论东秦岭秋树湾铜钼矿区扩大找矿的有利因素

作为东秦岭铜钼矿带上重要的铜钼矿区,秋树湾及其外围的找矿工作一直未取得重大突破,因此,明确秋树湾岩体形态及位置是扩大找矿的关键所在。本文通过分析成矿母岩、蚀变及矿化分带,结合遥感、地球物理探测技术,总结出研究区矿化蚀变分带模型,并利用钻孔验证,在秋树湾矿区先期取得了找矿突破。在理论和实践上指出:秋树湾斑岩体为本区的成矿母岩;埋深在1000m以下仍存在花岗斑岩体,深部斑岩体是重要的找矿方向;近南北向断裂为岩浆沿断裂从东向北西倾入提供了通道,岩体具有西浅东深的特点。     

西天山Muruntau金矿床地质和S-Pb同位素示踪

Muruntau金矿床位于乌兹别克斯坦卡拉库姆板块北缘,是世界规模最大的金矿床。赋矿地层为一套发生绿片岩相浅变质作用的含炭复理石建造。矿区主要经历了四期变形变质作用(D1-D4),矿体受构造控制明显,就位于桑格龙套-塔姆德套与穆龙套-道古兹套剪切带的构造交汇部位,金矿化主要产于次级韧脆性断裂中。对矿床的矿石硫化物及地层开展了系统S、Pb同位素研究,结果表明石英脉型及蚀变岩型矿石中硫化物的δ34S变化范围较大,集中于2.2‰~6.1‰,其中蚀变岩型矿石中毒砂样品δ34S值集中于2.2‰~4.6‰,含金石英脉中硫化物样品δ34S值集中于3.0‰~6.1‰,方解石-石英脉中硫化物样品δ34S值集中于3.5‰~4.0‰,表明矿石中硫主要来源于地层,可能有少量岩浆硫加入。2件黑色页岩中毒砂206Pb/~(204)Pb为19.906~20.378,~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb为15.730~15.750,208Pb/~(204)Pb为38.388~39.894;3件含金石英脉中黄铁矿206Pb/~(204)Pb为18.848~19.431,~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb为15.669~15.736,208Pb/~(204)Pb为38.346~38.879;2件方解石脉中毒砂206Pb/~(204)Pb为18.715~19.563,~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb为15.639~15.740,208Pb/~(204)Pb为38.640~39.295。6件地层岩石样品的铅同位素组成206Pb/~(204)Pb为19.416~20.600,~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb为15.675~15.746,208Pb/~(204)Pb为38.876~39.431。矿石铅与地层铅均落于上地壳与造山带之间,矿石铅显示较大的跨度,且与地层岩石铅具有部分重合,显示成矿物质具有双重来源,与赋矿地层及造山期变质流体均表现出密切成因联系。结合矿床地质特征总结分析,沉积地层的物质准备+多期构造运动驱动变质流体运移(D1-D4)+岩浆热液的后期叠加应该是Muruntau巨量金属富集的关键控制因素。     

青藏高原东南缘哀牢山构造带泥质高压麻粒岩的发现及其构造意义

哀牢山构造带泥质高压麻粒岩主要由石榴石、夕线石、钾长石和斜长石变斑晶及尖晶石、铁假蓝宝石、蓝晶石、石英、金红石和钛铁矿包裹体组成,为确定印支地块和华南地块的边界提供了关键性标志。石榴石-黑云母-斜长石-石英地质温压计(GBPQ)计算结果及标志性高温矿物组合(Spl+Qz)表明泥质高压麻粒岩的形成和演化经历了高压/高温进变质到中温/低压退变质的顺时针P-T演化过程。其中:1)高压/高温进变质阶段的矿物组合为Ky+Sil+Grt1+Kf1+Pl1+Spr+Ter(Kf+Pl)+Bt1+Spl+Qtz+Ilm1+Rut1,形成于850～919℃,≥10.4kbar;2)中温/低压退变质阶段的矿物组合为Grt2+Bt2+Pl2+Ms+Qtz+Ilm2+Rut2,早期和晚期的温压条件分别为664～754℃,4.9～6.5kbar和572～576℃,3.5～3.9kbar。反映陆壳物质在碰撞过程中俯冲到地下深处(≥30km)经高压高温变质后快速折返到中上地壳的动力学演变轨迹。     

An Overview on the Composition and Age of Upper Crust of Proto-Tethyan Lajishan Intra-oceanic Arc, NE Tibet Plateau

Identification and anatomy of oceanic arcs within ancient orogenic belt are significant for better understanding the tectonic framework and closure process of paleo-ocean basin. This article summarizes the geological, geochemical, and geochronological characteristics of upper crust of Proto-Tethyan Lajishan intra-oceanic arc and provides new data to constrain the subduction evolution of the South Qilian Ocean. The intra-oceanic arc volcanic rocks, including intermediate–mafic lava, breccia, tuff, and minor felsic rocks, are distributed along southern part of the Lajishan ophiolite belt. Geochemical and isotopic compositions indicate that the intermediate–mafic lava were originated from depleted mantle contaminated by sediment melts or hydrous fluids, whereas the felsic rocks were likely generated by partial melting of juvenile mafic crust in intra-oceanic arc setting. Zircons from felsic rocks yield consistent and concordant ages ranging from 506 to 523 Ma, suggesting these volcanic rocks represent the relicts of upper crust of the Cambrian intra-oceanic arc. Combined with the Cambrian forearc ophiolite and accretionary complex, we suggest that the Cambrian intra-oceanic arc in the Lajishan ophiolite belt is belonging to the intra-oceanic arc system which was generated by south-directed subduction in the South Qilian Ocean at a relatively short interval between approximately 530 and 480 Ma.     

