黑龙江省嫩江县三矿沟铁铜矿床矿石特征及意义

三矿沟矿床位于黑龙江省嫩江县多宝山矿集区西北部,为小型矽卡岩型铁铜矿床。在野外地质调查与ICP_MS测试的基础上,通过显微观察、扫描电镜与电镜能谱分析,对三矿沟矿床的矿石特征进行了研究。在矿石中新识别出钨铁矿、白钨矿、锡石、自然铋、碲铋矿、辉铋矿、硫铜铋矿、硫铋铜矿、碲银矿、银金矿、金银矿、自然金,钴黄铁矿、辉砷钴矿、含锌硫砷铜矿等金属矿物。矿石有用金属元素为Cu、Fe、Zn、W、Co、In、Bi,建议对这些元素展开进一步的研究,并在开采时进行综合评价。详细的矿石镜下研究结果显示,矿床形成过程分为内生成矿期与表生期,其中内生成矿期分为干矽卡岩阶段、湿矽卡岩阶段、氧化物阶段(主要的铁矿化阶段)和低热液-硫化物阶段这4个阶段(主要的铜矿化阶段),表生期只包含表生阶段。其中铁矿化形成于高温阶段,铜矿化系中温热液交代形成。     

矿床保存变化研究的热年代学技术方法

成矿后矿床的保存与变化是矿床地质研究的重要组成部分,但研究程度不高,至今仍属于薄弱环节。矿床的保存与其隆升剥露密切相关,深入细致研究恢复矿区矿床的隆升和剥露历史,是揭示矿床保存变化的一种重要途径。本文重点论述研究矿床保存变化的技术方法,通过综合应用裂变径迹、(U-Th)/He、~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar年代学以及La-ICP-MS、锆石U-Pb定年等多种技术手段,研究成矿期次、构造活动期次以及二者间的联系,定量计算不同矿区、不同矿体、不同部位、不同时间的冷却隆升速率、隆升幅度、剥蚀速率和剥蚀量,探讨矿床保存深度与剥蚀量间的关系,总结不同时代、不同矿区矿床保存-变化过程,建立新的矿床地质-保存环境模型,完善矿床预测的综合示踪标志,最终预测不同矿区、不同地段隐伏矿床可能的产出深度,给出矿床可能已经被剥蚀殆尽的区段或地段,为深部找矿和区域成矿潜力评价提供依据。本文可为地质工作者的相关应用提供借鉴和手段。     

流体包裹体和C-H-O同位素对湘中古台山金矿床成因制约

古台山金矿是湘中盆地最典型的高品位石英脉型金矿床,主要赋存于新元古界和震旦系板岩-千枚岩中。为了探明古台山金矿的成矿物质和成矿流体来源,本次工作对其开展了详细的野外地质考察,对不同阶段石英进行了系统的包裹体岩相学观察、显微测温、激光拉曼探针及H-O同位素分析,对与金矿化密切相关的铁白云石进行了C-O同位素分析。包裹体岩相学及测温结果显示,不同阶段石英主要发育CO_2三相和水溶液两相包裹体,金沉淀阶段CO_2三相包裹体丰度最高,包裹体均一温度集中在180~320℃之间,盐度集中在0~13%NaCleqv之间。激光拉曼显示不同阶段石英包裹体成分主要为H_2O、CO12及少量的CH_4和N_2。不同阶段石英的δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW)变化范围为15.6‰~17.9‰,对应的δ8OH_2O变化范围为4.5‰~8.3‰,δD_(V-SMOW)变化范围-78‰~-49‰,显示成矿过程中有岩浆水参与。铁白云石的δ~(13)C_(PDB)集中在-10.3‰~-8.6‰,δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW)分布在13.9‰~15.7‰之间,暗示成矿流体中的碳主要来自深部岩浆。流体不混溶、CH_4气体存在、围岩及脉体发生硫化-碳酸盐化等因素是导致古台山矿床Au沉淀富集的重要机制。综合上述分析,推测古台山金矿可能是一个非典型的造山型金矿床。     

CFD investigations of OXYFLUX device,an innovative wave pump technology for artificial downwelling of surface water

