复州区金县群新观察

复州区金县群出露子复州城西瓦房、复州湾五行山和赵坎子地区。复州区金县群的剖面结构和地层特征和金州区金县群基本一致,其中十三里台组、马家屯组不仅岩性基本相同,而且含相同的叠层石组合,这表明复州—大连凹陷在晚先寒武纪时期为同一海盆地。复州区袁家沟—赵坎子一带缺失马家屯组以上沉积,寒武系大林子组直接覆于其上,表明复州湾区地壳曾一度抬升,出现了两凹夹一中隆的构造格局。     

熊耳群碲化物型金矿硫铅同位素及其成矿作用探讨

熊耳群火山岩中产出各种类型的金矿床，碲化物型（构造蚀变岩型）是金矿主要类型，该类型余矿以出现大量碲化物或富碲、硒为特征．硫化物δ￣（３４）Ｓ以较大的负值为特征，本文通过综合研究及与国内外行关矿床对比，认为该碲化物型金矿δ￣（３４）Ｓ负值的主要原因是地表水的渗透参与导致成矿热液物理化学条件改变，ｆｏ＿２升高、ｐＨ值降低，从而引起硫同位素强烈分馏形成的。有关铅同位素组成具深源壳幔混合（染）特征，显示成矿物质来源于熊耳群富钾火山岩系。该类型金矿床成矿作用为上升岩浆与下渗地表水共同作用形成浅成热液系统，在剪切带内氧化环境下液体的稀释和冷却是金沉淀的主要原因。其成因类型应属浅成低温热液富碲化物型金矿。     

Late superhumps and the stream–disc impact in IY UMa

We present two simple dynamical models for Sagittarius based on N -body simulations of the progressive disruption of a satellite galaxy orbiting for 12.5 Gyr within a realistic Galactic potential. In both models the satellite initially has observable properties similar to those of current outlying dwarfs; in one case it is purely stellar while in the other it is embedded in an extended massive halo. The purely stellar progenitor is a King model with a total velocity dispersion of 18.9 km s⁻¹, a core radius of 0.44 kpc and a tidal radius of 3 kpc. The initial stellar distribution in the other case follows a King profile with the same core radius, a slightly larger total velocity dispersion and similar extent. Both these models are consistent with all published data on the current Sagittarius system, they match not only the observed properties of the main body of Sagittarius, but also those reported for unbound debris at larger distances.     

Additional members of the local group of galaxies and quantized redshifts within the two nearest groups

Galaxies of redshiftz ≲ 1000 km s⁻¹ are investigated. In the South Galactic Hemisphere there are two large concentrations of these galaxies. One is in the direction of the centre of the Local Group, roughly aligned with M 31 and M 33. The other concentration is centred almost 80 degrees away on the sky and involves the next nearest galaxies to the Local Group, NGC 55, NGC 300 and NGC 253. The large scale and isolation of these concentrations, and the continuity of their redshifts require that they are all galaxies at the same, relatively close distance of the brightest group members. The fainter members of the group have higher redshifts, mimicking to some extent a Hubble relation. But if they are all at the same average distance the higher redshifts must be due to a cause other than velocity. The redshifts of the galaxies in the central areas of these groups all obey a quantization interval of δcz₀ = 72.4 kms⁻¹. This is the same quantization found by William Tifft, and later by others, in all physical groups and pairs which have been tested. The quantization discovered here, however, extends over a larger interval in redshift than heretofore encountered. The majority of redshifts used in the present analysis are accurate to ± 8 km s⁻¹. The deviation of those redshifts from multiples of 72.4 km s^-1 averages ±8.2 km s⁻¹. The astonishing result, however, is that for those redshifts which are known more accurately, the deviation from modulo 72.4 drops to a value between 3 and 4 km s⁻¹! The amount of relative velocity allowed these galaxies is therefore implied to be less than this extremely small value.     

