近4万年渤海西岸海侵时古海面的现代标高对比研究*

近4万年以来,相应于两次高太阳辐射暖湿期渤海西岸曾经两次海水泛陆事件,即40~28kaB.P.与10~4kaB.P.海侵事件。文章基于众多钻孔海相层中有孔虫、介形类等海相微体生物化石的组合特征恢复海水深度,重建了海侵最大时的古海面的现代标高。结果显示: 40~28kaB.P.海侵,海面的现代标高最高可达-11~-5m;10~4kaB.P.海侵则为2~3m。后者同众多研究所认为的中全新世存在高海面,海面高度为2~3m的结论大致吻合,前者则与全球气候尚处在间冰阶,冰川部分消融,世界洋面处在-50m的大背景不协调。而辽东与山东半岛沿海众多钻孔揭示,40~28kaB.P.渤海地区并没有高于-50~-20m海面存在的证据。通过区域环境的综合分析,认为40~28kaB.P.渤海西岸的海侵,是早玉木冰期持续4~5万年之久的冰期低海面环境,这种特殊的环境使现代渤海西岸的大部分区域远离沉积环境,成为冲刷侵蚀区,这种效应叠加在冰期边缘海式构造下沉与弧后盆地性质的构造下沉背景之上造成区域性异常地面低洼;渤海西岸异常地面低洼在间冰阶全球趋暖,冰川型海侵的过程中形成的区域性强烈"视"海侵(指示当时海侵时海水深度很大,而不是海水的陆泛范围大)。     

基于MODIS数据的决策树分类方法研究与应用

介绍了目前国际上流行的两种决策树算法———CART算法与C4·5算法,并引入了两种机器学习领域里的分类新技术———boosting和bagging技术,为探究这些决策树分类算法与新技术在遥感影像分类方面的潜力,以中国华北地区MODIS250m分辨率影像进行了土地覆盖决策树分类试验与分析。研究结果表明决策树在满足充分训练样本的条件下,相对于传统方法如最大似然法(MLC)能明显提高分类精度,而在样本量不足下决策树分类表现差于MLC;并发现在单一决策树生成中,分类回归树CART算法表现较C4·5算法具有分类精度和树结构优势,分类精度的提高取决于树结构的合理构建与剪枝处理;另外在决策树CART中引入boosting技术,能明显提高那些较难识别类别的分类准确率18·5%到25·6%。     

40m口径射电望远镜

介绍了40m望远镜的结构和性能,以及在中国VLBI网中的试观测情况和其他应用情况。     

澳门人地关系研究

从１６世纪中叶到２０世纪末叶,澳门的城市性质和城市功能发生多次急剧变化。人地关系一些要点在澳门的发展和变化中都有反映。澳门在浙、闽、粤沿海众多的港口中脱颖而出反映自然环境是社会是社会发展必不可少的条件。澳门成为东西方交流的桥梁反映自然环境在人地关系的演变,澳门经济转型艰难反映人文资源在人地关系中的地位呈上升趋势。澳门的城市形象和空间格局有抹不掉的自然印记,反映人地关系的发展是利用自然和利用自然规律     

磷矿中P2O5的快速测定

本文用自行设计的一种简易,安全的聚四氟乙烯溶样罐,与新型,高效的微波溶样技术相结合,进行磷矿的分解,溶样时间仅需２ｍｉｎ,并首次将该技术与流动注射一分光光度法联用,测定其中Ｐ２Ｏ２质量分数,结果准确,可靠,实现了从溶样到测定的一套快速分析方法。     

挡土结构古典内力计算方法的讨论

根据软土地区大量基坑支护的经验,对目前挡土结构古典内力计算常用的平衡法（悬臂结构）、等值梁法（单支撑结构）和弹性抗力法的计算结果进行了分析与比较,指出了古典内力计算方法的适用性。     

Tephra isochrons and chronologies of colonisation

This paper demonstrates the use of tephrochronology in dating the earliest archaeological evidence for the settlement of Iceland. This island was one of the last places on Earth settled by people and there are conflicting ideas about the pace and scale of initial colonisation. Three tephra layers, the Landnám (‘land-taking’) tephra layer (A.D. 877 ± 1), the Eldgjá tephra (A.D. 939) and the recently dated V-Sv tephra (A.D. 938 ± 6) can be found at 58% of 253 securely-dated early settlement sites across the country. The presence of the tephras permits both a countrywide comparison, and a classification of these settlement sites into pre-Landnám, Landnám and post-Landnám. The data summarised here for the first time indicate that it will be possible to reconstruct the tempo and development of the colonisation process in decadal resolution by more systematically utilising the dating potential of tephrochronology.     

