面向三维地质建模的领域本体逻辑结构与构建方法

结合三维地质建模的应用,分析面向三维地质建模的领域本体的组成和层次结构.结合地质语义的特点,提出突出概念间关系的五元组逻辑结构和基于迭代思想的构建方法.该逻辑结构由概念、概念间语义关系、概念间层次关系、属性和实例组成.基于迭代思想的构建方法分为需求分析、领域共享词语的字典库构建、本体表示、本体集成和本体评估等步骤.以OWL语言描述工具,结合正断层本体实例探讨了面向三维地质建模领域本体逻辑结构的描述和构建方法.     

Time‐series high‐resolution spectroscopy and photometry of ε Aurigae from 2006–2013: Another brick in the wall

We present continuous and time‐resolved R = 55 000 optical échelle spectroscopy of ε Aurigae from 2006–2013. Data were taken with the STELLA Echelle Spectrograph of the robotic STELLA facility at the Observatorio del Teide in Tenerife. Contemporaneous photometry with the Automatic Photoelectric Telescopes at Fairborn Observatory in Arizona is presented for the years 1996–2013. Spectroscopic observations started three years prior to the photometric eclipse and are still ongoing. A total of 474 high‐resolution échelle spectra are analyzed and made available in this paper. We identify 368 absorption lines of which 161 lines show the characteristic sharp disk lines during eclipse. Another 207 spectral lines appeared nearly unaffected by the eclipse. From spectrum synthesis, we obtained the supergiant atmospheric parameters T_eff = 7395 ± 70 K, log g ≈ 1, and [Fe/H] = +0.02 ± 0.2 with ξ_t = 9 km s^–1, ζ_RT = 13 km s^–1, and v sin i = 28 ± 3 km s^–1. The residual average line broadening expressed in km s^–1 varies with a period of 62.6 ± 0.7 d, in particular at egress and after the eclipse. Two‐dimensional line‐profile periodograms show several periods, the strongest with ≈110 d evident in optically thin lines as well as in the Balmer lines. Center‐of‐intensity weighted radial velocities of individual spectral lines also show the 110‐d period but, again, additional shorter and longer periods are evident and are different in the Balmer lines. The two main spectroscopic Hα periods, ≈ 116 d from the line core and ≈ 150 d from the center‐of‐intensity radial velocities, appear at 102 d and 139 d in the photometry. The Hβ and Johnson V I photometry on the other hand shows two well‐defined and phase‐coherent periods of 77 d and 132 d. We conclude that Hα is contaminated by changes in the circumstellar environment while the Hβ and V I photometry stems predominantly from the non radial pulsations of the F0 supergiant. We isolate the disk‐rotation profile from 61 absorption lines and found that low disk eccentricity generally relates to low disk rotational velocity (but not always) while high disk eccentricity always relates to high velocity. There is also the general trend that the disk‐absorption in spectral lines with higher excitation potential comes from disk regions with higher eccentricity and thus also with higher rotational velocity. The dependency on transition probability is more complex and shows a bi‐modal trend. The outskirts of the disk is distributed asymmetrically around the disk and appears to have been built up mostly in a tail along the orbit behind the secondary. Our data show that this tail continues to eclipse the F0 Iab primary star even two years after the end of the photometric eclipse. High‐resolution spectra were also taken of the other, bona‐fide, visual‐binary components of ε Aur (ADS 3605BCDE). Only the C‐component, a K3‐4‐giant, appears at the same distance than ε Aur but its radial velocity is in disagreement with a bound orbit. The other components are a nearby (≈ 7 pc) cool DA white dwarf, a G8 dwarf, and a B9 supergiant, and not related to ε Aur. The cool white dwarf shows strong DIB lines that suggest the existence of a debris disk around this star. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

综合物化探方法在山西东腰庄绿岩带型金矿外围找矿中的应用

山西东腰庄金矿是我国典型的绿岩带型金矿床之一,主要赋存于新太古代五台群鸿门岩组浅色变质绿片岩中,含矿带岩性主要为硅化绢云钠长片岩和绢云钠长片岩,层控特征明显。本次建立了东腰庄金矿床地质-地球物理-地球化学找矿模型,并运用岩石地球化学勘查、电法勘探,在东腰庄金矿外围勘查区圈定化探异常4处、激电异常2处,其中化探1号多元素综合异常与电法异常吻合较好,推测为矿致异常,通过激电测深,推测地质体形态为透镜体,埋深较浅。综合物化探方法利用绿岩带型金矿形成过程中元素迁移带来的原生地球化学异常,以及主要载金矿物-黄铁矿与围岩之间的电性差异,在此次找矿勘查过程中圈定了找矿靶区,取得了较好成效,为下步钻探验证工作提供了依据。     

