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Atsushi Nozaki Ryuichi Majima Koji Kameo Saburo Sakai Atsuro Kouda Shungo Kawagata Hideki Wada Hiroshi Kitazato 《Island Arc》2014,23(2):157-179
We present field and core observations, nannofossil biostratigraphy, and stable oxygen isotope fluctuations in foraminiferal tests to describe the geology and to construct an age model of the Lower Pleistocene Nojima, Ofuna, and Koshiba Formations (in ascending order) of the middle Kazusa Group, a forearc basin‐fill succession, exposed on the northern Miura Peninsula on the Pacific side of central Japan. In the study area, the Nojima Formation is composed of sandy mudstone and alternating sandy mudstone and mudstone, the Ofuna Formation of massive mudstone, and the Koshiba Formation of sandy mudstone, muddy sandstone, and sandstone. The Kazusa Group contains many tuff beds that are characteristic of forearc deposits. Thirty‐six of those tuff beds have characteristic lithologies and stratigraphic positions that allow them to be traced over considerable distances. Examination of calcareous nannofossils revealed three nannofossil datum planes in the sequences: datum 10 (first appearance of large Gephyrocapsa), datum 11 (first appearance of Gephyrocapsa oceanica), and datum 12 (first appearance of Gephyrocapsa caribbeanica). Stable oxygen isotope data from the tests of the planktonic foraminifer Globorotalia inflata extracted from cores were measured to identify the stratigraphic fluctuations of oxygen isotope ratios that are controlled by glacial–interglacial cycles. The observed fluctuations were assigned to marine isotope stages (MISs) 49–61 on the basis of correlations of the fluctuations with nannofossil datum planes. Using the age model obtained, we estimated the ages of 24 tuff beds. Among these, the SKT‐11 and SKT‐12 tuff beds have been correlated with the Kd25 and Kd24 tuff beds, respectively, of the Kiwada Formation on the Boso Peninsula. The Kd25 and Kd24 tuff beds are widely recognized in Pleistocene strata in Japan. We used our age model to date SKT‐11 at 1573 ka and SKT‐12 at 1543 ka. 相似文献
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Numerical identification of tsunami boulders and estimation of local tsunami size at Ibaruma reef of Ishigaki Island,Japan
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Tsunami boulders deposited along the coast constitute important geological evidence for paleotsunami activity. However, boulders can also be deposited by large storm waves. Although several sedimentological and theoretical methods have been proposed to differentiate tsunami and storm wave affected boulders, no appropriate numerical method exists for their differentiation. Therefore, we developed a new numerical scheme to differentiate tsunami and storm wave boulders for coastal boulders on Ishigaki Island, Japan. In this area, tsunami and storm waves have emplaced numerous boulders on the reef and the coast. By conducting numerical calculations of storm waves in this region, we estimated the size of a storm wave that can explain the maximum clast size distribution of boulders on the reef. Consequently, we showed that a wave with a combination of 8 m in initial wave height and 10 s period can satisfy the above conditions when we assume mean sea level. In contrast to the boulders on the reef, all boulders deposited along the shore are heavier than the calculated possible maximum clast size distribution by the storm wave. Therefore, we confirmed these boulders as being of tsunami origin. Results of previous studies showed that they were most likely deposited or reworked by the 1771 Meiwa tsunami. Then, using the tsunami boulders, we numerically estimated the wave period and amplitude of the 1771 Meiwa tsunami, which should have had a 4–5 min period and 5.6–5.9, 6.3–7.0 m amplitude, respectively. Using the proposed scheme, it is possible to differentiate tsunami and storm wave boulders and estimate the size of past storm waves and tsunami waves, although it is noteworthy that there are exceptions for which the scheme cannot be applied. 相似文献
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Zhangang Wang Zixing Wu Honggang Qu Xianghong Wang 《International journal of geographical information science》2019,33(1):99-133
Complex regions are composed of a finite number of simple regions, and are always defined by hierarchical representation methods. This article focuses on a unified method for computing n-intersection-based binary topological relations between complex regions based on hierarchical characteristics, using known topological relations between simple regions. The hierarchical representation of complex regions is defined as the recursive process of region decomposition using a context-free grammar. To distinguish multiple components of a region and whether the interior of a hole is a part of the inner exterior or the outer exterior, three region operators are proposed to describe the configuration of a region represented as a formal expression. Then, three corresponding 25-intersection (25I) based Boolean matrix operators are proposed to compute topological relations based on the relationships between decomposed regions. Herein, the invalid conditions of the operators are verified in detail, and the invalidities can be eliminated by either applying our definition of complex regions or with the inclusion of additional information. The proposed 25I-based operators, as shown in our cases, can be used as a ‘bridge’ to link different n-intersection models, and as a useful computation tool for analyzing topological relations between regions with specific configurations. 相似文献
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JIA Wei WU Tiesheng ZHENG Kexian WANG Zhicheng LIN Zhen HU Jinqiao XU Xiaofeng LI Zhixiong WU Xiaojiang 《中国地震研究》2020,34(2):285-295
On August 20th, 2019, a M4.2 earthquake occurred near Zhanan and Lixin Village, Tianya District, Sanya City, Hainan Province. We conduct field investigations in the vicinity of the epicenter which includes 25 natural villages based on the data provided by local government and finally complete the map of the earthquake intensity. Through the analysis of the houses and cracks in the earthquake area, the structure types and crack characteristics of the houses are basically unveiled. Furthermore, suggestions for earthquake disaster reduction in study area are obtained from the investigation. 相似文献
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遥感25号无场化相对辐射定标 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
遥感25号是中国首颗高敏捷亚米级高分辨率光学遥感卫星。常规的偏航相对辐射定标利用卫星或相机偏航90°对地面均匀场进行成像,使得传感器所有探元获取相同的入瞳辐射亮度,实现卫星传感器的相对辐射定标。但拍摄单一地物均匀场并不能实现卫星传感器全动态范围的辐射定标,并降低了该方案的应用效率。本文针对中国遥感25号卫星,提出了不依赖于地面均匀场的无场化偏航辐射定标方法实现遥感25号的高精度高频次相对辐射定标;同时在偏航辐射定标数据处理中提出基于line segment detector(LSD)算法偏航定标数据规定化方法,确保偏航辐射定标图像每一行数据为传感器所有探元对同一地物的成像;采用传感器探元直方图规定化的方法实现遥感25号全动态范围相对辐射定标参数解算。利用遥感25号偏航辐射定标数据进行辐射定标试验并与传统在轨统计辐射定标进行对比,结果表明遥感25号经偏航辐射定标后所有探元平均条纹系数优于0.07%,图像上各种条纹条带噪声以及残余条带噪声得到较好去除,无场化偏航辐射定标方法优于传统在轨统计辐射定标方法。 相似文献