利用高频GPS确定大地震震中和震级研究：2008年汶川8．0级地震应用结果

震中和震级的快速确定是进行地震预警、震后快速救援及海啸预报等应用的基础．目前,利用高频GPS数据可获得高精度、高分辨率的地表位移时间序列和地震时期完整的地震波信号,基于此,本文提出了利用高频GPS数据记录的地震波形确定大地震（胗7）震中和震级．基于1Hz高频GPS数据反演了2008年汶川M8．0级地震的震中和震级．将反演结果与中国地震局公布的数据进行比较,震中相差约12km,震级相差约0．1个震级单位．初步验证了高频GPS能成为一种观测手段独立或者辅助地震仪实现大地震震中定位和震级确定．     

非均质土中桩端扩散虚土桩法的桩基纵向振动研究

根据桩端土应力扩散的规律,建立了桩端扩散虚土桩模型。基于该模型对非均质土中桩-土纵向耦合振动进行研究。利用复刚度传递多圈层平面应变模型,得到桩与虚土桩桩侧土的剪切复刚度。结合边界条件、初始条件和连续条件,对扩散虚土桩和实体桩动力方程从底层往顶层逐层进行求解,得到桩顶动力响应的频域解析解和时域半解析解。通过对桩端扩散虚土桩扩散角、扩散层厚度、桩侧土非均质性和桩长的影响进行计算分析,得到基于扩散虚土桩法桩-土纵向振动响应特性。研究结论可为桩基础动力设计和动态检测提供理论依据。     

考虑累积损伤效应的围岩变形特性研究

隧道爆破开挖诱发的动力扰动作用范围往往远大于其开挖进尺,同一部位围岩受到循环爆破开挖的多次扰动普遍存在累积损伤。对乌东德水电站左岸导流洞爆破开挖过程中的爆破振动和围岩变形监测进行了监测和数值分析,基于累积损伤理论,通过引入损伤判据及损伤变量,考虑计算中产生的不同程度的损伤区域的岩体参数劣化,并将劣化后的参数引入相应损伤单元进行后续开挖爆破数值模拟计算,从而对岩体爆破开挖累积损伤效应进行模拟。通过比较乌东德水电站导流洞的实测数据以及数值模拟计算结果发现,考虑累积损伤的计算结果无论是爆破振动速度还是围岩变形均更接近于实测值。对爆破开挖的分析模拟中应考虑围岩的多次循环爆破累积损伤效应。     

利用MSMPCA去噪的CEEMD方法监测高频GNSS同震形变

考虑到全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system,GNSS)地震信号的非线性和非平稳性,利用一种多尺度多方向主成分分析(multiscale multiway principal component analysis,MSMPCA)去噪的完备总体经验模态分解(complete...     

月球引潮力振动与大气潮汐的周期变化

在天气学中,当复杂而开放的气候系统处于远离平衡的临界状态时,任何微小的外力扰动都有可能带来一场雪崩式的"蝴蝶效应";而天气系统的演变尽管错综复杂,其实质却主要是冷暖气团的强弱与进退,再就是月球引潮力的周期变化还能引发周期大气潮。据此推想,在月球的周期运行过程中,是交点月南、升、北、降水平引力拐点所产生的引潮力振动(方向、大小的改变),通过大气内部的动力过程,对不稳定气团可产生激发作用,从而引导冷暖空气南北进退和天气系统演变,便出现了周期大气潮和转折天气周循环。     

CT机X射线高频高压发生器的研究

高频高压发生器是CT高压系统中最重要的组成部分.本文主要介绍高频高压发生器的组成和原理、高频逆变器脉冲控制的FM和PM方法、高频磁芯材料的选择、绕组的设计、损耗的计算、电磁兼容的考虑、高压整流电路的设计.研制20KHz和50kHz高压发生器的体会.     

Transient response of a beam on viscoelastic foundation under an impact load during nondestructive testing

Beam responses under an impact NDT load are studied using the Fourier and Laplace transforms. Numerical computation is performed for a parametric study of beam and load parameters. It is shown that under an impact load, the time duration for displacement to vanish is ten times longer than that for velocity and acceleration. The maximum response is achieved first in acceleration, followed by velocity, and finally displacement, all of which occur before the impact load is removed. At the moment that the impact load is removed from the beam, there is a discontinuity in the velocity and acceleration responses, but not in displacement response. The effect of K and ph on beam response is much less significant than that of El and C, which have similar effect on beam response. As El increases, peak values of displacement, velocity and acceleration response decrease. The effect of K on beam response only becomes appreciable after the impact load is removed. While the peak of displacement remain almost unchanged as K increases, the displacement response decays to zero faster for large K values than for small K values.     

DPCM-based vibration sensor data compression and its effect on structural system identification

Due to the large scale and complexity of civil infrastructures, structural health monitoring typically requires a substantial number of sensors, which consequently generate huge volumes of sensor data. Innovative sensor data compression techniques are highly desired to facilitate efficient data storage and remote retrieval of sensor data. This paper presents a vibration sensor data compression algorithm based on the Differential Pulse Code Modulation (DPCM) method and the consideration of effects of signal distortion due to lossy data compression on structural system identification. The DPCM system concerned consists of two primary components: linear predictor and quantizer. For the DPCM system considered in this study, the Least Square method is used to derive the linear predictor coefficients and Jayant quantizer is used for scalar quantization. A 5-DOF model structure is used as the prototype structure in numerical study. Numerical simulation was carried out to study the performance of the proposed DPCM-based data compression algorithm as well as its effect on the accuracy of structural identification including modal parameters and second order structural parameters such as stiffness and damping coefficients. It is found that the DPCM-based sensor data compression method is capable of reducing the raw sensor data size to a significant extent while having a minor effect on the modal parameters as well as second order structural parameters identified from reconstructed sensor data.     

乌尔逊凹陷下白垩统高频层序特征及其控制因素分析

利用地质、地球物理等资料对乌尔逊凹陷下白垩统高频层序特征及其控制因素进行了分析。高频层序赋存于三级复合层序CSq7和CSq8内部,沿凹陷走向分布,总体以前积形态下超于复合密集段之上。层序边界属Ⅰ型性质,但不整合规模较小;层序内部包含3个体系域,准层序组总体呈加积-前积-退积-前积的叠加样式。研究区共识别出16个高频层序,平均周期为0.22~0.28Ma,沉积速率为0.57~0.76m/kyr。研究表明,低构造沉降速率和温暖潮湿气候条件下的高沉积物供给速率是控制高频层序发育的主要因素,三级基准面旋回高位稳定-缓慢下降阶段是高频层序发育的有利时期,盆缘地貌对高频层序几何学特征也有较大影响。     

AVS/D半主动振动控制结构的抗震设计方法探讨

本文介绍了AVS／D半主动控制系统的工作原理,参照现行抗震设计规范的设计思想,提出了AVS／D半主动控振结构的抗震设计方法,并针对具体结构控制系统的工作性能,探讨了结构设计中关键参数：主体结构的地震力折减系数和薄弱层层间位移相对控制率的确定方法,最后通过实例分析验证了该方法的可行性。