Magma Genesis and Mantle Dynamics at the Harrat Ash Shamah Volcanic Field (Southern Syria)

A geochemical and petrological study of Miocene to recent alkalibasalts, basanites, hawaiites, mugearites, trachytes, and phonoliteserupted within the Harrat Ash Shamah volcanic field was performedto reconstruct the magmatic evolution of southern Syria. Themajor element composition of the investigated lavas is mainlycontrolled by fractional crystallization of olivine, clinopyroxene,± Fe–Ti oxides and ± apatite; feldspar fractionationis restricted to the most evolved lavas. Na₂O and SiO₂ variationswithin uncontaminated, primitive lavas as well as variably fractionatedheavy rare earth element ratios suggest a formation by variabledegrees of partial melting of different garnet peridotite sourcestriggered, probably, by changes in mantle temperature. The isotopicrange as well as the variable trace element enrichment observedin the lavas imply derivation from both a volatile- and incompatibleelement-enriched asthenosphere and from a plume component. Inaddition, some lavas have been affected by crustal contamination.This effect is most prominent in evolved lavas older than 3·5Ma, which assimilated 30–40% of crustal material. In general,the periodicity of volcanism in conjunction with temporal changesin lava composition and melting regime suggest that the Syrianvolcanism was triggered by a pulsing mantle plume located underneathnorthwestern Arabia. KEY WORDS: ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages; intraplate volcanism; mantle plume; partial melting; Syria     

青海省治多县查涌铜多金属矿床成矿年代学研究

三江"成矿带为我国重要的多金属成矿带,带内中北段玉树多彩矿集区发育多种类型的铜多金属矿床,资源潜力巨大,但成矿年龄不详,严重制约了对矿床和区域成矿规律的理解。因此,本次工作选取矿集区西北部查涌铜多金属矿床为研究对象,在详细地质踏勘的基础上,对其成矿年代进行了系统研究,以期填补该地区此类型矿床成矿年龄的空白。研究表明,查涌铜多金属矿床分别发育Cu-Mo矿体和Pb-Zn矿体,Cu-Mo矿体赋存在变质粉砂岩内,形成于石英硫化物阶段。角岩化砂岩中黑云母Mg-(Al^Ⅵ+Fe^3++Ti)-(Fe^2++Mn)的投图具镁质黑云母特征,Al2O3/Ti O2值介于6.359~10.087之间,Fe^2+/(Fe^2++Mg)值均一,为热液成因,且未受后期流体改造,40Ar-^39Ar同位素定年获得黑云母封闭年龄为129.59±1.58 Ma。穿切黄铜矿的辉钼矿Re含量为0.864×10^-6~9.624×10^-6,具壳源属性,其Re-Os同位素等时线年龄为124.75±0.86 Ma。热液黑云母与较晚的辉钼矿年龄相近,应为同期岩浆热液事件的产物。本次研究精确厘定了"三江"带中北段内一例典型的与岩浆热液成矿作用相关铜多金属矿床的成矿年龄,揭示出早白垩世的一期成矿事件,为"三江"成矿带的成矿规律总结和勘查找矿指明了新的方向。     

东南极拉斯曼丘陵石榴斜长角闪岩中角闪石的~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar年龄及其地质意义

本文对东南极拉斯曼丘陵出露的石榴斜长角闪岩中的角闪石进行了４０Ａｒ－３９Ａｒ年龄测定,分别得到角闪石视年龄１５８６Ｍａ、１０１１～１０８０Ｍａ、７６１Ｍａ和５２９～５８２Ｍａ,角闪石坪年龄１０３６Ｍａ和５５４Ｍａ,角闪石Ａｒ－Ａｒ等时线年龄１０１０Ｍａ,这些同位素年龄证据,首次完整地记录了该区所经历的几乎所有构造变质热事件,为近几年国内外地质学家关于该区构造变质热事件争论的焦点问题,即晚元古代的１０００Ｍａ格林维尔事件（Ｇｒｅｎｖｉｌｉａｎ）与早古生代的５００Ｍａ泛非事件（Ｐａｎ－Ａｆｒｉｃａｎ）孰轻孰重以及前者是否存在,提供了答案。角闪石的４０Ａｒ－３９Ａｒ年龄测定结果表明,拉斯曼丘陵地区经历了复杂的多期变质演化历史,其原岩可能形成于早－中元古代,占主导地位的应该是晚元古代的１０００Ｍａ格林维尔事件,而５００Ｍａ泛非事件则是晚期较强烈的变质热事件。     

