渤海海域黄河口凹陷渤中29-6构造火山岩锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

为了厘定渤海海域黄河口凹陷北部渤中29-6构造钻遇的90.5 m火山岩系地层层位,对该套火山岩进行了系统的岩石学、锆石U-Pb定年分析。薄片结果表明,该套火山岩可分为3段,自上而下分别是顶部玄武岩(2 880.5~2 910.5 m)、中部煌斑岩(2 910.5~2 959.5 m)和底部凝灰岩(2 959.5~2 971 m)。锆石U-Pb年龄结果显示,中部煌斑岩和底部凝灰岩均形成于早白垩世时期,地层年龄晚于124 Ma,而顶部玄武岩形成于新生代岩浆活动,地层年龄晚于45.2 Ma,结合玄武岩上部和玄武岩中泥岩的古生物分析结果,认为该套玄武岩指示了沙河街组三段沉积期的岩浆喷出事件。本研究落实了渤中29-6构造底部连续钻遇的火山岩系地层实为中生界、新生界2套不同时期的火山岩系,对进一步理解、认识黄河口凹陷的中生代、新生代火山活动及相应的火山岩油气勘探具有重要意义。     

蓬莱19-3油田西北斜坡带构造特征及控藏作用

为探索蓬莱19-3油田西北斜坡带的勘探潜力,根据邻区已钻井和精细的地震资料解释,采用断裂几何样式分析及构造恢复方法对蓬莱19-3油田西北斜坡带的断裂成因、构造演化及其控藏作用进行分析。结果显示：在平面上主要发育NE(NNE)向及NW(近EW)向断层,其走向、倾向及垂向上的搭接关系主要受区域应力及地层厚度等因素控制,在不同构造部位体现不同的特征。揭示了3个关键期区域构造应力在本区的叠加,即早白垩世(燕山期中期)的拉张,始新世晚期的右行走滑及上新世—第四纪新构造运动的拉张。早白垩世发育的基底先存断裂控制了古构造脊的形成,为本区油气横向输导提供必要条件,上新世—第四纪新构造运动发育的贯通式切脊断裂是油气的垂向运移的有利通道,其活动期是渤海重要的成藏期,预示本区具有良好的勘探潜力。     

Quantitative assessment of dissolved radiotracers in the English Channel: Sources, average impact of la Hague reprocessing plant and conservative behaviour (1983, 1986, 1988, 1994)

Knowledge of long-term movements of water-masses in the English Channel has been substantially improved using hydrodynamic modelling coupled with radio-tracers studies; nevertheless, the precision of results so obtained is still largely dependent on measurement precision. New tools are now available to make more accurate determinations of radio-tracer distribution: (1) Repositioning of station locations at the same tide reference-time, giving a homogeneous spatial data set, coupled with the possibility of interpolating and quantifying the amounts of dissolved radioactivity flowing through the English Channel; (2) the first measurements of tritium (³H) in seawater on a large scale in the English Channel demonstrate that this fully conservative radionuclide is a clearly identifiable marker of industrial releases; (3) recent campaigns carried out during the FLUXMANCHE II CCE (1994) programme show the general distribution of dissolved radionuclides ¹³⁷Cs, ¹³⁴Cs, ⁶⁰Co, ¹²⁵Sb, ¹⁰⁶Ru and ³H in the English Channel and the Irish Sea; and (4) the re-utilisation of data from previous campaigns (1983, 1986, 1988) provides indications, at any given location in the English Channel, about the average dilution and distribution of releases derived from the La Hague reprocessing plant. Excesses and losses of radionuclides are now quantified with respect to known source terms; estimates of losses are provided for non-conservative radionuclides, while an excess of ¹³⁷Cs was observed in the English Channel during the period 1983–1994. This excess, which has the same order of magnitude as the quantities released from La Hague plant in the English Channel, could be explained by about 1% of the Sellafield reprocessing plant releases entering the Channel. These results confirm and give a more detailed picture of the previously known distribution of water masses in the English Channel. They lead to clear information about transit times and dilution at this scale, and provide directly comparable data for the validation of hydrodynamic models.     

