基于TRMM 3B43产品的1998-2016年黄淮海平原降水时空特征研究

以黄淮海平原为研究区,基于59个气象站点的逐月降水数据,采用相关系数(R)、相对误差(BIAS)和均方根误差(RMSE)对TRMM 3B43降水产品的精度进行系统评估,揭示黄淮海平原降水的时空变化规律.研究表明:①TRMM 3B43产品对研究区内大部分气象站点存在轻微高估现象,总体上TRMM产品和站点数据在黄淮海平原的...     

RP-HPLC法同时测定翅碱蓬中四种黄酮化合物的含量

建立RP-HPLC(反相高效液相色谱法)同时测定翅碱蓬中四种黄酮化合物-芸香苷、槲皮素3-β-D-葡萄糖苷、水仙苷和槲皮素的含量。采用Kromasil C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5μm),检测波长为361nm,柱温为30℃,流动相为甲醇-0.4%冰乙酸(55︰45),流速1.0mL/min,四种黄酮类化合物得到很好的分离。芸香苷、槲皮素3-β-D-葡萄糖苷、水仙苷和槲皮素浓度均为0.001～0.01 mg/mL范围内呈现良好线性关系,相关系数R2在0.999 0～0.999 6,加标回收率(n=3)范围为82.39%～99.03%。该方法简单、快速、高效,可以用于翅碱蓬中四种黄酮化合物的含量分析。     

煤田三维地震勘探技术在河流及河漫滩地区的应用

山西高河井田属海河水系长治盆地水文区,主要河流为纵贯全区的浊漳河,自西南流入区内。勘探区内地形地质条件复杂,河流及河漫滩面积大,为克服三维地震勘探存在的诸如检波线的铺设、检波器藕合、激发层位选择等难题,主要采取了陆上检波器挖坑埋置（黄土地段坑深20cm,沙滩地段坑深40cm）、水上检波器用木桩固定等措施,并采用陆上井中放炮、砾石层坑炮、河水中水下放炮相结合的激发方式。为防止井喷和声波产生的高频随机干扰,采取浅井井口压沙袋技术。通过处理解释,获得了较为精确的断层、陷落柱等地质信息,为矿方安全生产提供了可靠的地质保障。     

土压平衡盾构改性砂土流动特性的离散元模拟

对运用离散单元法模拟改性土流动特性的可行性进行了分析,提出了改性土离散元接触本构模型,在此基础上对改性土坍落度实验进行了离散元数值模拟。在实验室内对标准坍落度实验进行了改进,坍落度实验数值模拟得到的改性土坍落后的形态再现了实验室结果,并且标记点的垂直位移与实验室实测结果一致性较好。     

Origin of Paleofluids in Dabashan Foreland Thrust Belt:Geochemical Evidence of 13C,18O and 87Sr/86Sr in Veins and Host Rocks

In the last ten years, with important discoveries from oil and gas exploration in the Dabashan foreland depression belt in the borderland between Shanxi and Sichuan provinces, the relationship between the formation and evolution of, and hydrocarbon accumulation in, this foreland thrust belt from the viewpoint of basin and oil and gas exploration has been studied. At the same time, there has been little research on the origin of fluids within the belt. Based on geochemical system analysis including Z values denoting salinity and research on δ13C, δ18O and 87Sr/86Sr isotopes in the host rocks and veins, the origin of paleofluids in the foreland thrust belt is considered. There are four principal kinds of paleofluid, including deep mantle-derived, sedimentary, mixed and meteoric. For the deep mantle-derived fluid, the δ13C is generally less than ?5.0‰PDB, δ18O less than -10.0‰PDB, Z value less than 110 and 87Sr/86Sr less than 0.70600; the sedimentary fluid is mainly marine carbonate-derived, with the δ13C generally more than ?2.0‰PDB, δ18O less than ?10.0‰PDB, Z value more than 120 and 87Sr/86Sr ranging from 0.70800 to 0.71000; the mixed fluid consists mainly of marine carbonate fluid (including possibly a little mantle-derived fluid or meteoric water), with the δ13C generally ranging from ?2.0‰ to ?8.0‰PDB, δ18O from ?10.0‰ to ?18.0‰ PDB, Z value from 105 to 120 and 87Sr/86Sr from 0.70800 to 0.71000; the atmospheric fluid consists mainly of meteoric water, with the δ13C generally ranging from 0.0‰ to ?10.0‰PDB, δ18O less than ?8.0‰PDB, Z value less than 110 and 87Sr/86Sr more than 0.71000. The Chengkou fault belt encompasses the most complex origins, including all four types of paleofluid; the Zhenba and Pingba fault belts and stable areas contain a simple paleofluid mainly of sedimentary type; the Jimingsi fault belt contains mainly sedimentary and mixed fluids, both consisting of sedimentary fluid and meteoric water. Jurassic rocks of the foreland depression belt contain mainly meteoric fluid.     

