Petrogenesis and tectonic setting of the Queershan composite granitic pluton,eastern Tibetan Plateau: Constraints from geochronology,geochemistry and Hf isotope data

The Queershan composite granitic pluton is located in the north of the late Paleozoic Yidun arc collision-orogenic belt, eastern Tibetan Plateau. The main rock types are coarse-grained porphyritic alkalic-monzonite granite with minor fine-grained porphyritic monzogranite and granodiorite distributed in the eastern and southwestern regions. Here we report their zircon U-Pb ages and geo- chemical data. The intrusive contact relations indicate that granodiorite was formed earlier than the alkalic-monzonite granite(105.9±1.3 Ma) and monzogranite(102.6±1.1 Ma). These suggest that the Queershan composite granitic pluton was formed through three-stage magmatic events. The alkalic-monzonite granite(105.9±1.3 Ma) and monzogranite(102.6±1.1 Ma) are characterized by high SiO2(73.5%–77.7%), K2O+Na2O(6.9%–8.5%), Ga/Al ratios(2.6–3.4) and low Al2O3(11.8%–14.5%), CaO(0.25%–1.5%), MgO(0.18%–0.69%), negative Ba, Sr and Eu anomalies, showing A-type granite affinities. The granodiorite exhibits lower SiO2, P2O5 and K2O+Na2O contents, but higher Al2O3, CaO and MgO contents than alkalic-monzonite granite and monzogranite, showing I-type granite affinity. 176Hf/177 Hf ratios of the alkalic-monzonite granite and the monzogranite are 0.282692–0.282749 and 0.282685–0.282765, respectively, and with similar ?Hf(t) values(?0.56 to 1.43 and ?0.87 to 1.90 respectively). They also present similar TDM2 model ages(1.04–1.22 and 1.07–1.2 Ga respectively), indicating they may be sourced from a similar rock source, mostly like Kangding Complex. The homogeneity of the Hf isotopic compositions and the absence of the MMEs demonstrate that little depleted mantle materials have contributed to the source. We propose that the Mesoproterozoic crust materials of the Yangtze Craton exist beneath the Yidun arc terrane and support it was a dismembered part of the Yangtze Craton. The A-type granites of Queershan composite granitic pluton are most probably related to the closure of the Bangong-Nujiang Tethys ocean.     

粤北桃村坝花岗岩锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学及成因研究

桃村坝花岗岩体位于粤北贵东复式花岗岩体中部。锆石U-Pb年龄为161.5±1.8 Ma (MSWD=1.7),属于燕山早期岩浆 活动产物。该岩体具有稍低的硅、富铝、富碱、钾大于钠、贫钙镁和高FeO*/MgO等特征。富集Rb,Th,U而亏损Ba, Sr,Ti和Nb;LREE富集(LREE/HREE=7.39~16.4, (La/Yb)N=8.79~25.5),Eu亏损较为明显(δEu=0.44~0.59);Ga/Al比值较高(平 均值为2.99),Zr+Nb+Ce+Y含量(平均为518×10-6)大于350×10-6,可归属于A2型花岗岩;εNd(t)值低,为-9.7~-8.95,Nd模式 年龄为1.66~1.76 Ga;锆石的εHf(t)值为-20.0~-14.6,相应的Hf模式年龄为2.12~2.46 Ga。综合以上特征表明桃村坝花岗岩是 在地壳伸展-减薄的构造背景下、由古元古代地壳组分部分熔融的方式形成。     

Recycled oceanic crust as a source for tonalite intrusions in the mantle section of the Khor Fakkan block,Semail ophiolite (UAE)

Several types of felsic granitoid rocks have been recognized, intrusive in both the mantle and the crustal sequence of the Semail ophiolite. Several models have been proposed for the source of this suite of tonalites, granodiorites, trondhjemites intrusions, however their genesis is still not clearly understood. The sampled Dadnah tonalites that intruded in the mantle section of the Semail ophiolite display arc-type geochemical characteristics, are high siliceous, low-potassic, metaluminous to weakly peraluminous, enriched in LILE, show positive peaks for Ba, Pb, Eu, negative troughs for U, Ti and occur with low δ¹⁸O_H2O, moderate ε_Sr and negative ε_Nd values. They have crystallized at temperatures that range from ∼550 °C to ∼720 °C and pressure ranging from 4.4 kbar to 6.5 kbar. The isotopic ages from our tonalite samples range between 98.6 Ma and 94.9 Ma, slightly older and overlapping with the age of the metamorphic sole. Our field observations, mineralogical, petrological, geochemical, isotopic and melt inclusion data suggest that the Dadnah tonalites formed by partial melting (∼10%–15% continuous or ∼12% batch partial melting), accumulation of plagioclase, fractional crystallization (∼55%–57%), and interaction with their host harzburgites. These tonalites were the end result of partial melting and subsequent contamination and mixing of ∼4% oceanic sediments with ∼96% oceanic lithosphere from the subducted slab. This MORB-type slab melt composed from ∼97% recycled oceanic crust and ∼3% of the overlying mantle.We suggest that a possible protolith for these tonalites was the basaltic lavas from the subducted oceanic slab that melted during the initial stages of the supra-subduction zone (SSZ), which was forming synchronously to the spreading ridge axis. The tonalite melts mildly modified due to low degree of mixing and interaction with the overlying lithospheric mantle. Subsequently, the Dadnah tonalites emplaced at the upper part of the mantle sequence of the Semail ophiolite and are geochemically distinct from the other mantle intrusive felsic granitoids to the south.     

