。根据实际的工作流程,结合遥感图像处理技术,提出了遥感监测林果病虫害的方法,利用植被指数形式模型和TM数据不同波段组合模式,建立病虫害遥感监测模型,提取叶城县林果病虫害信息,结合林果种植信息数据库和实测数据,分析结果表明:干旱区林果病虫害发生和分布的特征主要是耕地周边地区,荒漠地带发生病虫害的范围大,水渠及湿地附近的病虫害发生几率高,通过实地考察和历史数据验证,利用遥感提取林果病虫害的方法是可行的,能够及时了解干旱区林果病虫害发生情况,对病虫害的治理及其林果业的长期发展提供依据。     

我国手足口病时空分布特征的GIS分析

手足口病是一种常见传染病。近几年在我国多次暴发且发病人数显著增加,引起了我国政府和社会各界的广泛关注。目前,对手足口病的研究主要集中在医学领域,而在宏观尺度上的时空分布特征研究及其重点地区分布研究等方面均较少。本文探索应用地理信息系统(GIS)的工具和方法,对2008-2009年中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集的手足口病监测数据进行统计计算、空间可视化和空间分析,得到我国手足口病疫情的时空分布与动态变化特征。研究表明:(1)尽管全国均有手足口病的报告病例,但各省之间发病情况差异较大,且区域内的发病情况也存在较显著差异,一般在人口密度和人口流动性均较大的城市疫情较严重;(2)手足口病在我国的流行高峰期为4-7月,比国外相关研究中的描述提前了一个月;(3)5-6月,我国手足口病的高发区分布明显由南向北移动。(4)2008-2009年,我国手足口病患者98%以上为托幼儿童、散居儿童和学生。鉴此分析,本文提出了具有时间、空间和人群针对性的防控手足口病暴发流行的科学建议。     

Distribution and expression in vitro and in vivo of DNA vaccine against lymphocystis disease virus in Japanese flounder(Paralichthys olivaceus)

Lymphocystis disease,caused by the lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV),is a significant worldwide problem in fish industry causing substantial economic losses.In this study,we aimed to develop the DNA vaccine against LCDV,using DNA vaccination technology.We evaluated plasmid pEGFP-N2-LCDV1.3 kb as a DNA vaccine candidate.The plasmid DNA was transiently expressed after liposome transfection into the eukaryotic COS 7 cell line.The distribution and expression of the DNA vaccine (pEGFP-N2-LCDV1.3kb) were also ana...     

无人机影像辅助下的路桥病害智能检测

路桥表面病害状况评估是路桥养护的一项重要内容。目前病害检测主要基于移动测量车和目视判断,具有工作量大、获取危险度高的缺点,而低空飞行的六旋翼无人机能够拍摄到人工无法获取到的多角度路桥照片,在路桥检测方面具有巨大的优势。本文基于无人机影像开展路桥病害检测相关研究,提出了一种新的路桥病害检测方法。首先通过多部件形变模型模拟病害目标,并在无人机影像中全局搜索,检测出潜在路桥病害区域。试验表明,本文算法在复杂背景下能够有效检测病害,目标检测精度达80%,具有很高的效率和鲁棒性。     

3S技术在松材线虫病监测预警中的应用研究现状

松材线虫病是一种林业上最具危险性、毁灭性的病害,通过分析3S技术及其特、松材线虫病的起源及其危害情况,综述3S技术在松材线虫病监测预警中的应用研究现状,提出利用中低分辨率遥感卫星数据在时间序列上的累计环境变化响应,结合GIS技术、人工智能等技术来监测松材线虫病是一种新方法,讨论了3S技术应用于松材线虫病监测存在的问题及研究方向。     

鲢、鳙溶血性腹水病研究

报道了鲢、鳙鱼溶血性腹水病的病原和防治方法。研究结果表明，该病无病毒性病原存在，病原为嗜水气单胞菌嗜水亚种（Aeromonashydrophilasubsp.hydrophila）。采用作者研制的鱼康乐（Y·K·L）进行治疗。治愈率达86．5‰。     

RELATION BETWEEN WATER TEMPERATURE, WATER EXCHANGE AMOUNT, FEED AND PRAWN DISEASE

ImooUrnONTheedycarsePiddricofprawndiscaseintheprawnculturecoastalarmsofChi-naandsoutheastAsiaresultedinnoproduCtinnoutputfromrnostprawnpondsandheaVyerenoAnclosscyumbull,l994).Upt0now,devemeasimtopreventandtreatthediseasehavenotbopresental,althoughwaterenvironmentdeteriorationisconunn-lyknowntobethekcyfactorcausingthisdhase(Jiang,l994).ThispreliIninrystudyonthereati0nsbetweenprawndiseaseandfactorsthatseriouslyaffodwatetenvirDimtalquality(WaterteInPeratllre,waterexchangeamount,andarnountSa…     

GEOGRAPHICAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ENDEMIC FLUOROSIS IN CHINA

Endemic fluorosis is given rise to by human intake of excess fluorine from environment by way of food chain. In China it is one of the extensively prevalent endemic diseases and its distribution shows clearly regional characteristics. In macroscopic sight, three large fluorosis zones may be divided: (1) The arid and semi-arid plains in the north of China. These regions have a dry climate, making fluorine accumulation in the Quaternary deposits. Thus, the drinking water with high content of fluorine is the main cause of the disease formation. (2) The Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. In the region, rocks and soils rich in fluorine bring about fluorine excess in crop food. This plays an important role in the disease formation. (3) Southeast hills. The hot spring with high content of fluorine leads to fluorosis.The fluorine absorbed by people from the environment is firstly from the drinking water and secondly from the crop food originating from soil. The fluorine in the air can be accumulated in crop leaves to make     

BOOK REVIEWS

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