生活垃圾淋滤液污染组分变化特征的土柱模拟分析--以北京市北天堂垃圾场为例

利用实验室对北京西郊南部北天堂垃圾进行淋滤实验，找出垃圾淋滤液的组分特征。变化规律。对可能造成地下水污染的机理进行分析。得出垃圾组的变化三个时期，初期，中期（淋滤组分降解较快，向环境中释放的污染组分的量也较大），后期（CODcr,NH4^ 降解到初始浓度的4.9%和3.6%。但远大于地下水质Ⅲ类标准，给地下水造成极大的危害）。     

北京地区冬小麦/夏玉米连作条件下NO3-N淋失

分析评价了北京草甸褐土冬小麦 /夏玉米连作条件下NO3 N累积、淋失以及同氮肥水平的关系。设置 4个氮肥处理 :0、 1 2 0、 2 4 0、 360kgN/ha。在每一处理区 2 0、 40、 60、 80、1 0 0、1 4 0、 2 0 0cm埋设土壤溶液提取器 ,在试验地同期设置两个直径 0 48m、深 2m的原状土柱 ,氮肥水平为 0和 2 4 0kg/ha。土壤剖面取样分析发现 :不施肥种植降低土体NO3 N储量 ,施肥种植增加 0～ 1 0 0cm土体NO3 N储量 ,但只有 360kg/ha才能维持 1 0 0～ 2 0 0cm土体NO3 N储量 ,种植和施肥改变了土壤中NO3 N的含量和空间分布。利用土壤溶液提取器取得剖面2m处土壤溶液NO3 N年均浓度和土柱底部同期排水量估算得到大田不同氮肥水平NO3 N淋失年均通量分别为 :1 8、 2 41、 5 52、 1 7 1 2kg/ha ;施肥处理表观氮淋失百分率为 :0 33 %、 1 0 3 %、3 1 9%。试验结果有益于指导合理施肥和更好地认识农业氮肥应用与地下水NO3 N污染的关系。     

贵州省晴隆县王家湾金矿池浸工艺研究

本文对砷、锑含量高的王家湾金矿红土型金矿难处理矿石提金的工艺条件。进行了试验研究。在浸池泡矿工业生产中，先进行洗矿预处理，清除部分砷、锑等有害杂质，然后按一次性加氰化的方法，进行浸池泡矿生产。初步总结出适合该矿浸池泡矿提取金的工艺条件。     

贵州省丹寨县四相厂难选汞金矿回收黄金工艺流程研究

介绍了从贵州省丹寨四相厂难选汞金矿中回收黄金合理工艺流程的研究，对研究中的几个关键问题进行了详细论述。     

Unusual rocks and mineralisation in a new carbonatite complex at Kandaguba, Kola Peninsula, Russia

The paper presents the results from a reconnaissance investigation of carbonatites in a newly discovered alkaline complex in the Kola peninsula, Russia. The Kandaguba complex differs from other carbonatite plutons of the Kola alkaline province by (a) the absence of ultrabasic rocks, (b) widespread occurrence of nepheline-, cancrinite- and nepheline–cancrinite syenites and carbonatites and (c) presence of apatite–calcite ijolites and feldspar ijolites as separate intrusive phase. The Kandaguba carbonatites are notable for the predominance of late ferromagnesian varieties together with quartz and numerous accessory mineral species. The association of phosphates (monazite, gorseixite, goyazite, apatite), sulphides and tellurides (pyrite, sphalerite, galena, hessite), ilmenorutile, barite with quartz and ankerite is a remarkable feature of these carbonatites. The Kandaguba carbonatites are inferred to have been generated as the products of liquid immiscibility followed by differentiation of the carbonatite melt.     

我国采用堆浸工艺处理低品位金矿的回顾与展望

本文经过对我国采用堆浸工艺处理低品位金矿的回顾，并与国外发达国家堆浸法提金现状及发展趋势进行了对比和借鉴，提出了我国今后低品位金矿堆浸的发展前景。     

一个大型红土型金矿的成矿地质条件及形成机理分析

蛇屋山金矿床是我国首先在湖北省发现并探明的大型红土型金矿床。矿床经渗流热卤水成矿作用，形成原生金矿化（体）；再经表生同化成矿作用形成风化型金矿床。矿床成因类型属渗流热卤水－表生成因的残积粘土型金矿床，工业类型为红土型金矿床。     

740铀矿床矿石溶浸实验研究

７４０铀矿石（Ｉ号）为易浸的砂砾岩型的铀矿石，为探索对其地浸的可行性，笔者从铀矿石水冶性质的角度，进行了溶浸条件实验和小型模拟场的溶浸试验，取得了一些进展，为进一步溶浸研究提供了一个方面的依据。     

中低温含硫、氯水溶液对地层中金、锑、汞、砷的淋滤实验研究

本文针对湘西低温矿化集中区的地质实际,在100-300℃,40MPa压力条件下,进行了含硫、氯中-低温溶液对地层岩石中金、锑、汞、砷等的多元素淋滤实验研究。实验结果表明,温度、配合物的种类和浓度是控制元素活化能力的重要因素。实验得出了Hg-Sb-Au-As的活化序列,认为200-250℃的富硫低氯热液是金、锑矿化的有利条件,低温低硫富氯热液有利于汞矿化。据实验结果并结合含矿建造及包裹体地球化学的综合研究,认为成矿流体性质的差异是控制湘西低温矿化集中区中金、锑、汞矿化分带的主要地球化学机制。     

Duration of soil cadmium and lead pollution from shale-based alum production

The scope of this study is to assess the present impact from an historical emission source, in order to provide information on the duration of this metal pollution problem.The present distribution of cadmium and lead, emitted from a Swedish alumworks between 1726–1840, was studied in soils, sediments and ground water. The soil data imply that cadmium has disappeared from the surface soils during the 150 to 250 years that have passed since the emissions ceased. Lead concentrations of the soil are elevated only within 200 m from the site of the works. Further away, the lead concentrations are almost at background level. A possible explanation for this pattern, is that lead dispersed in large particles has not yet fully disintegrated and leached down the soil profile, in contrast to the smaller particles deposited further away.The metal concentrations in the ground water wells are slightly higher than the Swedish average but probably governed by the pH of the water, rather than the occurrence of large amounts of metals. Elevated lead concentrations were found in a few sediment samples in the river mouth downstream from the works. These elevated concentrations coincided with the abundant occurrence of small particles of used shale, indicating their origin.Cadmium is not found, at present, in the soil around the alumworks in concentrations substantially above background levels. Consequently, it is likely that the cadmium deposited in the area, has leached through the upper layers of the soil profile on its way to the sea sediments. Likewise, the lead concentrations in the soil beyond 200 m from the alumworks are not above background levels which indicate that losses through leaching have occurred at a rate of 0.5 to 1.5% yr⁻¹.Finally, comparisons with other long-term perspective studies give an opportunity to discuss the rate for the disappearance of an environmental problem.