基于FLOW-3D的泥石流龙头运动过程模拟研究

由于2020年10月3日四川省阿坝州理县米亚罗镇突发暴雨,二经里沟暴发了泥石流,损坏沟口的高速公路,并堵塞河道。为了探索泥石流龙头运动特征,选取二经里沟为研究对象,通过调查分析得到泥石流物源分布及规模、沟道形态等特征,采用FLOW-3D数值模拟方法对该泥石流的运动特征进行分析。依据泥石流运动过程的不同特征,将全过程划分为物源汇集、运动特征突变、持续发展、泥沙堆积4个阶段,经验证模拟精度达88.98%。结合泥石流流动速度和堆积深度计算其强度指数,将其划分为4个等级并绘制强度分布图,其中极高强度区占2.4%,高强度区占5.1%,中强度区占13.6%,低强度区占78.9%。并通过三维建模在沟道拟设拦挡坝,模拟分析其对泥石流的减灾效果,为今后防治工程的修建提供科学依据。     

基于高精度DEM和RS技术的滑坡环境指标参数快速提取方法——以陕西省宝鸡市金台区长乐塬特大型滑坡为例

DEM和RS技术是研究滑坡地质灾害的重要资料和手段。近年来,随着高空间分辨率遥感卫星和高精度雷达卫星的上天,可以获取现时性高精度的DEM,使滑坡地质灾害的研究由二维向三维提升。利用IRS-P5数据生成的5m精度的DEM,借鉴GOOGLE的三维可视性原理,将其和高空间分辨率QuickBird(0.61m)数据叠置到数字地球之上,制作成三维可视性图像,进行滑坡环境指标参数提取方法研究。研究结果表明,该方法可直接读取滑坡环境指标的三维参数,具有客观、准确、快速的特点,可为滑坡灾害评估和区域地质灾害危险性评价提供定量化资料。     

三河-平谷8.0级地震区浅层三维密度结构反演研究

为研究三河-平谷地震区浅层构造背景、地震孕育机理及地震与构造的关系,利用高精度重力异常数据,采用基于块体生长模式的重力三维反演算法对地震区浅层三维密度结构进行反演,并通过模拟试算验证基于块体生长模式反演方法的有效性和稳定性。高精度布格重力异常显示,三河-平谷8.0级地震位于大兴重力局部高、三河-马坊重力局部高与大厂重力低之间的交汇过渡低值区域。研究区浅层三维密度结构反演结果表明,1679年三河-平谷M8.0地震明显受NE向夏垫断裂控制,断裂两侧密度差异明显且向下延伸约10 km,推测发震部位深约10 km。     

青藏高原西部及邻区构造应力场反演和断层滑动趋势分析

基于Global CMT提供的1976-01-01~2015-12-31期间1 255个M_W≥3.5地震的震源机制解,利用FMSI方法对青藏高原西部及邻区（新疆西部地区）应力场进行反演,得到区域应力场特征,并分析西昆仑断裂带及阿尔金断裂带的断层滑动趋势。结果表明,青藏高原西部及邻区的最大主压应力轴σ1整体呈NNE-SSW向,自西向东顺时针旋转;最小主压应力轴σ3整体呈NWW-SEE向。最大主压应力轴σ1倾角大小约为5°~9°,说明该地区的构造应力场以水平运动为主。西昆仑断裂带及阿尔金断裂带具有较强的滑动趋势（T_s≥0.5）,说明西昆仑断裂带及阿尔金断裂带未来失稳滑动的可能性较大。     

岩石脆性预测在吉木萨尔凹陷致密油勘探中的应用

岩石的脆性是非常规油气藏勘探开发中需考虑的关键岩石力学参数之一。岩石脆,压裂过程中易产生缝网,从而有效改造储层,达到提高单井产量的目的。基于岩石弹性参数的归一化杨氏模量和泊松比方法,是当前广泛采用的可用于地震预测的岩石脆性评价技术,但其结果受归一化参数取值的影响较大,适用性受到影响。利用杨氏模量和泊松比的商作为脆性评价指标,并用大量岩石力学实验刻度,大大提高了岩石脆性判别的可信度。利用地震叠前弹性参数反演,开展吉木萨尔凹陷二叠系芦草沟组致密油岩石脆性预测,指导水平井部署。为保证更好的储层改造效果,在水平井轨迹设计过程中不但考虑了储层物性,还充分考虑了岩石脆性。在优选的有利区钻探水平井,并实施了体积压裂,微地震监测结果显示压裂产生了缝状网,储层改造效果理想。该水平井试油获得了稳定高产工业油流。     

磁电传感器在数字摄影测量工作站中的应用

目前国内各大测绘单位的航测内业成图软件大多数选用了全数字摄影测量工作站。磁电传感器应用于该工作站的脚踏开关系统,与以往的机械式脚踏开关系统相比,大大提高了数据采集的响应频率,成功地解决了数据采集过程中的重复采集,连点采集,漏采数据的问题。直接减轻了作业员,检验员,硬件维修人员工作量,从而大大提高了作业的效率。磁电传感器是一种非接触式传感器,它具有无触点、无开关瞬态抖动、响应频率高、低功耗、高可靠性和长寿命等特点。本文通过分析霍尔传感器件的原理,结合数字摄影测量工作站硬件设备的相关电路,给出了把霍尔传感器应用到数字摄影测量工作站脚踏开关系统中的具体方法。