面向地震应急的山区人口百米格网分布——以麟游县为例

破坏性地震发生后,山区易发生滑坡、泥石流等地质灾害。精细化人口空间分布数据能够有效提升灾情评判精度,为应急救援决策提供参考依据。本文以陕西省麟游县为例,利用"天地图"高分辨率遥感影像解译大比例尺居民地数据,结合人口、行政区划等数据,利用GIS（地理信息系统）技术制作100 m×100 m格网人口分布数据。通过与陕西省地震局现有人口空间数据进行对比,发现百米格网人口分布数据可明显提升山区次生灾害影响人口计算结果的可靠性。     

真鲷仔稚鱼微粒饲料中DHA与EPA最佳比例的研究

制备4种n-3HUFA含量相同,DHA和EPA含量比[m(DHA)：m(EPA)]分别为1．70：1,2．00：1,2．30：1和2．60：1的微粒饲料,探讨DHA与EPA的配比对真鲷(Pagrus major)仔稚鱼生长、存活和体内相关成分的影响。30d的养殖试验结果表明．m(DHA)：m(EPA)≥2．30：1的2种微粒饲料与m(DHA)：m(EPA)≤2．00：1的2种微粒饲料相比,真鲷仔稚鱼的生长速度和成活率,前者明显优于后者。该比例即m(DHA)：m(EPA)≥2.30：1应是真鲷微粒饲料中DHA与EPA的最佳配比。养殖试验结束后,对仔稚鱼体内相关成分的分析结果表明,仔稚鱼体内DHA的含量随微粒饲料中DHA含量的增加而增大。     

Deep gold mineralization features of Jiaojia metallogenic belt,Jiaodong gold Province: Based on the breakthrough of 3000 m exploration drilling

Recently, continuous breakthroughs have been made about deep gold prospecting in the Jiaodong gold province area of China. Approximately 5000 t of cumulative gold resources have been explored in Jiaodong, which has thus become an internationally noteworthy gold ore cluster. The gold exploration depth has been increased to about 2000 m from the previous <1000 m. To further explore the mineralization potential of the Jiaodong area at a depth of about 3000 m, the Shandong Institute of Geological Sciences has drilled an exploratory drillhole named “Deep drillhole ZK01” to a depth of 3266 m. Hence, as reported herein, the mineralization characteristics of the Jiaojia metallogenic belt have been successfully documented. ZK01 is, to date, the deepest borehole with an gold intersect in China, and constitutes a significant advance in deep gold prospecting in China. The findings of this study further indicate that the depth interval of 2000 m to 4000 m below the ground surface in the Wuyi Village area incorporates 912 t of inferred gold resources, while the depth interval of 2000 m to 4000 m below the surface across the Jiaodong area possesses about 4000 t of inferred gold resources. The Jiaojia Fault Belt tends to gently dip downward, having dip angles of about 25° and about 20° at vertical depths of 2000 m and 2850 m, respectively. The deep part of the Jiaojia metallogenic belt differs from the shallow and moderately deep parts about fracturing, alteration, mineralization, and tectonic type. The deep zones can generally be categorized from inside outward as cataclastic granite, granitic cataclasite, weakly beresitized granitic cataclasite, beresitized cataclasite, and gouge. These zones exhibit a gradual transitional relation or occur alternately and repeatedly. The mineralization degree of the pyritized cataclastic granite-type ore in the deep part of the Jiaojia metallogenic belt is closely related to the degree of pyrite vein development; that is, the higher the pyrite content, the wider the veins and the higher the gold grade. Compared to the shallow gold ores, the deep-seated gold ores have higher fineness and contain joseite, tetradymite, and native bismuth, suggesting that the deep gold mineralization temperature is higher and that mantle-sourced material may have contributed to this mineralization. ZK01 has also revealed that the deep-seated ore bodies in the Jiaojia metallogenic belt are principally situated above the main fracture plane (gouge) and hosted within the Linglong Granite, contradicting previous findings indicating that the moderately shallow gold ore bodies are usually hosted in the contact zone between the Linglong Granite and Jiaodong Group or meta-gabbro. These new discoveries are particularly significant because they can help correct mineralization prospecting models, determine favorable positions for deep prospecting, and improve metallogenic prediction and resource potential evaluation.