Stenian A-type granitoids in the Namaqua-Natal Belt,southern Africa,Maud Belt,Antarctica and Nampula Terrane,Mozambique:Rodinia and Gondwana amalgamation implications

We carried out SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating on A-type granitic intrusions from the Namaqua-Natal Province,South Africa,Sverdrupfjella,western Dronning Maud Land,Antarctica and the Nampula Province of northern Mozambique.Zircon grains in these granitic rocks are typically elongated and oscillatory zoned,suggesting magmatic origins.Zircons from the granitoid intrusions analyzed in this study suggest~1025-1100 Ma ages,which confirm widespread Mesoproterozoic A-type granitic magmatism in the Namaqua-Natal(South Africa),Maud(Antarctica) and Mozambique metamorphic terrains.No older inherited(e.g.,~2500 Ma Achean basement or~1200 Ma island are magmatism in northern Natal)zircon grains were seen.Four plutons from the Natal Belt(Mvoti Pluton,Glendale Pluton,Kwalembe Pluton,Ntimbankulu Pluton) display 1050-1040 Ma ages,whereas the Nthlimbitwa Pluton in northern Natal indicates older 1090-1080 Ma ages.A sample from Sverdrupfjella,Antarctica has~1091 Ma old zircons along with~530 Ma metamorphic rims.Similarly,four samples analysed from the Nampula Province of Mozambique suggest crystallization ages of~1060-1090 Ma but also show significant discordance with two samples showing younger~550 Ma overgrowths.None of the Natal samples show any younger overgrowths.A single sample from southwestern Namaqualand yielded an age of~1033 Ma.Currently available chronological data suggest magmatism took place in the Namaqua-Natal-MaudMozambique(NNMM) belt between~1025 Ma and~1100 Ma with two broad phases between~1060-1020 Ma and 1100-1070 Ma respectively,with peaks at between~1030-1040 Ma and~1070-1090 Ma.The age data from the granitic intrusions from Namaqualand.combined with those from Natal,Antarctica and Mozambique suggest a crude spatial-age relationship with the older1070 Ma ages being largely restricted close to the eastern and western margins of the Kalahari Craton in northern Natal,Mozambique.Namaqualand and WDML Antarctica whereas the younger 1060 Ma ages dominate in southern Natal and western Namaqualand and are largely restricted to the southern and possibly the western margins of the Kalahari Craton.The older ages of magmatism partially overlap with or are marginally younger than the intracratonic Mkondo Large lgneous Provinee intruded into or extruded onto the Kalahari Craton,suggesting a tectonic relationship with the Maud Belt.Similar ages from granitic augen gneisses in Sri Lanka suggest a continuous belt stretching from Namaqualand to Sri Lanka in a reconstituted Gondwana,formed during the terminal stages of amalgamation of Rodinia and predating the East African Orogen.This contiguity contributes to defining the extent of Rodinia-age crustal blocks,subsequently fragmented by the dispersal of Rodinia and Gondwana.     

Petrogenesis and tectonic implications of late Mesozoic granitoids in southern Anhui Province,southeastern China

