王卫国治疗慢性骨髓炎经验

介绍王卫国治疗慢性骨髓炎的经验。以中医理论为基础,结合现代医学对慢性骨髓炎的认识,总结多年临床经验,认为病机关键为痰湿内蕴,气虚血瘀。临证以二陈汤合四妙散加减治疗,取得较好疗效,附验案1则,以资佐证。     

非培养手段分析珠江口淇澳岛海岸带沉积物中的古菌多样性

利用古菌16SrDNA特异引物对珠江口淇澳岛海岸带沉积物中古菌的多样性及垂直分布特征进行研究。结果表明珠江口淇澳岛海岸带沉积物中古菌多样性丰富,大部分为新的不可培养古菌;泉古菌在整个沉积物柱中是优势菌群,约占81%;古菌多样性随沉积物深度增加而增加,区系结构也随深度变化而呈现出明显的不同,在表层沉积物中,88%的序列属于Ⅰ型海洋泉古菌(MGⅠ),而在中层和底层检测到的古菌序列大部分与不可培养的富含甲烷的环境序列有最高的同源性,并且有15%的克隆子序列属于甲烷八叠球菌目(Methanosarcinales)和甲烷微菌目(Methanomicrobiales)。QC-PCR结果表明珠江口淇澳岛海岸带沉积物中古菌含量丰富[(1.93±0.60)×106~6.45±0.25×10716S rDNA拷贝/g],呈现随深度增加含量增加的趋势。     

产四氢嘧啶中度嗜盐菌TA-4的分离和特性研究

从同安盐田土壤中分离到一株中度嗜盐菌TA-4,经过16S rDNA序列分析、形态学和生理生化特征分析,该茵株初步鉴定为盐单胞菌(Halomonas salina).TA-4能在2%-25%NaC1的培养基中生长,最适生长NaC1浓度为6%,最适生长温度为35℃,最适pH为7.0～8.0.在高盐条件下,TA-4能够在细胞内合成四氢嘧啶以维持渗透压的平衡,在15%培养基中其含量达到60.3mg/g细胞干重.渗透冲击试验表明TA-4细胞内的四氢嘧啶含量受培养基中的盐浓度调控,并且在低渗冲击时能够快速分泌到细胞外,在高渗冲击冲剂后的6h内又可以恢复到原来的90%以上.     

一株溶藻细菌（Pseudoalteromonas sp．）的分离鉴定及溶藻活性初探

从海南洋浦港沉积物中分离到一株具有较强溶藻活性的细菌(编号Z3).通过对该菌株进行形态和生理测试以及16SrDNA序列分析,初步鉴定此菌为交替假单胞菌(Pseudoalteromonas sp.).该菌对链状亚历山大藻(Alexan-drium catenella)和塔马亚历山大藻(Alexandrium tamarense)有溶藻活性,对锥状斯氏藻(Scrippsiella trochoidea)和中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)的生长无影响,表明菌株Z3溶藻活性具有种属特异性.通过该菌的菌体悬浮液和除去菌体滤液对链状亚历山大藻实验表明,此菌株具既有直接溶藻作用又有间接溶藻活性.     

附建式变电站设备振动舒适度评价标准对比

变电站内高压电气设备功率大,工作噪声和振动明显,附建式变电站兼具商业功能,因此,需要合理评估电气设备振动对舒适度的影响。目前舒适度评价方法主要有振级、加速度和速度,文中对国内目前适用于电气设备振动舒适度评价的4本规范和标准进行对比研究,分析了各个规范和标准的评价计算方法选用参数不同时对计算结果的影响。结果表明：1/3倍频程铅垂向振动加速度级有效值和Z振级有效值最适合用于附建式变电站的舒适度评价,同时建议提高计权范围,Z振级计算采用最新的计权因子等。     