地震地貌学研究的现状及展望

地震地貌学是通过三维地震资料平面及空间特征,结合地震地层学理论,来解读和还原古地貌、古沉积和其他地质信息的一门综合性学科,其核心技术是通过快速浏览三维地震资料主测线、联络测线及时间切片等来识别"特殊地质体"。该学科的建立,在真正意义上实现了地震解释从二维到三维的跨越,已在指导勘探和储层预测上发挥了巨大作用。从层位解释、平行解释层位切片或地层切片、振幅属性提取和分析、地震信号体素追踪、特殊属性数据体分析以及多数据体属性叠加显示等六大方面介绍了地震地貌学分析技术的应用实例。地震地貌学还处在起步阶段,未来的发展趋势将会主要集中于:(1)海相和陆相背景下碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩沉积演化研究;(2)基于地震资料的生储盖层及源岩岩性的精确预测,如深水沉积环境下河道砂体精细追踪及河道内部沉积结构划分等;(3)层序地层学理论与模式的改进与发展;(4)储层物性定量化研究、储层非均质性研究以及更加先进的分析技术手段等。     

Melting of β-quartz up to 2.0 GPa and thermodynamic optimization of the silica liquidus up to 6.0 GPa

Melting relations of β-quartz were experimentally determined at 1.0 GPa (1900±20 °C), 1.5 GPa (2033±20 °C), and 2.0 GPa (2145±20 °C) using a new high-pressure assembly in a piston–cylinder apparatus and substantial differences were found with data previously reported. The new melting data of β-quartz were combined and optimized with all available thermodynamic, volumetric, and phase equilibria data for β-cristobalite, β-quartz and coesite to produce a P–T liquidus diagram for silica valid up to 6.0 GPa. Using the new optimized thermodynamic parameters, the invariant point β-cristobalite+β-quartz+liquid and β-quartz+coesite+liquid were determined to lie at 1687±17 °C and 0.457 GPa, and 2425±25 °C and 5.00 GPa, respectively.     

潼峪金矿区成矿断裂构造特征

潼峪金矿区发育过冲剪滑型、平移剪张型和平移剪滑型三种不同性质、不同方向成矿断裂,分布在金罗斑背形的不同部位,其形成有先后差异,但变形环境大体相同,具脆-韧性变形特征。空间上一般不超越褶皱主体。三类断裂中,前两者具石英脉型金矿化,后者形成构造蚀变岩型及小规模石英脉型金矿化。矿化差异与断裂产出的褶皱部位及其相应的应力应变条件的不同有关。     

测井约束反演技术在煤田三维地震岩性勘探中的应用

利用地震技术解决岩性问题在煤田勘探中一直是近年来人们研究的一个热门课题,与其他地震反演技术相比,测井约束反演技术不仅可提高原始地震资料的垂向分辨率,而且将地震波转换为层的信息,因此正在岩性勘探中得到广泛应用．本文介绍了测井约束反演技术的原理及影响因素,并以开滦集团荆各庄矿某采区岩性勘探为例,说明了测井约束反演技术在煤田三维地震岩性勘探中的具体方法和应用效果。     

三维模型数据质量分析与控制方法研究

本文主要介绍了三维模型数据的内容,分析了基于数字摄影测量方式的三维模型数据的质量分析与控制,并总结了实际生产过程中特殊问题的处理方法。     

On the period changes of RR Lyrae variables in the globular cluster M3

O – C diagrams of 78 RR Lyrae variables of the years 1963 to 1978 were used to investigate their comparability with the diagrams of 1895 to 1963. Only 5% have been proved to show a fundamentally deviating trend of the period change.     

倾斜航空摄影数据获取之实践研究

利用倾斜摄影测量技术进行城市三维模型数据生产,具有快速高效、模型纹理真实、数据精度高等特点,在数据生产单位得到大规模应用。本文以实际的生产项目为例阐述了倾斜航空摄影的数据获取过程。