湖南常宁新盟山英安玢岩岩石成因及其与矿化关系研究

通过对湖南省常宁市新盟山英安玢岩进行岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb定年以及绿泥石矿物化学等综合研究,结合前人研究成果,探讨其岩石地球化学性质、形成时代、物质来源及其与成矿作用的关系.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,新盟山英安玢岩的n(206Pb)/n(238U)加权平均年龄为152.9±1.2 Ma,属于晚侏罗...     

河南桐柏围山城地区主要侵入岩年代学与地球化学特征

河南省桐柏围山城地区位于华北板块与扬子板块之间的秦岭造山带与大别造山带的衔接部位,本文对产于该区的主要侵入岩体开展了锆石SHRIMP测年和岩石地球化学特征研究。总共对8件样品开展了SHRIMP测年,其中产于破山银矿区的云斜煌岩获得的锆石SHRIMP测年结果为461.8 ± 9.7 Ma,MSWD＝1.10,表明其形成于加里东中期。在桃园岩体及其南部混染带内产出的变辉长岩、石英闪长岩、花岗闪长岩和黑云母花岗岩共获得了6组年龄数据,分别是431.7 ± 8.3 Ma （MSWD＝0.76）、432.3 ± 7.5Ma （MSWD＝0.45）、470.3 ± 8.3Ma（MSWD＝1.3）、431.5 ± 8.2 Ma（MSWD＝1.6）、433 ± 11 Ma（MSWD＝1.8）和426.7 ± 9.1 Ma（MSWD＝1.6）,说明桃园岩体是加里东晚期岩浆侵位产物。梁湾岩体花岗闪长岩和二长花岗岩的锆石SHRIMP测年结果分别为132.5 ± 2.3Ma （MSWD＝1.5）和137.0 ± 3.4Ma （MSWD＝1.9）,为燕山中期。锆石SHRIMP测年结果表明,围山城地区主要侵入岩的岩浆活动集中在三个时期,分别是460-470Ma,430Ma和135Ma。侵入岩体的岩石地球化学研究结果表明,与加里东晚期花岗岩相比,燕山中期花岗岩明显富K、Nb和Rb贫Na和Y。Pb-Sr-Nd同位素示踪研究表明,加里东晚期花岗岩明显富含放射性成因Pb,其206Pb/204Pb值为19.342～19.712,平均值19.512,（87Sr/86Sr）i值较低,变化于0.70211~0.704899,εNd (t)值均为正值,变化范围为+3.55～+7.53,显示成岩物质来源较深,可能来自亏损地幔;而燕山中期花岗岩的放射性成因Pb含量低,206Pb/204Pb值为17.278～17.492,平均值17.370, （87Sr/86Sr）i值相对较高,为0.707004~0.716968,εNd (t)值均为较大负值,变化范围为-16.95～-9.76,显示成岩物质来源较浅,可能来自下地壳。围山城地区加里东晚期花岗岩与燕山中期花岗岩岩石地球化学特征上的差别与它们形成时所处的大地构造环境有关,加里东晚期花岗岩形成于弧后环境,而燕山中期花岗岩则形成于华北与扬子两大板块碰撞后的岩石圈减薄与伸展构造环境。     

云南墨江金厂金矿床成岩成矿年龄研究

墨江金厂是一个类型比较特殊的大型金矿床，与超基性蛇绿岩具有密切成因联系。其成岩成矿时代问题尚有不同认识，通过同位素年龄资料对比，认为金矿成矿母岩－蛇绿岩体是加里东晚期的产物；通过^40Ar-^39Ar法和其他方法的年龄测定以及野外对各类金矿化石英脉的对比研究，认为从海西至喜马拉雅期均有不同程度的金矿化。该矿床为多期次、多阶段叠加富集成矿。     

