二维地震勘探在大庆长垣南端砂岩型铀矿勘查中的应用

大庆长垣南端砂岩型铀矿勘查项目前期利用油田钻孔资料发现了众多零散的工业孔,并钻探证实。为了进一步扩大找矿成果,开展了地震勘探。针对工作区地层埋深特点选择了合理的采集参数,利用地震成果并结合测井数据,统一了工作区的层位划分,圈定了砂体,进而推断出古河道,解决了砂岩型铀矿勘查中的储层问题,取得了很好的成果。地震勘探可作为砂岩型铀矿勘查寻找有利储层的主要方法手段。     

低高度极尖区位形的经验模式

地球极尖区是太阳风等离子体进入内磁层和电离层的一个重要“窗口”,但其总体结构长期以来尚未确定. 2008年3月8日两个连续亚暴期间,太阳风的整体变化范围较大,基于全球三维数值模拟我们建立了一个由行星际磁场(interplanetary magnetic field, IMF)B_Y、B_Z控制的低高度(1.1个地球半径高度)极尖区的预报模式.该模式由椭圆函数构造而成,拟合函数由极尖区位置和宽度控制并取决于IMF B_Y和B_Z.极尖区地磁纬度(geomagnetic latitude, MLAT)随着向北IMF B_Z的增加而增加,随着向南IMF B_Z的增加而明显降低.当B_Y=0时,磁地方时(magnetic local time, MLT)接近12,当IMF为东向(西向)时,极尖区中心将位于北半球下午(上午)侧. MLAT宽度随IMF B_Z从北转南而减小,MLT宽度随IMF B_Z从北转南而增大.通过...     

苏浙皖边界地区苏皖运动的有关问题

苏皖运动的存在于否,对研究苏浙皖边界地区的地质发展史和正确认识长兴阶地层有重要意义。笔者论证了长兴组的厚度变化、界线粘土层的性质与成因、底砾岩的确认和地层接触关系、古生物群的突变等问题,认为:1)区内苏皖运动是存在的;2)砺山-江阴海堤不可否定;将安徽广德牛头山经江苏宜兴至江阴条带内的龙潭组上部地层作为长兴组的相变产物是不妥的。     

Impacts of Climatic Factors on Runoff Coefficients in Source Regions of the Huanghe River

Runoff coefficients of the source regions of the Huanghe River in 1956–2000 were analyzed in this paper. In the 1990s runoff of Tangnaihai Hydrologic Station of the Huanghe River experienced a serious decrease, which had at- tracted considerable attention. Climate changes have important impact on the water resources availability. From the view of water cycling, runoff coefficients are important indexes of water resources in a particular catchment. Kalinin baseflow separation technique was improved based on the characteristics of precipitation and streamflow. After the separation of runoff coefficient (R/P), baseflow coefficient (Br/P) and direct runoff coefficient (Dr/P) were estimated. Statistic analyses were applied to assessing the impact of precipitation and temperature on runoff coefficients (including Dr/P, Br/P and R/P). The results show that in the source regions of the Huanghe River, mean annual baseflow coefficient was higher than mean annual direct runoff coefficient. Annual runoff coefficients were in direct proportion to annual pre- cipitation and in inverse proportion to annual mean temperature. The decrease of runoff coefficients in the 1990s was closely related to the decrease in precipitation and increase in temperature in the same period. Over different sub-basins of the source regions of the Huanghe River, runoff coefficients responded differently to precipitation and temperature. In the area above Jimai Hydrologic Station where annual mean temperature is –3.9oC, temperature is the main factor in- fluencing the runoff coefficients. Runoff coefficients were in inverse relation to temperature, and precipitation had nearly no impact on runoff coefficients. In subbasin between Jimai and Maqu Hydrologic Station Dr/P was mainly affected by precipitation while R/P and Br/P were both significantly influenced by precipitation and temperature. In the area be-tween Maqu and Tangnaihai hydrologic stations all the three runoff coefficients increased with the rising of annual precipitation, while direct runoff coefficient was inversely proportional to temperature. In the source regions of the Huanghe River with the increase of average annual temperature, the impacts of temperature on runoff coefficients be-come insignificant.     

西昆仑甜水海地区新近纪侵入岩地球化学特征及锆石U-Pb年龄

在甜水海地区北部发现一处新近纪浅成侵入岩岩体,对其进行岩石学特征、地球化学和LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学研究。结果显示岩体侵位时间为(8.09±0.16) Ma,形成时代为晚中新世。地球化学分析显示,岩石具有轻稀土元素富集,铕负异常,Th、La、Hf明显富集的特征。通过类比研究,其岩浆源可能来自中上地壳,形成于印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞后青藏高原隆升的陆内构造演化过程,为地幔上拱、烘烤上地壳岩石使其局部熔融、上侵而成。     

南海北部深水区荔湾凹陷构造演化及其石油地质意义

荔湾凹陷北与白云凹陷相邻,南与双峰盆地（南海西北次海盆）相接,发育于洋陆过渡边界,具有独特的结构构造特征。选取荔湾凹陷为研究对象,在3D地震资料解释的基础上,以断裂特征分析厘定凹陷性质、构造古地貌恢复解析凹陷结构,进而指出古地貌恢复和构造演化对油气勘探的影响。研究获得三方面的创新性认识：①荔湾凹陷为洋陆过渡壳上发育的断坳,断坳作用占主导地位;②32Ma的底辟作用将荔湾凹陷改造为“四洼三凸”的构造格局,恩平组沉积期凹陷北部是一个连通的洼陷;③恩平组沉积期连通洼陷的古地貌有利于三角洲（烃源岩）的发育,背斜型圈闭的定型受控于32Ma的底辟作用,是荔湾凹陷油气勘探的有利目标。     

走滑断裂带中挤压阶区内部剪切构造初探

野外地质调查和航片立体镜下解译发现,小江断裂带北段蒙姑和东支大营盘两个挤压阶区内部发育有剪切构造,它们在地表主要表现为断裂槽地、断层陡坎、地裂缝等。挤压阶区内部剪切构造和拉张阶区内部剪切构造一样,是阶区形成后,随着走滑断裂的进一步活动而形成的新生性构造     

机载POS系统对地定位方法初探

高精度定位定向系统(Position&;OrientationSystem,简称POS系统)能够获取机载传感器的空间位置和三轴姿态信息,从而定量化反演遥感信息获取过程,实现机载遥感直接对地定位(DirectGeoreferencing)。本文首先介绍POS与航空摄影系统的集成方法与工作原理;然后初步分析了POS系统的主要误差来源,在此基础上,研究了POS系统数据处理及误差控制方法;最后,结合河南安阳飞行试验数据的分析处理结果,进行了精度和可行性分析。