Late Mesozoic granitoids are widely distributed in southern Anhui Province, southeastern China, which also contains significant W–Mo–Cu mineralization. This study presents new geochronological and geochemical data that reveal the petrogenesis and tectonic affinity of the granitoids in this region. These granitoids can be divided into a high-K calc-alkaline and peraluminous I-type granodiorites, and an alkaline and metaluminous A-type granites, with zircon U–Pb dating indicating that they formed at 150–138 and 133–124 Ma, respectively. The early stage I-type granodiorites are adakitic, enriched in the light rare earth elements, and depleted in Nb, Ta, P, and Ti. They have negative zircon ε_Hf(t) values (–19.8 to –2.5) that correspond to Hf crustal model ages of 2.4–1.4 Ga. These early stage granodiorites were derived from partial melting of thickened Palaeoproterozoic–Mesoproterozoic lower crust. The late-stage A-type granites with strong depletion in Sr, P, and Ti, contain higher Zr, Y, and Yb contents, higher zircon ε_Hf(t) values (–1.5 to +2.1), and younger zircon Hf model ages (1.1–1.3 Ga) than the early stage granodiorites. The geochemistry of these A-type granites indicates they were likely generated by the reworking of Mesoproterozoic to Neoproterozoic juvenile crustal material that experienced the fractional crystallization of plagioclase and accessory minerals. Combining these data with other geological data from the study area indicates that the early stage granodiorites formed in a continental arc setting, whereas the late-stage granites formed in an extensional setting associated with roll-back of the subducted Palaeo-Pacific slab. The results indicate that zircon Ce⁴⁺/Ce³⁺ value can provide useful insight into oxygen fugacity conditions during magmatism.     

The earliest Jurassic A-type granite in the Nanling Range of southeastern South China: petrogenesis and geological implications

The tectonic transition from the palaeo-Tethyan to palaeo-Pacific dynamic domains in the South China Block (SCB) is still a matter of debate. The A-type granites collected from the southeastern SCB offered an opportunity to illustrate this tectonic transition. This article records a set of petrographic, geochronological, and geochemical data for the Wengong granitic pluton from the eastern Nanling Range. LA-ICP-MS zircon U–Pb dating shows a crystallization age of 196.9 ± 4.4 Ma with ε_Hf(t) values ranging from +2.1 to +7.7. The samples have high SiO₂, Zr+Nb+Ce+Y, FeOt/MgO, Ga/Al, and Y/Nb and are depleted in Nb–Ta, Zr–Hf, Ba, Sr, Ti, and Eu, similar to those of the A₂-type granite. Their initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios range from 0.70885 to 0.70983 and the ε_Nd(t) values range from ?2.9 to ?1.1, close to those of the Early Palaeozoic mafic rocks in the southeastern SCB. The Wengong A₂-type granite was derived from partial melting of the mafic rocks underplated into the lower crust during the Early Palaeozoic.

The Mesozoic A-type granites in the southeastern SCB can be subdivided into 229–215 Ma (Late Triassic), 197–152 Ma (Jurassic), and 135–92 Ma (Cretaceous). They differ in geochemical and spatial distribution characteristics. The Late Triassic A-type granites were formed in the post-collision extensional setting associated with the palaeo-Tethyan dynamic domain, whereas the Cretaceous A-type granites were under the control of the palaeo-Pacific dynamic domain. The A-type granites were hardly exposed during the Late Triassic–Early Jurassic and Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous. The Jurassic A-type granites were formed in the intra-plate extensional setting, a response to the tectonic transition from the palaeo-Tethyan to palaeo-Pacific dynamic domains. Thus, the occurrence of the Wengong A₂-type granite indicates that this tectonic transition possibly initiated at the earliest Early Jurassic.     

义敦岛弧带晚白垩世海子山二长花岗岩成因及其地质意义

义敦岛弧是三江特提斯复合造山带的重要组成部分。文章对义敦岛弧海子山花岗岩体进行锆石U-Pb年代学、全岩地 球化学及Sr-Nd-Pb同位素地球化学进行分析,探讨其成因与构造意义。海子山花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄为93.7±1.1 Ma（MSWD= 2.1, 2σ）,为晚白垩世早期岩浆活动产物,岩石具高硅、富碱的特征,铝饱和指数A/CNK=1.04~1.12,属于弱过铝质岩石。 稀土配分曲线呈燕式分布,Eu/Eu*=0.05~0.32,具有明显的Eu负异常。富集Rb、Th、U、Ta、Pb等元素,明显亏损Ba和 Sr,表现出A型花岗岩的特征。岩石的εNd(t)=–4.8~-3.4,二阶段模式年龄TDM2= 0.91~1.00 Ga,结合岩石的Pb同位素特征及 低的CaO/Na2O比值与高的Al2O3/TiO2比值,说明其应起源于泥质岩石的部分熔融并有少量地幔组分加入。综合地球化学、 同位素特征及义敦岛弧地区构造资料,表明海子山花岗岩是造山后伸展背景下形成的A型花岗岩,为地壳拉张、减薄,软 流圈地幔上涌引起中上地壳泥质岩部分熔融的产物,具有壳幔物质混合的特征。     

