波动方程三维吸收边界分解与拟合深度偏移方法

在偏移问题中引入吸收边界条件，既可以消除由人工边界激发的虚假反射，从而提高剖面质量。又可以减少计算工作量．本文讨论了三维吸收边界条件方程，提出了求解具有吸收边界条件的三维波动方程偏移定解问题的分解与拟合方法。理论分析与合成记录及野外实际地震资料处理结果表明，本文方法为一有效的三维吸收边界深度偏移方法。     

FORECASTING IMPACTS OF HYDRAULIC STRUCTURESON AN ALLUVIAL RIVER

In the last decades the construction of large hydraulic projects on alluvial rivers in China has spurred the development of both physical and one-dimensional mathematical modeling to the point that deposition and erosion predicted by modeling in either way conform to prototype observations over periods of 3 to 19 years. The prototype data are those of Gezhouba on the Yangtze River and Danjiangkou on the Han River. The accuracy attained is in the neighborhood of 20% which is considered good enough in sedimentation engineering. Thus these techniques of modeling may be applied to forecast the impacts of hydraulic structures on an alluvial river. Mathematical modeling in 2 space variables has also been developed, but still awaits further verification.     

A 3-d model of quaternary terrace development,simulations of terrace stratigraphy and valley asymmetry: A case study for the allier terraces (limagne,France)

The combined effects of climate and tectonism on general terrace stratigraphy and valley asymmetry during the last half million years in the Allier system (France) are simulated by a 3-D conceptual model (LIMTER). This model allows the formulation and evaluation of long term terrace formation scenarios for the Allier system. Simulation results suggest that terrace stratigraphy in the study area is mainly the result of internal dynamics and climatic change. Local tectonism contributed to the development of unpaired terraces while the general regional uplift played a dominant role in determining terrace formation and preservation in general.     

Modification Of The Standard ∈-Equation For The Stable Abl Through Enforced Consistency With Monin–Obukhov Similarity Theory

A condition is derived for consistency of the standard-equation with Monin–Obukhov (MO) similarity theory of thestably-stratified surface layer. The condition is derivedby extending the procedure used to derive the analogous condition forneutral theory to stable stratification. It is shown that consistencywith MO theory requires a function of flux Richardson number, Ri_f, to be absorbed into either of two closure parameters, c ₁ or c ₂.Inconsistency, on the other hand, results if constant values of these are maintained for all Ri_f, as is done in standardapplication of the equation, and the large overpredictions ofturbulence found in such application to the one-dimensionalstable atmospheric boundary layer (1D-SBL) are traced to thisinconsistency. Guided by this, we formulate a MO-consistent-equation by absorbing the aforementioned function intoc ₁, and combine this with a Level-2.5 second-orderclosure model for vertical eddy viscosity and diffusivities.Numerical predictions of the 1D-SBL by the modified model converge to a quasi-steady state, rectifying the predictive failure of the standard -equation for the case.Quasi-steady predictions of non-dimensional variables agree stronglywith Nieuwstadt's theory. Qualitative accuracy of predictionsis inferred from comparisons to field data, large-eddy simulationresults and Rossby-number similarity relationships.     

水平荷载作用下群桩相互作用的弹塑性数值分析

本文利用三维弹塑性有限元法对水平荷载作用下群桩基础特性进行了分析,讨论了群桩基础水平荷载作用下的承载性状和破坏机理,并探讨了桩距、桩数、桩长、桩径和土质各种因素对群桩效应的影响,指出桩距和桩数是影响群桩效应的主要因素。     

An audio-magnetotelluric investigation in Terceira Island (Azores)

Ten audio-magnetotelluric soundings have been carried out along a profile crossing the Serra do Cume caldera in the eastern part of the Terceira Island (Azores). The main objectives of this investigation were to detect geoelectrical features related with tectonic structures and to characterize regional hydrological and hydrothermal aspects mainly those related to geothermal fluid dynamics.Three-dimensional numerical investigation showed that the data acquired at periods shorter than 1 s are not significantly affected by ocean effect. The data was analysed using the Smith's decomposition method in order to investigate possible distortions caused by superficial structures and to estimate a global regional strike. The results suggest that in general the soundings were not distorted. A regional N55°W strike was chosen for the two-dimensional data inversion.The low-resistivity zones (10–30 ohm-m) displayed in the central part of the 2-D geoelectrical model have been interpreted as caused by hydrothermal circulation. The low-resistivity anomalies at the ends of the profile might be attributed to alteration zones with interaction of seawater intrusion. High-resistivity (> 300 ohm-m) values have been related with less permeable zones in the SW of Cinco Picos and Guilherme Moniz caldera walls.     

三维质点追踪模型及其在胶南海域的应用

在已建立的变边界河口、陆架、海洋模型(ECOM)的基础上添加一个变边界质点追踪模块,研究胶东半岛南海域的物质输运特征,讨论了三维空间中,水质点在潮流作用下的迁移特点.该模型在近海海洋环境管理上具有实用价值.     

斜坡上异重流的三维数值模拟

针对异重流的流动特征,建立了适用于具有各向异性浮力紊动特征的三维异重流运动的数学模型,并模拟了异重流在15°斜坡底面上的潜行过程。计算结果准确地模拟了异重流的运动特征和形态,其前锋的潜行速度与实验结果相当吻合。该模型采用非结构同位网格上的SIMPLEC算法能适应复杂边界和地形,可应用于自然界实际环境中异重流的演进计算。     

非结构网格上的三维浅水流动数值模型

针对当前复杂环境水流模拟的需求,建立了新型的基于特征型高分辨率数值算法的三维非结构网格浅水动力模型。模型采用有限体积法离散sigma坐标下的三维浅水方程,运用Roe黎曼近似解评估水平界面通量。模型网格拟合边界能力强,可根据需要局部加密;格式数值性能优良,具有守恒性、单调迎风性、高数值分辨率等特性。同时,应用干湿判别法处理动边界,以适应浅滩地形漫/露过程模拟的需要。封闭水池内部风生环流、干河床上溃坝过程和长江口实际潮流场的模拟从不同侧面展示了模型的特点,结果表明它能够准确地预测水流的三维流动结构,而且计算简单高效,具有良好的数值稳定性。