辽宁地区波速比分布特征及构造意义

利用辽宁数字台网2001年以来的观测报告,采用单台和达法计算辽宁测震台网34个台站的平均波速比,重点分析辽宁地区波速比的空间分布特征.结果显示,辽宁地区的波速比空间分布呈横向不均匀性,下辽河盆地的波速比平均值低于整个辽宁地区波速比的均值,而辽西隆起和辽东隆起区的波速比却明显高于下辽河盆地的波速比和辽宁地区的均值.研究也...     

塔西南坳陷甫沙构造带正反转构造及其石油地质意义

塔西南坳陷甫沙构造带褶皱冲断强烈,古近系膏泥岩下层构造变形复杂,具有正反转构造变形特征。侏罗纪—白垩纪区域伸展环境发育大量正断层,后期在喜马拉雅运动中受挤压反转。南部发育高角度基底卷入正反转断层,中部发育叠瓦式逆冲断层,北部边缘变形微弱。相应地将甫沙构造带划分为反转断隆背斜带、楔状叠瓦构造带和逆冲前缘构造带;反转程度南强北弱、西强东弱。对区域构造变形环境的分析表明,西昆仑山隆升引发水平挤压叠加垂直向上的剪切作用,使先存高角度正断层容易被迁就利用进而发生正反转。对正反转相关构造圈闭评价认为:反转断隆背斜带发育的圈闭规模大,幅度低,埋藏浅,落实程度高,但上覆膏泥岩层薄,被断层破坏强烈,油气散失严重;楔状叠瓦构造带发育的圈闭规模小,幅度大,埋藏深,落实程度低,上覆膏泥岩层厚,有利于油气保存;逆冲前缘构造带发育低幅度隆起和地层岩性圈闭。     

Extensional deformation structures within a convergent orogen: The Val di Lima low-angle normal fault system (Northern Apennines,Italy)

A low-angle extensional fault system affecting the non metamorphic rocks of the carbonate dominated Tuscan succession is exposed in the Lima valley (Northern Apennines, Italy). This fault system affects the right-side-up limb of a kilometric-scale recumbent isoclinal anticline and is, in turn, affected by superimposed folding and late-tectonic high-angle extensional faulting.The architecture of the low-angle fault system has been investigated through detailed structural mapping and damage zone characterization. Pressure-depth conditions and paleofluid evolution of the fault system have been studied through microstructural, mineralogical, petrographic, fluid inclusion and stable isotope analyses. Our results show that the low-angle fault system was active during exhumation of the Tuscan succession at about 180°C and 5 km depth, with the involvement of low-salinity fluids. Within this temperature - depth framework, the fault zone architecture shows important differences related to the different lithologies involved in the fault system and to the role played by the fluids during deformation. In places, footwall overpressuring influenced active deformation mechanisms and favored shear strain localization.Our observations indicate that extensional structures affected the central sector of the Northern Apennines thrust wedge during the orogenic contractional history, modifying the fluid circulation through the upper crust and influencing its mechanical behavior.     

Hydrologic characteristics of lake‐ and stream‐side riparian wetted margins in the McMurdo Dry Valleys,Antarctica

Water is a limiting factor for life in the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV), Antarctica. The active layer (seasonally thawed soil overlying permafrost) accommodates dynamic hydrological and biological processes for 10–16 weeks per year. Wetted margins (visually wetted areas with high moisture content) adjacent to lakes and streams are potential locations of great importance in the MDV because of the regular presence of liquid water, compared with the rest of the landscape where liquid water is rare. At 11 plots (four adjacent to lakes, seven adjacent to streams), soil particle size distribution, soil electrical conductivity, soil water content and isotopic signature, width of the wetted margin, and active layer thaw depth were characterised to determine how these gradients influence physicochemical properties that determine microbial habitat and biogeochemical cycling. Sediments were generally coarse‐grained in wetted margins adjacent to both lakes and streams. Wetted margins ranged from 1·04 to 11·01 m in average length and were found to be longer at lakeside sites than streamside. Average thaw depths ranged from 0·12 to 0·85 m, and were found to be deepest under lake margins. Lake margins also had much higher soil electrical conductivity, steeper topographic gradients, but more gradual soil moisture gradients than stream margins. Patterns of soil water δ¹⁸O and δD distribution indicate capillary action and evaporation from wetted margins; margin pore waters generally demonstrated isotopic enrichment with distance from the shore, indicating evaporation of soil water. Lake margin pore waters were significantly more negative in D_XS (D_XS = δD‐8δ¹⁸O) than streamside pore waters, indicating a longer history of evaporation there. Differences between lake and stream margins can be explained by the more consistent availability of water to lake margins than stream margins. Differences in margin characteristics between lakes and streams have important consequences for the microbial habitat of these margins and their functional role in biogeochemical cycling at these terrestrial–aquatic interfaces. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