印度洋中西部大眼金枪鱼年龄与鱼体脂肪含量的关系

本文根据2012年10月—2013年3月在印度洋中西部海域金枪鱼延绳钓渔业调查所获得的样本,利用其脊椎骨鉴定了334尾大眼金枪鱼(Thunnus obesus)的年龄,并利用鱼类脂肪含量仪测定了其肌肉的脂肪含量,进而对年龄与脂肪含量的关系进行了研究。结果表明样本金枪鱼的特征如下:(1)年龄组成为1—9龄,其中4—6龄比例最大,约占样本总数的66.4%;(2)脂肪含量范围为3.1%—29.8%,平均为13.4%,优势范围在7.0%—17.0%之间,其中13.0%—17.0%的比例最高达51.4%;(3)通过比较不同年龄组的脂肪含量发现,鱼体脂肪含量1—3龄随年龄增加而下降。4—5龄脂肪含量较高,6龄急剧下降到最低,7—9龄又呈升高的趋势;(4)雌性和雄性大眼金枪鱼的新陈代谢变化无明显差异,雌性比雄性的性成熟年龄要早1年左右,雌性3—4龄时性成熟,而雄性为4—5龄时性成熟;(5)脂肪含量的变化可能与大眼金枪鱼生长、繁殖、衰老等过程中的新陈代谢变化相吻合。     

Geological age of the Yokawa Formation of the Kobe Group (Japan) on the basis of terrestrial mammalian fossils

Abstract   The age of the Yokawa Formation of the Cenozoic Kobe Group distributed in Hyogo Prefecture of western Japan based on mammalian fossils is discussed. Two fossil dental specimens of terrestrial mammals discovered from the lowest part of the Yokawa Formation in the Sanda area are described. These two fossils described here are: (i) a right mandibular fragment with p2–m3 of Bothriodon sandaensis sp. nov. (selenodont anthracotheriid artiodactyl), which appears to be the most primitive among the species of the genus; and (ii) right m1–m3 of cf. Hyrachyus sp. (primitive rhinocerotoid perissodactyl). In the lower part of the Yokawa Formation, Zaisanamynodon (amynodontid perissodactyl) was previously reported. The morphology ('evolutionary stage') of B. sandaensis is indicative of the latest Middle to Late Eocene, that of cf. Hyrachyus sp. is indicative of the Early to Middle Eocene, and Zaisanamynodon is indicative of the Late Middle to Late Eocene. Therefore, the fossil mammals of the Yokawa Formation indicate an latest Middle Eocene ( ca . 38 Ma) correlation for the lower part of the formation, as a working hypothesis. Although the resolution of the geological age based on these mammalian fossils is relatively low compared to that based on marine index fossils, this result is concordant with the recent radiometric correlation of the lower part of the Yokawa Formation in the Sanda area.     

Holocene calcrete crust deposits on the moraine of Batura Glacier, northern Pakistan

Abstract   Calcretes can be observed on the surface of old moraines around Batura Glacier in the upper Hunza Valley, Karakoram Mountains, Pakistan. They develop as a calcareous crust cementing small gravels under boulders. In order to understand the genesis of the calcrete crust, a variety of methods were employed: (i) study of mineralogy and geochemistry of a calcrete crust precipitated on the lateral moraine using X-ray diffractometer and electron probe microanalysis; (ii) analysis of solute chemistry of surface water and ice bodies around the Batura Glacier; and (iii) accelerator mass spectrometry ¹⁴C dating of the crust itself. The results indicate that the calcrete crust has definite laminated layers composed of a fine-grain and compact calcite layer, and a mineral fragment layer. The chemical composition of the calcite layer is approximately 60% CaO and 1% MgO. The mineral fragment layer consists of rounded grain materials up to 0.2 mm in diameter. It shows a graded bedding structure with fine grains of quartz, albite and muscovite. Meanwhile, as the Paleozoic Pasu limestone is distributed around the terminal of Batura Glacier, Ca cations dissolve in the melt water of the glacier. Accordingly, the calcrete crust is precipitated by decreases in CO₂ partial pressure from glacier ice and evaporation of the melt water, including high concentration of Ca²⁺ at ephemeral streams and small ponds stagnating between the moraine and glacial ice. On the basis of the AMS ¹⁴C age, the calcrete is considered to have formed approximately 8200 calibrated years bp under the Batura glacial stage.     

