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ABSTRACT The authors explored the connection and transition chains of the Northern Oscillation (NO) and the North Pacific Oscilla tion (NPO), the Southern Oscillation (SO), and the Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) on the interannual timescale in a companion paper. In this study, the connection between the transition chains of the four oscillations (the NO and NPO, the SO and AAO) and the El Nifio/La Nifia cycle were examined. It was found that during the transitions of the four oscillations, alternate anticyclonic/cyclonic correlation centers propagated from the Western Pacific to the Eastern Pacific along both sides of the equator. Between the anticyclonic/cyclonic correlation centers, the zonal wind anomalies also moved eastwardly, favoring the advection of sea surface temperature anomalies from the tropical Western Pacific to the Eastern Pacific. When the anti cyclonic anomalies arrived in the Eastern Pacific, the positive phase of NO/SO and La Nifia were established and vice versa. Thus, in 4-6 years, with an entire transition chain of the four oscillations, an E1 Nifio/La Nifia cycle completed. The eastward propagation of the covarying anomalies of the sea level pressure, zonal wind, and sea surface temperature was critical to the transition chains of the four oscillations and the cycle of E1 Nifio/La Nifia. Based on their close link, a new empirical prediction method of the timing of E1 Nifio by the transition chains of the four oscillations was proposed. The assessment provided confidence in the ability of the new method to supply information regarding the long-term variations of the ocean and atmosphere in the tropical Pacific. 相似文献
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矿体赋存于石英斑岩和流纹质火山角砾岩中,应为火山机构控矿的火山汽液矿床,矿区具有寻找爆破角砾岩型、斑岩型铜铅锌银金多金属矿床的重要意义. 相似文献
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湿地景观格局的动态变化与区域土地利用/覆盖格局的变化有着十分紧密的联系。以纳帕海、碧塔海和属都湖三块高原湿地所在的云南省香格里拉县建塘镇为例,在遥感和GIS技术的支持下,对该区域1974、1987和2000三期Landsat TM(ETM)影像进行了解译,分析了26 a间的土地利用/覆盖变化规律,并结合景观格局动态分析的方法,借助FRAGSTATS软件定量分析了该区景观格局特征及其动态变化。结果表明:该区土地利用/覆盖状况变化显著,主要土地利用/覆盖类型有林地以822 hm2/a的速度在大面积减少,并主要转为灌木林地,使得后者在26 a间扩大高达17倍,变化幅度最大。建设用地和耕地的面积分别扩大了6倍和2倍,而草地和雪地面积持续减少。相应地,该区景观格局定量分析显示,有林地的斑块密度增大而平均斑块面积减小迅速,呈破碎化趋势,灌木林地的斑块密度、平均斑块面积均增加,草地则与之相反均减小,耕地的斑块密度降低而平均斑块面积增加,在不断融合成大斑块,其余各景观单元斑块密度增大平均斑块面积减小,同时各斑块几何形状在1987年变化最剧烈,景观格局趋于复杂。 相似文献
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香格里拉铜钼多金属矿石中主要的可利用成分为钼、铜,伴生有钨等成分。为在选冶利用中选择合理高效的可利用方法,工艺矿物学研究主要针对矿石中可利用成分和相关伴生成分开展了赋存状态研究,特别是钼、铜金属矿物存在形式及其对选矿利用的影响进行了分析,为最终实现该类型矿石的高效合理利用提供基础依据。选矿实验采用"浮选-磁选-重选"联合工艺流程,获得钼精矿品位52.34%,钼回收率71.32%;铜精矿品位22.68%,铜回收率71.91%;钨精矿品位36.13%,钨回收率57.27%,从而实现了该矿中钼、铜、钨等有用元素的综合回收,验证了工艺矿物学研究结果的正确性。 相似文献
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