山西黄土塬区三维地震勘探的实际应用

寿阳平头镇三维地震勘探区位于寿阳-阳泉构造堆积盆地的西北部，属黄土丘陵地貌，梁、峁比较发育，相对高差一般在30～50m。本区第四系覆盖较厚，纵横向变化大，且该地层中夹有砾石层和钙质结核层，难以成孔。地震激发与接收困难较大。通过多次的试验工作，最终确定采用变观措施来解决表浅层地震地质条件极差问题：避开黄土覆盖较厚地段，将炮点变观到较薄地段或者是基岩出露地段，并尽可能加深炮孔到理想激发层位。通过变观处理，记录品质明显提高。     

思茅坳陷油气地质特征与勘探前景

思茅坳陷存在古生界和中一新生界两套沉积盖层,具有多套生储盖组合。以二叠系、三叠系为主力烃源岩,储层低孔低渗,侏罗系一白垩系“红层”组成区域盖层。思茅坳陷气水同喷、原油显示表明,该区海相地层仍有油气勘探前景,以存在K3-N区域盖层、断裂改造较弱、源岩成熟度较低、构造发育的英德一景谷、勐腊一勐满含油气保存单元为首选靶区,具有一定勘探前景。     

铜官山矿田深部构造的三维计算模拟及其找矿意义

计算模拟已成为研究矿田深部三维构造重要可行手段,对深部找矿具有重要意义。基于铜官山矿田地质背景及所获勘查数据特征,我们采用知识驱动下多级约束和多源数据融合建模方法模拟矿田范围内–2000 m以上主要地质界面。以逆冲推覆导致断展–断弯褶皱理论模式解释大地测深的电阻率数据,推断地质界面位置,在Micromine-GOCAD耦合平台上在多级约束下融合多源的界面位置数据,以离散光滑插值算法和Delaunay三角网剖分法重构主要地质界面,在计算机虚拟空间再现矿田三维构造格架。结果显示:铜官山岩体和天鹅抱蛋岩体三维形态变化复杂,总体上向西倾,向深部岩体规模快速变小。位于铜官山岩体东接触带的铜官山铜矿田深部无找矿潜力,原因是接触带产状变陡,并且是岩体直接与上泥盆统砂岩接触;矿田深部主要构造为走向NE并沿倾向弯曲的逆冲推覆断层;铜官山背斜东翼含矿的中–上石炭统层位向深部倒转后又在–1200 m至–1500 m深度返转成向东南缓倾的正常层位,其底部与逆冲推覆断层重合,是深部找矿的有利靶区。     

Hydrometallurgical processing and recovery of molybdenum trioxide from spent catalyst

Hydrometallurgical processing of spent hydrodesulphurisation (HDS) catalyst for the recovery of molybdenum using sodium carbonate and hydrogen peroxide mixtures was investigated. The results indicated that the recovery of molybdenum was largely dependent on the concentrations of Na₂CO₃ and H₂O₂ in the reaction medium, which controls the acidity of the leach liquor and carry over of impurities such as Al, Ni, P, Si and V. Leaching process was exothermic and leaching efficiency of molybdenum decreased with increasing solid to liquid ratio. Large scale leaching of spent catalyst, under optimum conditions: 20% pulp density, 85 g/L Na₂CO₃, 10 vol.% H₂O₂ and 1 h reaction, resulted a leaching efficiency of 84% Mo. The obtained leach liquor contained (g/L): Mo — 22.0, Ni — 0.015 and Al — 0.82, P — 1.1, Si — 0.094 and minor quantities of V — 8 mg/L, As and Co — < 1 mg/L. Recovery of Mo from leach solution as MoO₃ of 97.30% purity was achieved by ammonium molybdate precipitation method.     

利用地震属性预测煤层厚度及古河流冲刷带的方法

根据山西宁武煤田某煤矿2#煤层采掘及钻孔揭露情况,发现该井田中部和南部存在古河流冲刷带。通过对比基于优选的4个地震属性的四元一次、四元二次多项式回归模型与BP神经网络预测模型,决定将BP人工神经网络模型预测煤层厚度数据应用于整个测区古河流冲刷带的预判工作。首先利用GeoFrame系统和Landmark公司Poststack模块,提取2#煤层反射波的各类沿层切片,分析并圈定出2#煤层古河流冲刷带的大致范围,在此基础上,利用垂直时间剖面中2#煤层反射波的各种波形特征,进一步判别2#煤层古河流冲刷带解释的可靠性,然后结合BP神经网络预测模型获得的2#煤层厚度变化趋势图,最终解释出2#煤层古河流冲刷带范围:勘探区内2#煤层厚度变化范围0～5.3m,根据其煤层厚度变化趋势,将全区划分出一大二小3个古河流冲刷带。