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31.
各向异性研究是当令地震学研究领域中重要课题之一;三分量地震资料中各向异性的检测是各向异性理论研究成果解决地球科学实际问题的重要桥梁。本文简要描述了各向异性介质中横波分裂现象,分别介绍了现有的四种主要检测技术,即偏振图法、协方差拒阵法、质,点振动分辨率法及传输矩阵法,并对这四种技术作了一定的评述。 相似文献
32.
This paper's primary purpose is to compare the 2D and 3D analysis methodologies in investigating the performance of a concrete faced rock‐fill dams under dynamic loading conditions. The state of stress on the face plate was obtained in both cases using a total strain based crack model to predict the spreading of cracks on the plate and the corresponding crack widths. Results of the 2D and 3D analyses agree well. Although significantly more demanding, 3D analyses have the advantage of predicting the following: (i) the opening of the vertical construction joints; (ii) the cracking at the valley sides; and (iii) the crushing of the plate during the seismic action. During the earthquake loading, the cracking predicted at the base of the face plate after the impounding spread significantly towards the crest of the dam; however, the crack widths are obtained relatively small. Crushing of the face plates at the construction joints is the primary cause of the large scale cracking predicted on the face plate for high intensity earthquakes. Earthquake induced permanent deformation of the fill increases the compressive stresses on the face plate, thereby reducing the minute cracking on the plate. However, this effect also leads to significant increases in the residual openings at the construction joints and at the plinth level. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
33.
34.
Different models were developed for evaluating the probabilistic three-dimensional (3-D) stability analysis of earth slopes and embankments under earthquake loading using both the safety factor and the displacement criteria of slope failure.The probabilistic models evaluate the probability of failure under seismic loading considering the different sources of uncertainties involved in the problem. The models also take into consideration the spatial variabilities and correlations of soil properties. The developed models are incorporated in a computer program PTDDSSA.These analysis/design procedures are incorporated within a code named SARETL developed in this study for stability analysis and remediation of earthquake triggered landslides. In addition to the dynamic inertia forces, the system takes into consideration local site effects.The code is capable of assessing the landslide hazard affecting major transportation routes in the event of earthquakes and preparing earthquake induced landslide hazard maps (i.e., maps showing expected displacements and probability of slope/embankments failure) for different earthquake magnitudes and environmental conditions. It can also beused for proposing a mitigation strategy against landslides. 相似文献
35.
Ahmad Neyamadpour Samsudin Taib W. A. T. Wan Abdullah 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2009,53(3):389-402
A 3D electrical resistivity imaging survey is presented in this paper. The objective was to investigate an underground wastewater
system at the University of Malaya, Malaysia. Apparent resistivity data were collected along ten parallel lines using a Wenner-Schlumberger
configuration; electrode cables were oriented in the x-direction with 3 m spacing. Roll-along measurements using a line spacing
of 3 m were carried out covering a grid of 20 × 10 electrodes. All data sets were merged into a single data file in order
to perform a 3D inversion. Two different 3D least squares algorithms, based on the robust inversion method and the smoothness-constrained
technique, were used for the inversion of the apparent resistivity data. Both the horizontal and vertical extents of the anomalous
zones found by inversion are displayed. The results indicate the superiority of the robust inversion method over the smoothness-constrained
technique at this site. The results are in sufficient accordance with previously known information about the investigation
area. The results show that 3D electrical resistivity imaging surveys, in combination with an appropriate 3D inversion method,
can be highly useful for engineering and archaeological investigations as well as for environmental applications. 相似文献
36.
地下岩溶的发育影响着地面基础工程的安全使用,所以,我们要对岩溶地区发育特征进行全面的了解,以采取相应的措施保证该地区地面建筑的安全。溶洞的空间赋存状态一般是不规则的三维地质体,它的发育与地下水系及该地区的地质构造有紧密联系,造成溶洞的洞室可能含有高阻或低阻填充物,导致溶洞与围岩之间存在物性差异。高密度电阻率法正是利用物... 相似文献
37.
通过关键词共现分析方法,对深地震测深技术在国内的发展及其应用现状进行研究。结果表明,深地震测深资料处理以二维动力学射线追踪的正反演方法为主,三维地壳结构模型的构建方法则以改进的克里金插值方法为主;深地震测深可用于揭示孕震构造环境,但对区域地壳结构与地震发生规律和活动性的总结较少;在地震测深成果方面,包括地壳结构类型和地壳厚度等,与地热、金属以及油气矿产资源的形成密切相关,但是目前尚未形成能够服务于矿产资源勘查的成果库和数据产品;海洋深部探测是目前深地震测深方法应用的热点,应当加强海陆联合地震观测,充分发挥两种观测模式的优势。 相似文献
38.
提出了线束型三维观测系统横向覆盖次数的一种简易确定方法,详细论述了非纵误差的实质及纵测线方向的选择方法,根据目前煤田三维数据采集现状,提出了宽方位角的设想,以便克服以往三维观测系统中方位角分布不均的弊端。 相似文献
39.
目前,充分利用国产卫星影像,逐步减少使用国外遥感影像,是我国现代测绘产业发展的大趋势。本文基于资源三号国产卫星影像,利用已有的控制点资料,分别基于有控、无控的条件下生成DEM,分析其精度;并在研究区北部边缘选取部分控制点,通过区域网平差,对控制区域进行外推,生成DEM;再利用其余的控制点作为检查点对DEM精度进行检测,分析DEM在外推约100 km范围内的精度能够满足怎样的精度要求。 相似文献
40.