辽西建昌盆地义县组上部英安岩的40Ar/39Ar年龄及其地质意义

建昌盆地义县组可分为两部分：下部以巨厚的沉积层为主,自下而上称为要路沟层、罗家沟层,局部地区沉积层之下有中基性火山岩;上部（罗家沟层之上）为酸性、中酸性火山岩系夹沉积层.罗家沟层与义县-北票地区尖山沟（砖城子）层可进行生物地层学对比.对义县组上部的一件英安岩样品进行40Ar/39Ar年代学研究,获得年龄为120 Ma,应与义县地区义县组顶部火山岩（金刚山层之上）对比.建昌地区义县组顶、底均可与义县地区大致对比.     

Age verification,growth and life history of rubyfish Plagiogeneion rubiginosum

Age verification of rubyfish (Plagiogeneion rubiginosum) was sought using the bomb radiocarbon chronometer procedure. Stable isotopes were investigated for life history characteristics. Radiocarbon (¹⁴C) and stable isotope (δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C) levels were measured in micro-samples from five otoliths that had been aged using a zone count method. All the core ¹⁴C measurements were ‘pre-bomb’ indicating ages of at least 45 years, and the ¹⁴C measurements across the otolith sections suggested that the zone-count ageing method described herein is not biased. Maximum estimated age was 100 years. There was no significant between-sex difference in the von Bertalanffy growth curves. The δ¹⁸O values indicated that rubyfish are near-surface as juveniles, and move deeper with age. Adults appear to reside in 600–1000 m; this is deeper than most trawl-capture data suggest, but not implausible, and has stock assessment implications. The δ¹³C values reflect fish metabolic rates, trophic feeding levels and oceanographic conditions. The stable isotopes record the environmental life history of each fish, and have value in distinguishing stocks and/or indicating vertical and latitudinal migratory patterns.     

内蒙古沙麦钨矿区高分异花岗岩独居石U-Pb定年及成矿意义

兴蒙造山带是中国北方重要的多金属成矿带,产出有一系列的钨多金属矿床。沙麦钨矿位于内蒙古二连浩特—东乌旗成矿带东侧,是兴蒙造山带发育的典型石英脉型钨矿床之一。通过对沙麦矿区出露的花岗岩开展独居石U-Pb测年,总结区域钨矿化的成矿年龄与矿化特征,探讨区域钨矿成矿时序及构造动力学背景。测年结果显示,沙麦矿区中细粒黑云母二长花岗岩、似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩LA-ICP-MS独居石U-Pb谐和年龄分别为(141.6±1.1) Ma和(141.4±0.3) Ma,进一步确认沙麦钨矿形成于早白垩世。而二连浩特—东乌旗成矿带及其邻区钨矿化存在晚石炭世—早二叠世、早白垩世两期,成矿时代分别发生于约300 Ma和140～130 Ma。300 Ma成矿期钨成矿作用受古亚洲洋的影响;140～130 Ma成矿期为区域钨矿成矿作用高峰期,成矿作用受到古太平洋和蒙古—鄂霍次克洋构造体系叠加作用的影响。     

黑龙江穆棱地区宝石级锆石成因探讨

利用基本的宝石学方法、紫外可见光分光光度计、红外光谱仪、激光拉曼探针和激光剥蚀等离子质谱技术(LA-ICP-MS)分析了黑龙江穆棱玄武岩风化冲积物中宝石级锆石的宝石学性质、谱学特征、包裹体特征、微量元素组成及U-Pb年龄。宝石学性质表明锆石为优质的、可直接加工利用的宝石原料;谱学特征显示锆石为未经历后期改造的高型岩浆锆石,且含有磷灰石、锆石和赤铁矿包裹体;LA-ICP-MS分析表明锆石具有明显的Ce正异常,富集重稀土元素[(Yb/Sm)N=21～63)]和HFSE元素,Th/U均大于1(1个数据例外);ΣREE较高,含量在1765×10-6～2374×10-6,与基性锆石相似;明显的Ce异常和赤铁矿包裹体说明锆石形成于氧化环境;根据Ti-in-Zircon地质温度计计算,锆石结晶的最低温度为646～737℃;U-Pb年龄为9.39±0.4Ma代表锆石的结晶年龄。基于本实验数据和前人研究成果,认为锆石巨晶形成于富集CO2的氧化环境并且与地幔的交代作用有关,是岩石圈减薄作用发展到一定阶段(衰退期)的产物。