东川汤丹铜矿床石英真空击碎及其粉末阶段加热^40Ar—^39Ar年龄谱的含义

采用真空击碎技术提取东川汤丹铜矿床石英流体包裹体进行40Ar-39Ar法年龄测定,获得了逐渐下降的阶梯形年龄谱,表明流体包裹体含有过剩氩;数据点在40Ar／36Ar-39Ar／36Ar图解上构成等时线,等时线年龄为（712±33）Ma,代表了矿床的形成年龄。随后对其粉末进行40Ar-39Ar阶段加热（100—800℃）分析,形成相对比较平坦的年龄谱,坪年龄为（317±6）Ma（39Ar占45％,含真空击碎分析在内）,粉末加热分析全部数据点构成的等时线年龄为（321±13）Ma。电子探针分析和显微镜观察证实了该石英样品中含有粒径大于100μm,K2O含量为8％-10％,形成时间明显晚于石英的白云母类富钾矿物,粉末阶段加热分析结果表明～320Ma应为后期白云母类矿物的年龄。     

江西德兴西湾钠长花岗岩的激光质谱~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar等时年龄

对采自江西德兴西湾钠长花岗岩的样品进行了激光质谱４０Ａｒ／３９Ａｒ年龄测定,得到等时年龄为（９２７９±１８６）Ｍａ。该年龄代表了赣东北蛇绿岩套中浅色侵入体部分的钠长花岗岩冷却到３５０℃左右时的结晶年龄,把它作为该蛇绿岩套形成时代的上限。结合近年来已经发表的有关该区蛇绿岩套的ＳｍＮｄ、ＵＰｂ和４０Ａｒ／３９Ａｒ同位素年龄数据,本文就该蛇绿岩套的形成年龄和构造侵位年龄进行了讨论。     

A method of searching for radial velocity anomalies in the lower mantle using interfering signals

Radial velocity anomalies in the lower mantle that give rise to triplications in the travel-time curve for short-periodP waves will produce arrivals havingdT/d40u21502m278/xxlarge916.gif" alt="Delta" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0"> values that differe by roughly 0.2–0.5 s/deg. The first two arrivals associated with such triplications will be separated by less than one second over a distance range of 4°–10° they may not, therefore, be separable visually on single seismograms, so that their presence can only be inferred from some measurable property that depends on their mutual interference. If there are lateral variations in the regions of anomalous velocity gradients, the interfering signals will also have different azimuths of arrival. Using two synthetic wavelets we have investigated the effect of interference on bothdT/d40u21502m278/xxlarge916.gif" alt="Delta" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0"> and azimuth measurements at the Yellowknife Array. We found that if the interfering pulses have a dominant frequencyv, there is a range of time separations (0.30/v40u21502m278/xxlarge8594.gif" alt="rarr" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">0.55/v) over which the measureddT/d40u21502m278/xxlarge916.gif" alt="Delta" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0"> and azimuth values may fluctuate by much more than the differences indT/d40u21502m278/xxlarge916.gif" alt="Delta" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0"> and azimuth between the interfering signals. We have evaluated the following empirically defined functions for three different primary signals, and for three different relative amplitudes of the interfering signals:f _{40u21502m278/xxlarge964.gif" alt="tau" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">}(t), the drift function, which expresses how the measured slownesses,p, and azimuths, 40u21502m278/xxlarge981.gif" alt="phiv" align="MIDDLE" BORDER="0">, differ from the slownesses and azimuths of the primary wavelets; 40u21502m278/xxlarge916.gif" alt="Delta" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">f(40u21502m278/xxlarge964.gif" alt="tau" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">), the range function, which describes the behaviour of the upper and lower bounds ofp and 40u21502m278/xxlarge981.gif" alt="phiv" align="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"> as a function of the difference in arrival times of the signals, 40u21502m278/xxlarge964.gif" alt="tau" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0"> andf _{40u21502m278/xxlarge8242.gif" alt="prime" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">} ^{40u21502m278/xxlarge964.gif" alt="tau" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">} , studied the properties of these functions, and have outlined how these properties provide criteria based on the numerical and statistical characteristics of the arrival vectors, and on the waveform of the signal that will enable small radial velocity anomalies to be more clearly delineated.Contribution No. 863 from the Earth Physics Branch.     