No other environmental variable of such ecological importance to estuarine and coastal marine ecosystems around the world has changed so drastically, in such a short period of time, as dissolved oxygen in coastal waters. The prevalent methods for counteracting anoxic sea events are indirect measures which aim to cut-down anthropic loads introduced in river and marine environments. To date, no direct approaches, like artificial devices have been investigated except the WEBAP and OXYFLUX devices. The present paper adopts a numerical approach to the analysis of the pumped surface water as well as the analysis of the dynamic response of the OXYFLUX device. By means of a CFD-RANS code and through the application of overset grid method, the 1/16 OXYFLUX model’s dynamic response and pumping performance are evaluated. The appropriate grid is selected after an extensive sensitivity analysis carried out on 9 different grids. The CFD model is validated by comparing numerical and physical results of heave decay test, heave response, and surface water discharge under the action of regular waves. The extensive comparison with experimental results shows consistently accurate predictions. The main findings of the study show that nonlinear effects remarkable reduce the dynamic behaviour of the OXYFLUX and generate an unexpected second harmonic for pitch response intensifying the overtopping discharge also for small waves caused by the summer's low intensity winds.     

黄海南部小黄鱼洄游分布及种群结构特征

Monthly fishery survey data of the small yellow croaker Larimichthys polyactis in the southern Yellow Sea from2003 and 2013 were employed to evaluate the variation in the resource distribution and biological characteristics(especially body length and sex ratio) in the population on a decadal scale.The results indicated that the small yellow croaker migrated from the Shawai fishing ground to the Dasha fishing ground in spring and was mainly distributed in the central and western parts of the Dasha fishing ground in April and May.Larimichthys polyactis in the Dasha fishing ground migrated eastward to offshore wintering grounds in autumn and reached the central Dasha fishing ground in October and November.The small yellow croaker entered the western waters of the Shawai fishing ground in winter.A large number of age 0+ fish occurred in the Shawai and Jiangwai fishing grounds in October of 2003 and 2013.The body lengths of the spawning stock and wintering stock in 2013 were larger than those in 2003,and the monthly sex ratios(female to male) were significantly less than 1 in both years.The monthly distribution of this fish in the southern Yellow Sea was consistent with a previous finding that "the stock migrated between the wintering grounds in the west of Jeju Island and the Lüsi spawning grounds" but tended to move more northward,with the spawning grounds extending outward.In the past decade,body length variation experienced a decline after an increase,rather than a steady decrease.The sex ratio in the single-stick stow net showed a tendency to increase over the decade,but was either less than or more than 1 depending on the fishing gear;therefore,further studies should be conducted to determine the sex structure.     

胶东金翅岭金矿构造控矿规律及找矿预测

金翅岭金矿是胶东招远北部的一个典型石英脉型金矿,构造是金矿最为重要的控矿因素。在前人资料的基础上,综合分析了矿区构造控矿特征,总结了构造控矿规律:矿脉分支复合,表现为NE向矿脉产生SN,NNE向次级矿脉,NNE向矿脉产生NE向次级矿脉;矿体厚度与金品位呈负相关,深部次级矿脉群在P4脉下盘出现;矿脉侧伏角和倾伏向变化处矿体富集,表现为SW向侧伏的P4矿脉,矿体富集于-240 m,侧伏角变大,同时倾伏向由SW向转变为NW向的部位。最后建立了平面和剖面P4矿脉的波形函数,并对深部进行了预测。     

西藏改则县多龙矿集区发现岩墙岭蛇绿岩残片

西藏班公湖-怒江缝合带北缘多龙矿集区是青藏高原新近发现的具有超大型远景的、典型的富金斑岩型铜矿集区,其成岩成矿地质背景是解决班公湖-怒江洋构造演化的关键问题之一。近年来的区域地质调查研究发现,多龙矿集区南侧出露岩墙岭蛇绿岩残片,应该是班公湖-怒江蛇绿岩带的重要组成部分。岩墙岭蛇绿岩主要由席状岩墙群、枕状玄武岩和硅质岩组成,整体呈棱形或透镜体状断续分布于侏罗系复理石沉积内,构成典型的网结状构造。糜棱岩普遍发育在岩墙岭蛇绿岩和围岩的接触部位。综合前人研究成果,初步认为多龙矿集区早白垩世成岩成矿作用应该形成于增生楔之上伸展拉张的构造环境。岩墙岭蛇绿岩的发现和确定进一步约束了多龙矿集区成岩成矿地质背景,同时为班公湖-怒江缝合带的延伸及其构造演化的研究提供了新的线索。     

Metallogeny of the Baiyangping Lead‐Zinc Polymetallic Ore Concentration Area,Northern Lanping Basin of Yunnan Province,China