北祁连西段祁青构造混杂岩中的单颗粒锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

在北祁连西段三岔口等6幅1∶5万区域地质调查中,对祁青构造混杂岩进行了调查研究,通过LA-ICPMS法单颗粒锆石U-Pb同位素测年,获得206Pb/238U表面加权平均年龄494±15Ma,相当于中寒武世,故将该混杂岩解体,部分归为中寒武世黑刺沟组。     

造山带地区花岗岩类构造混杂现象研究--以清水泉地区为例

通过对东昆仑东段清水泉地区花岗岩类的详细野外研究,提出造山带地区岩浆岩中普遍存在构造混杂现象,并把构造混杂岩浆岩分为构造岩浆岩片和准构造岩浆岩片两类,为造山带地区侵入岩的研究提供了新思路。     

闽西北常口—南舟断裂带与萤石成矿关系

福建省区域地质调查队三分队在元坑幅及埔上幅１：５万区调中分别发现了将乐常口大型萤石矿和顺昌南舟萤石矿。两个矿床均位于常口－南舟北东向断裂带中，受其次级张性断裂直接控制，矿床成因类似。     

Fluid entrapment and reequilibration during subduction and exhumation: A case study from the high-grade Nestos shear zone, Central Rhodope, Greece

A fluid inclusion study on metamorphic minerals of successive growth stages was performed on highly deformed paragneisses from the Nestos Shear Zone at Xanthi (Central Rhodope), in which microdiamonds provide unequivocal evidence for ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphism. The correlation of fluid inclusion density isochores and fluid inclusion reequilibration textures with geothermobarometric data and the relative chronology of micro- and macro-scale deformation stages allow a better understanding of both the fluid and metamorphic evolution along the P–T–d path. Textural evidence for subduction towards the NE is recorded by the orientation of intragranular NE-oriented fluid inclusion planes and the presence of single, annular fluid inclusion decrepitation textures. These textures occur within quartz “foam” structures enclosed in an earlier generation of garnets with prolate geometries and rarely within recrystallized matrix quartz, and reequilibrated both in composition and density during later stages of exhumation. No fluid inclusions pertaining to the postulated ultrahigh-pressure stage for microdiamond-bearing garnet–kyanite–gneisses have yet been found. The prolate shape of garnets developed during the earliest stages of exhumation that is recorded structurally by (L  S) tectonites, which subsequently accommodated progressive ductile SW shearing and folding up to shallow crustal levels. The majority of matrix kyanite and a later generation of garnet were formed during SW-directed shear under plane-strain conditions. Fluid inclusions entrapped in quartz during this stage of deformation underwent density loss and transformed to almost pure CO₂ inclusions by preferential loss of H₂O. Those inclusions armoured within garnet retained their primary 3-phase H₂O–CO₂ compositions. Reequilibration of fluid inclusions in quartz aggregates is most likely the result of recrystallization along with stress-induced, preferential H₂O leakage along dislocations and planar lattice defects which results in the predominance of CO₂ inclusions with supercritical densities. Carbonic fluid inclusions from adjacent kyanite–corundum-bearing pegmatoids and, the presence of shear-plane-parallel fluid inclusion planes within late quartz boudin structures consisting of pure CO₂-fluid inclusions with negative crystal shapes, bear witness of the latest stage of deformation by NE-directed extensional shear.This study shows that the textures of early fluid inclusions that formed already during the prograde metamorphic path can be preserved and used to derive information about the kinematics of subduction that is difficult to obtain from other sources. The textures of early inclusions, together with later generations of unaltered primary and secondary inclusions in metamorphic index minerals that can be linked to specific deformation stages and even P–T conditions, are a welcome supplement for the reconstruction of a rather detailed P–T–d path.     

瞬变电磁采样函数优化法降噪技术

常用的双极性同步采样方法对瞬变电磁系统的观测噪声具有一定的抑制作用,但在实际工作中其噪声抑制能力仍显不足.本文在双极性同步采样方法基础上提出一种优化方法,以提升瞬变电磁系统的噪声抑制能力,即：通过对取样道加高斯窗函数的方式,赋予取样道内各采样点合适的累加权重,提升系统对取样道内高频噪声的抑制能力;使用高斯窗函数与梳状滤波器构造复合窗函数,通过对包含所有叠加周期的完整观测序列加复合窗函数的形式优化各周期的叠加权重,提升系统对实际工频噪声的抑制能力.对优化前后不同采样函数的谱特性及野外实测数据的处理效果进行比较,结果表明本文提出的方法较传统双极性同步采样方法具有更强的噪声抑制能力.

     

1998年全球地震活动综述

１９９８年第四季度,全球共发生６级以上地震１１次,其中１１月２９日塞兰海地震为７．７级,地震频度低而强度高。１９９６￣１９９８年,全球地震活动呈逐年下降趋势。１９９８年全年共发生６级以上地震（包括深震）７８次,其中有２次７．７级以上大地震。本年度６级以上浅源地震频数继续减少,全年只有６４次。１９９６￣、９９８年,Ⅰ带和Ⅱ带地震活动逐年减弱;亚欧带有起伏,１９９７年最高,１９９８年回落。中国大陆地震