Seismic design of space steel frames using advanced methods of analysis

A rational and efficient seismic design methodology for regular space steel frames using an advanced time domain finite element method of analysis that takes into account geometrical and material nonlinearities is presented. Seismic loads are applied in the form of Eurocode 8 spectrum compatible real accelerograms along the two horizontal directions of the frame. The iterative design procedure starts with assumed member sections, continues with the response checks for the damage, ultimate and service limit states and ends with the adjustment of member sizes so as all the response checks to be satisfied for all limit states. Thus, the proposed design method deals with nonlinearities and member interactions at the global level and consequently separate member capacity checks through the interaction equations of Eurocode 3 or the usage of the conservative and crude q-factor of Eurocode 8 are not required. Two numerical examples dealing with the design of (a) a space three storey steel frame with one bay in both horizontal directions and (b) a space seven storey steel frame with two and three bays along its two horizontal directions are presented to illustrate the method and demonstrate its advantages.     

四川汶川8．0级地震山西数字强震动记录特征与分析

对2008年5月12日四川汶川8．0级地震,山西数字强震动台网27个台的地震加速度记录,进行了处理和分析,包括对加速度波形数据的基线校正,滤波,加速度傅立叶和反应谱计算,以及速度和位移计算。结果表明：局部场地的介质特性对地震动特征有相当大的影响,较厚的覆盖土层对较长周期的地震波有明显的放大作用。厚覆盖土层场地的强震动观测对自振周期较长建筑物的抗震设计具有重要的意义。     

Seismic response of a RC frame building designed according to old and modern practices

In the paper the seismic response of different variants of the three-story reinforced concrete frame structure SPEAR is compared. The basic structure is representative of building practice before the adoption of seismic codes. This structure has been compared with four modified variants, which were designed partly or completely in accordance with the Eurocode family of standards. For seismic assessment the practice-oriented nonlinear N2 method was used. The results demonstrate the low seismic resistance of buildings designed for gravity loads only. On the other hand, the advantages of new standards are clearly apparent. By taking into account the requirements of Eurocode 8 it is possible to ensure adequate strength, stiffness and ductility. By means of capacity design it is possible to ensure a global plastic mechanism. All these characteristics contribute to the high seismic resistance of structures designed according to Eurocode 8 and to their satisfactory behaviour during earthquakes.     

鄂尔多斯盆地合水地区长8储层成岩作用与有利成岩相带

综合运用物性分析、高压压汞、铸体薄片、电镜扫描技术对鄂尔多斯盆地合水地区长8储层的成岩作用及有利成岩相带进行了分析研究。结果表明：研究区长8储层物性较差,孔喉整体细小,岩性以细-中粒长石岩屑砂岩为主,碎屑成分复杂,成分成熟度低,结构成熟度低到中等。压实作用使储集层的原始孔隙空间损失,胶结作用不仅破坏了部分原生孔隙,而且使部分次生溶孔遭到破坏,溶解作用使储层物性得到了改善。依据成岩作用对物性的影响,划分出5种成岩相,优质储层与成岩相的关系密切,绿泥石胶结-长石溶蚀相物性、含油性最好,绿泥石胶结相次之,它们成为储层发育的有利成岩相带。     

Electrical imaging of sliding geometry and fluids associated with a deep seated landslide (La Clapière,France)

This paper deals with the applicability of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) for the recognition of large landslide structures at depths, which have never previously been imaged accurately. One of the most studied and instrumented deep landslides in Europe is taken as an example: the La Clapière landslide. The first stage of the study consisted of an accurate geological mapping taking into account a morphological analysis of gravitational deformations. This allowed a very fine definition of the landslide structure, that could be compared with three provided ERT profiles performed within the landslide body. Very good correlations were obtained for the determination of sub‐horizontal structures and associated fluid circulations. It confirmed the position of the sliding surface that reached a maximum depth of 100 m. Forward computing was however necessary to determine the influence and then the presence of vertical discontinuities. It supports the use of ERT as an efficient tool for large scale landslide imaging, such as deep seated landslides. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

镇泾油田长8与长6油层组产能影响因素分析

通过岩芯观察描述、铸体薄片鉴定、毛细管压力分析以及扫描电镜等分析测试手段,结合测井解释成果,分析了镇泾油田长6与长8油层组油井产能的差异及其影响因素。结果表明:沉积相带、储层微观特征、裂缝发育程度、封盖条件以及储层伤害等是决定镇泾油田油井产量的关键因素。因此,在镇泾油田长8和长6油层组开发过程中,应根据不同沉积相带及其储层特征的差异,从改进油井施工工艺等方面入手,调整开发方案,改善储层的渗流能力,从而提高油井的产能。     

