溶浸开采深埋藏杂卤石可行性及溶浸动力学模拟

我国杂卤石矿资源丰富,由于其较难溶性和深埋藏的特点,至今仍未开发利用。根据杂卤石矿成矿条件分析,该矿具有良好的封闭围岩,具备溶浸开采的基本地质条件。溶浸开采杂卤石的技术关键在于其中有效成分的溶出。理论及实验基础研究表明CaCl2等无机盐溶液可改善杂卤石的溶解性能。溶浸开采可能成为深埋藏杂卤石的开发的有效途径。通过实验考查溶浸剂CaCl2浓度、矿石粒度、渗滤速度、渗滤路径等影响杂卤石溶解过程的技术因素,溶解过程动力学研究结果表明用氯化钙溶液渗滤浸出杂卤石的过程符合В.С.Голубев—Г.Н.Крuчев建立的金属浸出动力学模型即C=CH[1-e-γ(χ-vBt)U-vB]。浸出液中K+浓度同渗滤速度与渗滤路径长度之比呈指数关系。根据溶解实验数据求得钾浸出速率常数及钾充分浸出开始到进入液相所需的时间。当渗滤速度从0.159m/h提高到0.318m/h时,浸出速率常数分别为0.03132h-1和0.04383h-1,金属离子充分浸出开始到进入液相所需的时间由297.528h降为218.997h。地浸开采深埋藏杂卤石可以缓解我国钾盐资源紧缺矛盾。     

离子色谱法同时测定铀矿浸出液中的阳离子

对铬铁矿中亚铁的测定方法进行了探讨。首先对已有方法进行了验证和筛选,然后对Li2SO4助熔剂的助溶作用及其反应机理进行了研究,从而推荐了H2SO4-H3PO4-V2O5-V(Ⅳ)-Li2SO4和H2SO4-H3PO4-Ce(SO4)2-Li2SO4两种改进型的溶剂体系用于铬铁矿试样中亚铁的测定,所得结果具有良好的重现性。     

碳质银精矿氯化浸出工艺的研究与应用

采用氧化焙烧工艺对碳质银精矿进行除碳、除硫预处理,试验确定焙烧温度为650℃。焙砂以3YL--NaCl无氰氯化体系浸出,研究了影响氯化浸出的因素:3YL用量、氯化钠浓度、浸出酸度、时间、温度℃及固液比等,并在试验确定的工艺条件下,进行了公斤级试验,得出Au、Ag、Cu、Pb、Zn的氯化浸出率分别为95.1%、91.6%、85.7%、95.2%、83.8%。     

松辽盆地北部西斜坡地浸砂岩型铀矿成矿条件分析

本文从基础地质条件出发,全面分析了松辽盆地北部西斜坡的铀成矿条件,认为该区具有丰富的铀源和平缓东倾单斜构造、辫状河沉积体系和辫状河三角洲沉积体系,有发育良好的透水层和隔水层,补-径-排机制较完善。水文地质条件较好,具有渗入型自流水盆地特征,具备了地浸砂岩型铀矿成矿地质条件,勘探前景广阔。     

原地浸出采铀的水岩作用研究

原地浸出采铀时，含矿层会发生各种复杂的水岩作用。运用聚类分析方法研究溶浸化学全分析数据发现，除了CO3^2-和HCO3^-之外，其他组分呈正相关，而且有些组分密切正相关，说明它们的浓度变化规律很相似。根据含矿层矿物成分，分析了矿物和溶浸液之间的水岩反应，推出了反应方程式，并探讨了溶浸液中各种组分可能的来源。然后，用矿石静态浸出试验的数据对各种组分的反应速度进行了定量对比。     

安棚碱矿地层自然漂移规律研究及在钻井设计中的应用

依据测井资料对安棚碱矿地层自然漂移规律统计分析，进行井身剖面设计，并运用回归理论确定水平位移与垂直井深相关方程，提出了井口坐标设计方案。经实际应用，缩短了钻井周期，提高了钻机月速及机械钻速。     

Impact of Ditching in a Small Forested Catchment on Concentrations of Suspended Material, Organic Carbon, Hydrogen Ions and Metals in Stream Water

Stream-water samples were collected during a 4-year-period in twosmall streams, one whose catchment was ditched for forestry halfway through the sampling period and another nearby reference stream whose catchment was not ditched during this period. The main aim was to study the impact of forest ditching on stream-water quality. Whereas the artificial drainage did not change the hydrograph pattern, it had a large effect on stream hydrochemistry: the concentrations of suspended material, Mn, Ca, Mg and Al increased, theconcentrations of total organic carbon decreased, and pH increased by approximately one unit, from an average of 4.4 to 5.4. The increase in suspended material, Mn and Al concentrations is explainedby the physical mobilisation of mineral particulates/colloids from mineral soils (till) exposed on the ditch slopes beneath the peat layer, while the increase in Ca and Mg loads is explained by the release of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ in exchange reactions in this same soil layer. The increase in pH and decrease in TOC concentrations after ditching are related to changes in hydrological flow paths in the catchments, and most likely to immobilisation of both hydrogen ions and humic substances in the near neutral till horizon exposed beneath the peat layer. Only the aquatic abundance of Fewas not significantly affected by the ditching.     

Effect of widespread severely acidic soils on spatial features and abundance of trace elements in streams

In the coastal area of western Finland, a large number of streams are strongly acidic and contaminated with metals. The reason for this is not historical and present industrial, mining and urban activities, but a current high rate of weathering and leaching of widespread acid sulphate soils (pH 2.5–4.0) developed in artificially drained Holocene marine and lacustrine sulphide-bearing sediments. Evaluation of existing hydro- and geochemical field and experimental data revealed that: (1) cobalt, Ni and Zn are extensively leached from the acid sulphate soils and thus exist abundantly in streams affected by such soils, (2) copper and Tl are also leached abundantly from the acid sulphate soils, although not to the same extent as are Co, Ni and Zn, (3) vanadium is in general depleted and Cr only weakly enriched in streams draining ‘the average acid sulphate soil’, but they increase substantially in severely acidic streams in catchments underlain with particularly acidic soil, (4) arsenic and Pb are not leached more abundantly from the acid sulphate soils than from the common types of soils and sediments (till, glaciofluvial deposits, peat) resulting in aquatic abundance and distribution patterns unrelated to the acid sulphate soil occurrences.     

512可地浸砂岩型铀矿床地质特征和远景评价

本文介绍了５１２矿床区域地质背景、矿床基本特征、近期勘探成果、地浸效果和矿区远景评价。该矿床的成矿条件有利，属层间氧化带砂岩型，有可能发展成可地浸的、低品位的万吨级矿床，其矿田远景将更为可观。     

山西省热矿水形成机制分析

本文以系统理论为指导，在深入研究地质北景的基础上，通过研究热矿水的含水介质，水动力场，水化学物和温度场的特征，划分了热矿水系统，探讨了热矿水的起源及形成机制，将山西热矿水的形成归纳为异常增温型和正常增温型两种基本模式，异常增温型又根据地质结构的不同，地下水径流条件的差异，列举了三种典型模式，最后指出了寻找热矿水的方向，开发利用热矿资源应注意的问题。