Late Cretaceous blueschist facies metamorphism in southern Thrace (Turkey) and its geodynamic implications

A blueschist facies tectonic sliver, 9 km long and 1 km wide, crops out within the Miocene clastic rocks bounded by the strands of the North Anatolian Fault zone in southern Thrace, NW Turkey. Two types of blueschist facies rock assemblages occur in the sliver: (i) A serpentinite body with numerous dykes of incipient blueschist facies metadiabase (ii) a well‐foliated and thoroughly recrystallized rock assemblage consisting of blueschist, marble and metachert. Both are partially enveloped by an Upper Eocene wildflysch, which includes olistoliths of serpentinite–metadiabase, Upper Cretaceous and Palaeogene pelagic limestone, Upper Eocene reefal limestone, radiolarian chert, quartzite and minor greenschist. Field relations in combination with the bore core data suggest that the tectonic sliver forms a positive flower structure within the Miocene clastic rocks in a transpressional strike–slip setting, and represents an uplifted part of the pre‐Eocene basement. The blueschists are represented by lawsonite–glaucophane‐bearing assemblages equilibrated at 270–310 °C and ～0.8 GPa. The metadiabase dykes in the serpentinite, on the other hand, are represented by pumpellyite–glaucophane–lawsonite‐assemblages that most probably equilibrated below 290 °C and at 0.75 GPa. One metadiabase olistolith in the Upper Eocene flysch sequence contains the mineral assemblage epidote + pumpellyite + glaucophane, recording P–T conditions of 290–350 °C and 0.65–0.78 GPa, indicative of slightly lower depths and different thermal setting. Timing of the blueschist facies metamorphism is constrained to c. 86 Ma (Coniacian/Santonian) by Rb–Sr phengite–whole rock and incremental ⁴⁰Ar–³⁹Ar phengite dating on blueschists. The activity of the strike–slip fault post‐dates the blueschist facies metamorphism and exhumation, and is only responsible for the present outcrop pattern and post‐Miocene exhumation (～2 km). The high‐P/T metamorphic rocks of southern Thrace and the Biga Peninsula are located to the southeast of the Circum Rhodope Belt and indicate Late Cretaceous subduction and accretion under the northern continent, i.e. the Rhodope Massif, enveloped by the Circum Rhodope Belt. The Late Cretaceous is therefore a time of continued accretionary growth of this continental domain.     

基于DBBC＋Mark5B记录系统的脉冲星观测

2009年11月,云南天文台射电天文研究团组采用40m射电望远镜以及基于DBBC（Digital Base Band Conveter）和Mark5B的VLBI记录系统对PSRJ08354510和PSRJ0332＋5434进行了观测。观测选用S波段右旋圆极化信号,起始频率为2206．99MHz,总带宽为32MHz。对数据进行相干消色散和平均后,得到PSRJ0332＋5434的单脉冲图像和两颗脉冲星的平均脉冲轮廓。由平均轮廓的展宽随时间的变化关系,对脉冲星的视周期作了一定修正后,得到信噪比更高的平均轮廓图。最后对轮廓的信噪比随时间的变化作了初步分析,由此可了解整个系统在观测时的稳定性。     

北大巴山逆冲推覆构造带前缘构造特征及变形年代学研究

在北大巴山推覆构造带前缘,北—北东倾斜的城口断裂和南—南西倾斜的高桥断裂形成一背冲式逆冲推覆体系,以两断层为界,其间为一巨型冲起构造。该冲起构造因边界断裂的产状特征、活动强度沿走向的差异,而表现出明显的分段性:其北西段为双向逆冲的"正花状"结构;而南东段为反向逆冲为主的"半花状"结构。同构造低温变质绢云母40Ar-39Ar年龄显示,城口断裂在燕山期(约143.3Ma)存在一次强烈的构造活动,导致北大巴构造带进一步逆冲扩展和强烈隆升。在逆冲-推覆向前扩展过程中,受锋缘外侧阻抗的影响,沿前缘部位形成一系列反向逆冲断层,从而形成巨型冲起构造。