基于GIS的秦巴山区土壤侵蚀评估——以陕西省宁强县为例

基于GIS技术对秦巴山区的宁强县土壤侵蚀特征进行研究.通过解译遥感影像得到研究区的土地利用现状和植被覆盖等数据,使用GIS技术对地形图数据处理得到DEM等数据,并用因子法计算研究区的土壤侵蚀模数,最终生成该区的土壤侵蚀模数图.研究结论可为该地区水土保持与土壤侵蚀防治提供科学依据.     

MIXTURE ANALYSIS USING FACTOR ANALYSIS.Ⅱ:SELF-MODELING CURVE RESOLUTION

One of the major applications of factor analysis in the chemical literature,self-modeling curve resolution(SMCR),is covered in this review,including a historical account of the inethods derived from Lawtonand Sylvestre's original method.Papers treating the theory or applications of SMCR are included.Qualitative and quantitative applications are described where appropriate.     

Application of Rare Earth Elements of the Marine Carbonate Rocks in Paleoenvironmental Researches

The pattern, contents and ratios of Rare Earth Elements (REE) from marine carbonates play an important role in the paleo-environmental researches. As result of the REE's source being variable, which includes marine carbonates, detrital input and diagenesis, the overall assessment for the reliability of REE's data is necessary. Furthermore, appropriate analytical method is vital for the reliable contents of REE. This paper reviewed the geochemical properties, analytical and data processing methods, feasibility verification and paleo-environmental application of carbonates REE. The patterns of REE, which provide theoretical basis for the provenance and depositional environment of carbonates, are various with different sources. Cerium, as a redox sensitive element, is a key proxy for the reconstruction of paleo-redox conditions. There are two available analytical methods, acid-leaching method and direct LA-ICP-MS analytical method, to extract REE of seawater preserved in marine carbonate rocks. The contamination from detritus and diagenetic alteration can be detected by the correlations of various elements or element ratios. The REE of marine carbonate has been well applied to reconstruct the environment changes during the Precambrian, Permian-Triassic transition and Cenozoic.     

Early warning system for shallow landslides using rainfall threshold and slope stability analysis

A combined cluster and regression analysis were performed for the first time to identify rainfall threshold that triggers landslide events in Amboori, Kerala, India. Amboori is a tropical area that is highly vulnerable to landslides. The 2, 3, and 5-day antecedent rainfall data versus daily rainfall was clustered to identify a cluster of critical events that could potentially trigger landslides. Further, the cluster of critical events was utilized for regression analysis to develop the threshold equations. The 5-day antecedent (x-variable) vs. daily rainfall (y-variable) provided the best fit to the data with a threshold equation of y = 80.7–0.1981x. The intercept of the equation indicates that if the 5-day antecedent rainfall is zero, the minimum daily rainfall needed to trigger the landslide in the Amboori region would be 80.7 mm. The negative coefficient of the antecedent rainfall indicates that when the cumulative antecedent rainfall increases, the amount of daily rainfall required to trigger monsoon landslide decreases. The coefficient value indicates that the contribution of the 5-day antecedent rainfall is ∼20% to the landslide trigger threshold. The slope stability analysis carried out for the area, using Probabilistic Infinite Slope Analysis Model (PISA-m), was utilized to identify the areas vulnerable to landslide in the region. The locations in the area where past landslides have occurred demonstrate lower Factors of Safety (FS) in the slope stability analysis. Thus, rainfall threshold analysis together with the FS values from slope stability can be suitable for developing a simple, cost-effective, and comprehensive early-warning system for shallow landslides in Amboori and similar regions.     