Seismic collapse risk of precast industrial buildings with strong connections

A systematic seismic risk study has been performed on some typical precast industrial buildings that consists of assemblages of cantilever columns with high shear‐span ratios connected to an essentially rigid roof system with strong pinned connections. These buildings were designed according to the requirements of Eurocode 8. The numerical models and procedures were modified in order to address the particular characteristics of the analyzed system. They were also verified by pseudo‐dynamic and cyclic tests of full‐scale large buildings. The intensity measure (IM)‐based solution strategy described in the PEER methodology was used to estimate the seismic collapse risk in terms of peak ground acceleration capacity and the probability of exceeding the global collapse limit state. The effect of the uncertainty in the model parameters on the dispersion of collapse capacity was investigated in depth. Reasonable seismic safety (as proposed by the Joint Committee on Structural Safety) was demonstrated for all the regular single‐storey precast industrial buildings addressed in this study. However, if the flexural strength required by EC8 was exactly matched, and the additional strength, which results from minimum longitudinal reinforcement, was disregarded as well as large dispersion in records was considered, the seismic risk might in some cases exceed the acceptable limits. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

东营凹陷永8地区沙三段沉积体系研究

综合运用岩心、测井、录井、地震、古生物等资料,对东营凹陷永8地区沙三段进行层序地层划分和沉积相研究。将沙三段划分为上、中、下3个长期旋回,进一步将沙三上亚段和沙三中亚段各分为4个短期旋回,沙三下亚段分为2个短期旋回。古近纪沙三期主要发育2种沉积相类型,即三角洲、半深湖-深湖相。对研究区沉积相的演化特征分析表明,构造位置、古地貌和物源方向对沉积相具有重要的控制作用。研究区沙三段发育了前三角洲-三角洲前缘-三角洲平原-河流相-浅湖亚相纵向演化序列,沉积体系在纵向上表现为湖泊-河流-湖泊体系的分布特点,具有明显的周期性纵向演化特征。在平面上,河流、三角洲从东向西逐渐推进。通过对该地区的沉积体系研究,为储层评价及油气勘探起到指导作用。     

鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组长8段液化柱及相关软沉积物变形

笔者在鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组长8段的岩芯中首次识别出液化柱变形构造,本文从三维空间研究其宏观与微观特征。赋存液化柱的长8段的多个层位的岩芯中均发现有软沉积物变形构造,如液化流动变形、水塑性变形及脆性变形等,广泛分布于盆地不同地区的钻井岩芯中,并在垂向上重复出现。结合长8段的沉积环境和构造背景分析,笔者认为长8段的液化柱与软沉积物变形系地震触发。晚三叠世鄂尔多斯盆地以南秦岭地震造山运动与盆地沉陷是长8段软沉积物变形的构造背景。根据地震触发软沉积物变形构造的时空分布,鄂尔多斯盆地在长8段沉积的地质时期已受控于秦岭造山带动力机制的控制,而不是传统认为的仅在长8段沉积末期。     

Landsat8 OLI图像增强与岩性识别方法

新疆维吾尔自治区阿克陶县布伦口地区海拔高、穿越条件差、岩性复杂,因而研究Landsat8 OLI数据信息增强与岩性识别在该区有强大的应用需求,也有遥感岩性识别的理论意义。区内不同岩性单元光谱较为相似,仅利用最佳波段组合(OIF)指数、主成分分析(PCA)和独立主成分分析(ICA)等图像增强方法均不能最大限度地区分各岩性单元。通过分析独立主成分变换之后各岩性单元的特征向量,发现不同岩性单元特征向量差异比原图像光谱差异增大,为扩大差异,依据特征向量统计结果构建比值运算,再联合PCA特征向量进行彩色合成,各岩性单元可识别性显著增加。研究表明:(1)采用联合多种图像增强的方法能将研究区不同岩性单元进行分离;(2)国道314南北两侧地层均划归布伦阔勒岩群的结论有误,其北侧仍属布伦阔岩石,南侧实为片麻状二长花岗岩;(3)沙湖南东原划归志留纪的岩石单元可进一步分解为志留纪地层和元古代布伦阔勒岩群岩石单元。该方法有推广应用价值和深化研究的前景。