滇西来利山花岗岩年代学、地球化学特征及其壳源部分熔融成因

与锡矿有关的花岗岩成因一直是地学界关注的焦点。来利山花岗岩位于云南省腾冲—梁河地区(花岗岩带上),构造上属于腾梁花岗岩带。该花岗岩带总体呈北北东向带状展布,构成冈底斯的南延部分。来利山岩体主要由似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩和中粗粒黑云母正长花岗岩组成。本次工作在前人研究的基础上对来利山花岗岩进行了岩石学、地球化学和年代学研究,获得二长花岗岩(14L-4)锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄为(52.34±0.68)Ma(MSWD=1.4,n=26)。地球化学数据显示二长花岗岩相对富铝(Al2O3=14.70%~15.27%)、碱(K2O+Na2O=8.07%~8.50%)、钙(Ca O=1.64%~2.56%)、REE、Ba。铝饱和度(A/CNK)为0.97~1.12,平均为1.04,属偏铝质到弱过铝质岩石。正长花岗岩相对富硅(Si O2=74.57%~76.69%)、Rb,强烈亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti、Eu,铝饱和度(A/CNK)为1.05~1.18,平均为1.09,属弱过铝质岩石。两类花岗岩系同源岩浆于不同阶段侵位形成,二者在矿物学、地球化学、年代学等方面表现出良好的演化关系,均显示S型花岗岩的特征。其形成与印度大陆和亚洲大陆碰撞过程中地壳物质部分熔融有关。     

西准噶尔北部比图岩体的地球化学特征及构造环境

选择西准噶尔北部晚志留世比图岩体进行系统的岩石学、地球化学特征研究,揭示其岩石成因及形成的大地构造环境。比图岩体岩性以钾长花岗岩为主,边部为碱性花岗岩、正长岩和闪长岩。钾长花岗岩和正长岩贫Mg O(0.3%~0.5%)、CaO(0.8%~1.1%),稀土含量高(105~204μg/g),Eu异常明显,属于碱性高分异I型花岗岩;碱性花岗岩富碱(6.8%)、贫Al_2O_3(9.9%),稀土含量较高(271μg/g),极度亏损Sr、Ba、Eu,属于典型的A型花岗岩。闪长岩富MgO(4.1%)和CaO(7.5%),稀土含量较高(93μg/g),属于高钾钙碱性系列,源自富水地幔的部分熔融。岩体地球化学特征表明比图钾长花岗岩、碱性花岗岩、正长岩均是新生地壳部分熔融之后不同程度结晶分异的产物;比图岩体的各种岩性普遍具有富碱、轻稀土和大离子亲石元素(Rb、K),弱亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta)的地球化学特征,形成于后碰撞的伸展环境。     

西天山晚石炭世岩浆混合花岗岩的确定及其地质意义——来自玉奇布拉克和乌图精河岩体的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄和岩石地球化学证据

西天山博罗科努地区的玉奇布拉克和乌图精河岩体中发育大量暗色闪长质包体,包体发育矿物相互包裹的嵌晶及岩浆冷凝矿物不平衡结构,同时出现淬冷形成的针状磷灰石,指示岩体形成过程经历了二元岩浆的混合作用。包体较寄主花岗岩有明显低的SiO_2、K_2O,高CaO、FeO~T和MgO,但二者的微量元素高度一致,相对富集Rb、Th、U、K等LILE,贫HFSE,亏损Sr、Nb、Ta、P和Ti等元素,为二元岩浆混合作用所致。经LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,两个岩体寄主花岗岩和包体分别获得301 Ma、308 Ma和303 Ma、298 Ma的形成年龄,指示同期不同源岩浆活动并存。寄主花岗岩的ε_(Hf)(t)值分别为+4.20~+8.33和+4.97~+7.0;Hf陆壳模式年龄T C_(DM)为782~1045 Ma和863~998 Ma,揭示它们主要源自新元古代早期陆壳物质。包体的εHf(t)值分别为+2.75~+6.41和+4.63~+7.92,与区域上同期基性岩脉正的εHf(t)和εNd(t)值相当。结合区域上同期花岗岩类高ε_(Hf)(t)和ε_(Nd)(t)、中等n(~(87)Sr)/n(~(86)Sr)推断,该期花岗岩是新元古代早期陆壳物质部分熔融的岩浆与被消减带组分改造的略亏损岩石圈地幔岩浆混合作用的结果,并构成由晚石炭世高钾钙碱性花岗岩向早二叠世富钾花岗岩/或A型花岗岩转换的岩浆演化系列,表明晚石炭世—早二叠世期间西天山造山带转入后碰撞晚期向伸展转化的构造环境。陆壳伸展导致幔源基性岩浆上侵,诱发陆壳部分熔融产生壳源岩浆,二者混合形成晚古生代以来西天山最为广泛的花岗岩浆活动,成为区内一次重要的地壳垂向增生事件。