Characterization of Continental Intercalaire aquifer (CI) in the Tinrhert-East Area-Illizi Basin on the Algerian-Libyan Border

This paper addresses the characterization of the Continental Intercalaire aquifer (CI) in the Tinrhert-East area of Illizi Basin on the Algerian-Libyan border, which belongs to the SASS1 system, one of the biggest transboundary aquifers in the world. This study concerns a superficies of 4 300 km2. On the basis of Mud Logging borehole data conducted in this part of the aquifer, a realistic characterization of the aquifer was done. The thickness of the CI aquifer varies from 300 m in the south to 700 m in the north, and the depth ranges from 180 m to 320 m. The interpretation of the logs showed that the aquifer is characterized by a maximum net thickness in its southwestern part (more than 600 m), the porosity is very high, ranging from 30% in the west to 24% at the Libyan borders, the permeability is low to medium around 10-5 m/s, and the maximum transmissivity values of about 8×10-3 m2/s were recorded at the center of the study area. The depth of water varies from 235 m to 312 m, and the water flows from south to north, in accordance with the general direction observed in the CI aquifer in the Northern Sahara Aquifer System (SASS). The porosity values obtained from the interpretation of the sonic and density logs permit to estimate the water reserves of this aquifer considered fossil, at thresholds much higher than what was considered until now.     

云南省兰坪县来龙铅锌矿控矿因素

来龙铅锌矿属热液脉型铅锌矿床,矿体产于上三叠统三合洞组（T3s）灰岩层间破碎带中,矿体受断裂破碎带控制明显.围岩蚀变有硅化、白云石化、方解石化、炭化、褐铁矿化等.其中白云石化、方解石化、褐铁矿化与成矿较密切.     

A two-grid search scheme for large-scale 3-D finite element analyses of slope stability

It is well known that the trial process for seeking the safety factor in the shear strength reduction finite element method (SSRFEM) is quite expensive, particularly for large 3-D slope stability analyses. The search algorithm for the safety factor is crucial to the entire solution process for the shear strength reduction finite element method, but few studies have attempted to exploit it. Among search algorithms, the commonly used bracketing and bisection search has not been fully optimised. Consequently, to improve the search scheme for the safety factor associated with the shear strength reduction finite element method, two strategies are suggested. First, a generalised bisection search algorithm is proposed to reduce the possibility of encountering non-convergence from a statistical point of view. To further improve the efficiency, a new two-grid scheme, characterised by a coarse mesh search and followed by a fine mesh search, is developed. Based on the drained or undrained analyses of the 3-D slope examples, the new search algorithm can markedly outperform the commonly used bisection search algorithms based on a single finite element mesh.     

彝良-镇雄铅锌矿矿集区资源潜力分析

矿集区构造、地层、遥感数据等控矿因素结合统计和分析,建立地质综合信息数学信息模型,并据此确定信息量边界值,在矿集区内圈定3个找矿有利靶区,一个A级两个B级。     

贵州威宁长坪子铅锌矿区地质特征及控矿因素浅析

贵州威宁长坪子铅锌矿区位于北西向的江子山背斜铅锌成矿带中段,矿床的形成和分布受江子山背斜构造的控制。而矿体受主干构造及其压性纵断层的下盘或层间破碎带控制,或北西与北东向断裂共同控制;矿体主要呈似层状、透镜状;矿体的产出主要受地层、构造条件共同控制。系统地研究了区内的导矿、配矿、容矿构造特征,提出了地质构造是控制矿床形成和分布的主导因素,以便为区内地质找矿理清思路,指明方向。     

重庆市县域综合发展水平差异的时空特征分析

选择重庆市40个县域2001年和2006年的相关统计数据,采用因子分析法建立县域综合发展水平测度模型．运用统计学软件SPSS15．0．对重庆市县域综合发展水平差异进行评价和类型区划．并利用ARCGIS9．2软件分别绘制出2001和2006年40个县域的综合发展水平空间分异图。结果表明．县域综合发展水平的差距依然比较显著．在因子上由2001年的社会发展规模因素转化为2006年的工业化发展因素．空间上呈现出距离区域增长极空间位置的远近和交通可达的难易而逐层递减的圈层分异特点。