苏鲁豫皖地区地磁异常场时空近期动态演化特征

以苏鲁豫皖地区2005年至2008年四期地磁矢量场的观测数据为基础,分别建立了该区域的F、D、I三个独立分量四期的地磁异常场模型。通过对郯庐断裂带中段地磁异常场时空动态演化特征分析,发现该区域的F、D、I分量地磁异常场形态在2005年11月九江地震前后出现了较大程度的变化,甚至出现了地磁正负异常场的反转,从2007年春季至2008年春季,该区域地磁异常场分布形态基本保持稳定。     

Tanlu Fault Zone and Gold Ore Metallogenesis

Tanlu Fault Zone (TFZ) is a large NE trending deep fracture system in East China and is about 2500 km long. It extends from the south of Lujiang to Tancheng, and passes through the Bohai Sea and continues to the north, where it branches into Yilan ?Shulan Fault and Dunhua ?Mishan Fault. TFZ is a long lasting huge deep - rooted lithospherical fault system with different characteristics in different parts and at different periods of its evolution. TFZ also controls the distribution and occur-rences of many superlarge, large, middle and small sized gold ore deposits, e. g. Jiapigou, Haigou, Xiaoxihancha and Ciwei-gou gold deposits in Northeast China; Linglong, Jiaojia, Sanshandao, Taishang, Xincheng, Rushan, and Pengjiakuang gold deposits in Jiaodong Peninsula of Shandong Province; and Guilaizhuang and Yinan in Western Shandong Province.     

Fluid Inclusion Feature of Gold-Bearing Quartz Veins from the Jinniushan Gold Deposit, Shandong, China

The auriferous veins at Jinniushan occurs within the Jinniushan faulted zone in the Kunyushan Granite. Optical observation reveals that gold ore body formed during the main stage of hydrothermal activity. Detailed geothermometric studies of fluid inclusions from the veins show that the forming temperature ranges between 130℃ and 370℃ and the salinity is from 4.01 to 15.21 wvt percent NaCl. The ore-forming fluid is featured by low to moderate salinity, and low to moderate temperature. According to investigations of the values of vapor/liquid and temperatures of the ore-forming fluids, we propose that the boiling fluid inclusions exist in the main mineralization stages. Fluid boiling is suggested as a mechanism for the precipitation of gold from the hydrothermal fluid in the Jinniushan gold deposit.     

A new species of Eunice (Polychaeta: Eunicidae) from Hainan Island, South China Sea

Ataxonomic survey of benthic marine animals from coastal regions of Hainan Island, South China Sea, revealed specimens of a new species of Eunice (Polychaeta: Eunicida: Eunicidae), Eunice uschakovi n. sp., collected from the intertidal zone. The species belongs to the group of Eunice that has yellow tridentate subacicular hooks and branchiae scattered over an extensive region of the body. It resembles E. miurai and E. havaica in having both bidentate and tridentate falcigers, but can be readily distinguished by branchial features. Comparisons between E. uschakovi and the two related species are presented.     

对青藏东北缘现今块体划分、运动及变形的初步研究

利用2维非连续变形分析方法（DDA），以位移代替围压作为边界约束力，研究青藏东北缘现今块体划分及其运动变形。根据该地区地质构造及地震活动，以GPS点测量位移作为模拟结果约束点，得出了较合理的块体划分模型和随时间演化的主应变分布图，并把应变高值区与近几年来发生的5级以上地震作对比，得出了研究区内地震危险性可能较大的区域。另外，对模拟的甘青块体与阿拉善块体的边缘带断裂左旋运动做了大概计算。     

日照市海岸带海滩沉积物粒度特征及物源分析

根据日照市海岸带2个重点海滩所采集的样品,通过粒度、磁化率、主微量及稀土元素等方面的调查资料,综合分析了研究区沉积物类型、分布特征、搬运路径及物质来源。结果表明,研究区沉积物类型以砂为主,在平行海岸方向上,沉积物粒径自北至南由细变粗。在垂直海岸方向上,从滩肩到滩面再到低潮线处,沉积物粒径逐渐变细。海滨国家森林公园海滩的分选性要好于万平口海水浴场海滩。沉积物受黄海沿岸流影响,多自北向南运移。海滩中浅部物质的来源与陆内一侧基岩中斜长片麻岩和二长花岗岩的关系较为密切,深部物质的来源与靠海一侧基岩中花岗斑岩和花岗闪长岩的关系较为密切。