辽宁省地槽区志留系—奥陶系

辽宁省地槽区的志留系—奥陶系分布于辽宁省北部,奥陶系称下二台群,由下向上分为盘岭组、黄顶子组、烧锅屯组;分布于辽宁省西部的奥陶系称明安山群。志留系下统为巴林桥组,中统为晒勿苏组。下二台群是一套变质的火山岩系夹正常海相沉积层,火山岩的岩石化学成分及岩石结构与甘肃白银厂早古生代火山岩相似。在火山岩系中已发现有多处铜、金矿点,显然辽宁省北部下二台群是寻找铜、金、银的理想地区。     

中秦岭南部耀岭河群稀土元素特征及其构造环境分析

根据大量稀土元素样品分析，耀岭河群ＲＥＥ的总体特征为“液体型”的右倾分布模式，稀土分馏不明显向稀土分馏明显演化。（Ｃｅ／Ｙｂ）＿Ｎ比值由玄武岩向中酸性岩逐渐增加，反映部分熔融程度的减少和分离结晶作用的加强；（Ｌａ／Ｓｍ）＿Ｎ比值由基性向酸性岩逐渐增高，反映了裂谷早期扩张较快，后期暗示着挤压环境；从Ｅｕ／Ｓｍ比值逐渐降低；δＭＥｕ由上异常转向负异常，表明分异程度的增强。从（Ｌａ／Ｙｂ）＿Ｎ比值判别本区相当于Ｅ－ＭＯＲＢ富集型源区，其构造环境属大陆活动边缘裂谷发展的弧后洋盆。     

滇西南大红山群变火山-沉积岩地球化学属性、年代格架及其构造意义

云南新平地区大红山群出露于扬子地块西南缘,主要由低绿片岩相-角闪岩相变质的火山-沉积岩组成。大红山群的岩石成因、年代格架及其形成的构造背景缺乏系统研究,制约了地质学家们全面认识和理解扬子西南缘<~1.75 Ga的构造演化历史。本文以大红山群底部老厂河组变沉积岩及其内部变火山岩夹层为重点研究对象,开展岩相学、全岩地球化学和锆石U-Pb定年等综合研究。岩石地球化学研究结果表明,变沉积岩的化学成分与大陆上地壳沉积物成分接近,原岩为成熟度较高的泥岩/页岩,未经历沉积再循环,形成于被动大陆边缘的构造背景;变火山岩原岩化学成分相当于钙碱性过铝质A型流纹岩,形成于造山后的大陆裂谷拉张环境。锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,老厂河组变沉积岩的碎屑锆石记录了2.3~2.2 Ga和1.9~1.75 Ga两个主年龄峰以及2.7~2.6 Ga次年龄峰。结合前人研究结果,表明大红山群物源主要来源于扬子地块西南缘的太古宙-古元古代基底岩石。变火山岩样品的岩浆锆石核部记录了1 713~1 711 Ma的年龄,应代表老厂河组原岩的形成时代,锆石的变质增生边限定峰期变质时代为约843 Ma。综合前人研究结果表明,大红山群普遍经历了849~837 Ma的新元古代变质事件。综上所述,扬子地块西南缘的大红山群完好记录了与Columbia超大陆裂解有关的非造山岩浆活动,新元古代变质事件可能与Rodinia超大陆裂解和聚合过程密切相关。     

地下流体异常性质定量判别方法探索与地震预报

采用异常频次累加法和异常频次变化速率法研究了中强地震前后一定范围内地下流体群体异常随时间的演化特征．结果表明：地震前后地下流体异常频次累加曲线和变化速率曲线变化特征表现为“平稳（零值波动）—加速（连续正值）—恢复（连续负值）”３个阶段;地震与异常的关系表现为“加速（连续正值）—地震”的形式．利用该方法可以对地下流体异常性质（即非震异常、震前异常和震后异常）进行一定程度的定量判别．     

多种前兆观测数据的合成信息熵研究

采用概率化预处理方法,把多种前兆观测值时间序列转化为概率值时间序列．在此基础上,应用信息论基本原理,计算由多种前兆观测项目构成的信源系统的合成信息熵．通过对乌鲁木齐及邻近地区１７种前兆观测资料的实际计算,发现在多次中强地震前出现半年至一年的减熵异常过程     

利用多道信号测定短周期面波频散

使用适配滤波频时分析技术处理面波信号,获取滤波后的时域包络,并对具有相同群速度的各道信号包络的振幅进行叠加,取叠加所得极大值对应的走时为该频率的群延时,以此来提高群速度的测量精度对P-τ,（相慢度-时间）域的波场进行傅氏变换,然后在P-ω（相慢度-频率）平面叠加多道信号来测定相速度．利用这两种方法处理合成的短周期瑞利波地震图,结果表明：经过振型分离以后,利用基阶振型信号所求出的相速度、群速度曲线更加接近理论频散值．对地震勘探资料进行处理,取得了5-40Hz内的相速度、群速度频散,且曲线较为平滑