The Lanping Basin in the Nujiang‐Lancangjiang‐Jinshajiang (the Sanjiang) area of northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau is an important part of eastern Tethyan metallogenic domain. This basin hosts a number of large unique sediment‐hosted Pb‐Zn polymetallic deposits or ore districts, such as the Baiyangping ore concentration area which is one of the representative ore district. The Baiyangping ore concentration area can be divided into the east and west ore belts, which were formed in a folded tectogene of the India‐Asia continental collisional setting and was controlled by a large reverse fault. Field observations reveal that the Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary strata were outcropped in the mining area, and that the orebodies are obviously controlled by faults and hosted in sandstone and carbonate rocks. However, the ore‐forming elements in the east ore belt are mainly Pb‐Zn‐Sr‐Ag, while Pb‐Zn‐Ag‐Cu‐Co elements are dominant in the west ore belt. Comparative analysis of the C‐O‐Sr‐S‐Pb isotopic compositions suggest that both ore belts had a homogeneous carbon source, and the carbon in hydrothermal calcite is derived from the dissolution of carbonate rock strata; the ore‐forming fluids were originated from formation water and precipitate water, which belonged to basin brine fluid system; sulfur was from organic thermal chemical sulfate reduction and biological sulfate reduction; the metal mineralization material was from sedimentary strata and basement, but the difference of the material source of the basement and the strata and the superimposed mineralization of the west ore belt resulted in the difference of metallogenic elements between the eastern and western metallogenic belts. The Pb‐Zn mineralization age of both ore belts was contemporary and formed in the same metallogenetic event. Both thrust formed at the same time and occurred at the Early Oligocene, which is consistent with the age constrained by field geological relationship.     

内蒙古新地沟金矿床黄铁矿热电性特征及深部找矿意义

内蒙古新地沟金矿是中型绿岩型金矿床,但已属于严重资源危机的矿山,急待寻找接替资源,因此对新地沟金矿床进行深部远景预测具有十分重要的意义。本文根据找矿矿物学和成因矿物学理论,利用显微镜、电子探针及热电仪系统分析新地沟金矿床不同标高和矿段中黄铁矿的热电型标型特征,研究结果表明:新地沟金矿床中黄铁矿的晶型以立方体、五角十二面体及聚形为主;热电系数变化主要集中在-331.10~340.20μV·°C~(-1)范围内,导电型多以N型为主,约占总含量的80%;成矿温度主要集中于250~340℃,属于中温矿床。黄铁矿热电性参数XNP变化范围较大,估算矿体剥蚀率为67.96%~74.31%。通过对黄铁矿导型的空间分布规律和矿体剥蚀分析表明:油篓沟矿段位于矿体中底部,向深部可能有小规模延伸,小西沟矿段钻孔ZK106在深部有较大规模的延伸,其矿化前景最好;小西沟矿段钻孔ZK102深部矿化前景次之;大汗青矿段钻孔ZK_2802其深部矿化前景较差。综合分析认为,该矿床深部具有较好的找矿潜力。     

Porphyry Copper Deposit Prognosis in the Middle Region of the Bangonghu–Nujiang Metallogenic Belt,Tibet, Using ASTER Remote Sensing Data

The B angonghu–N ujiang metallogenic belt is considered to be T ibet’s third copper belt after the Y ulong and G angdese copper belts. The D uolong gold‐rich porphyry copper deposit, located in the western part of the B angonghu–N ujiang belt was recently recognized as a superlarge prospect. The A dvanced S paceborne T hermal E mission and R eflection R adiometer (ASTER ) was used to characterize the D uolong porphyry deposit alteration area, and three methods, color enhancement, band ratio transformation, and spectral angle mapping, were utilized to extract the phyllic and argillic alteration zones, which are typically considered the most important predictors of porphyry copper. Seven prospecting areas, which match mapped alteration zones, were delineated in the D uolong deposit. In addition, an ASTER image of the eastern region of the B angonghu–N ujiang belt in the X iongmei area was used to extract alteration information, and an area with image characteristics similar to the D uobuza and B olong ore deposits was identified as a prospecting area. Numerous malachite outcrops were identified in the field, and both laboratory analysis and isotopic dating confirmed that the deposit had formed concurrently with the D uobuza deposit (119 M a). Geologic mapping at the 1:5000 scale was conducted in the area, and three types of ore‐bearing rocks were identified, indicating that this area has significant potential to host ore deposits. The discovery of the X iongmei copper mining area is significant for the B angonghu–N ujiang belt.