半知菌JYX-201菌株对海洋污染重金属反应的研究

从胶州湾污染区域的沉积物样品中筛选获得1株对重金属元素反应敏感的菌株,经鉴定为灰黄青霉(Penicillium griseofulvum),对该菌株在重金属胁迫下的生物学特征及酶的活性变化进行了研究,结果表明,一定量的重金属铜、锌离子对菌株产生显著的影响,并通过形态与色素变化的方式表现出来。当培养基中 Cu2+浓度为125 mg/dm3,Zn2+浓度为800 mg/dm3时,孢子萌发会完全受到抑制,同时菌丝也发生严重变异。菌株色素随着 Cu2+浓度的增加呈现从灰绿色到浅黄色的颜色变化,随着Zn2+浓度的增加呈现从灰绿色到白色的颜色变化。在菌株生长的离子浓度范围内,一定量的 Cu2+浓度能提高 CAT,GOD 酶的活性作用,在Cu2+浓度为25 mg/dm3时活性作用最强;在25～75 mg/dm3时,随着 Cu2+浓度的增加,活性作用逐渐减弱,浓度增加至100 mg/dm3时菌丝不能生长。Cu2+对菌体金属硫蛋白的影响不规则。在 Zn2+浓度为100～400 mg/dm3的培养基中,CAT,GOD酶和金属硫蛋白的活性作用随着Zn2+浓度的增加逐渐增强,在Zn2+浓度为400 mg/dm3时酶和金属硫蛋白活性达到最强。Zn2+浓度增加至600 mg/dm3 时,菌株不能生长。     

Oomycetes and fungi: important parasites on marine algae

Considering that the field is largely unexplored and its importance to aquaculture, outline of oomycetes and fungi parasiting on marine algae was provided in this paper, including 15 species of oomycetes, six species of chytrids, 31 Ascomycota species and one species of mitosporic fungi. In natrue, both the oomycetes and chytrids frequently occurred and induced prevalences of disease which could destroy the populations of host plants greatly. However, the parasites in Ascomycota on algae have never occurred as epidemics so far. Some issues relating to the field were discussed such as performing tests to satisfy Koch''s postulates, investigations of host specificity, interactions between host and parasite and the potential effects of environmental factors on occurrence of a disease, which are urgent in need of further investigations.     

半知菌JYX-201菌株对海洋污染重金属反应的研究

从胶州湾污染区域的沉积物样品中筛选获得1株对重金属元素反应敏感的菌株,经鉴定为灰黄青霉(Penicillium griseofulvum),对该菌株在重金属胁迫下的生物学特征及酶的活性变化进行了研究,结果表明,一定量的重金属铜、锌离子对菌株产生显著的影响,并通过形态与色素变化的方式表现出来。当培养基中 Cu²⁺浓度为125 mg/dm³,Zn²⁺浓度为800 mg/dm³时,孢子萌发会完全受到抑制,同时菌丝也发生严重变异。菌株色素随着 Cu²⁺浓度的增加呈现从灰绿色到浅黄色的颜色变化,随着Zn²⁺浓度的增加呈现从灰绿色到白色的颜色变化。在菌株生长的离子浓度范围内,一定量的 Cu²⁺浓度能提高 CAT,GOD 酶的活性作用,在Cu²⁺浓度为25 mg/dm³时活性作用最强;在25~75 mg/dm³时,随着 Cu²⁺浓度的增加,活性作用逐渐减弱,浓度增加至100 mg/dm³时菌丝不能生长。Cu²⁺对菌体金属硫蛋白的影响不规则。在 Zn²⁺浓度为100~400 mg/dm³的培养基中,CAT,GOD酶和金属硫蛋白的活性作用随着Zn²⁺浓度的增加逐渐增强,在Zn²⁺浓度为400 mg/dm³时酶和金属硫蛋白活性达到最强。Zn²⁺浓度增加至600 mg/dm³ 时,菌株不能生长。     

Nonculturability of the pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus in live culture of Grateloupia turuturu is associated with bacterial attachment to the algal thalli

The invasive red alga Grateloupia turuturu Yamada could turn Vibrio parahaemolyticus into nonculturable state in live algal culture. In order to elucidate the mechanism of such an effect, a series of culture experiments were performed in this investigation based on three hypothesized causes, namely bacterial attachment, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the discharge of water soluble secondary metabolic compounds. The results reveal that attachment to the thallus surface of G. turuturu was the major reason for the decrease of V. parahaemolyticus in seawater. Further investigations show that V. parahaemolyticus attachment to the surface of algal thallus in live cultures of seaweeds was a common phenomenon. However, the disappearance of the culturability of V. parahaemolyticus occurred only on the thallus of G. turuturu over 72 h among all six algal species tested. Electron microscopic scanning shows that most of V. parahaemolyticus attached to G. turuturu changed from the initial normal bacilli to coccoid-shape after 72 h. The enclosure experiments by enclosing the algal thallus in tubes demonstrate that the nonculturability of V. parahaemolyticus in the water of live culture of G. turuturu occurred after the physical contact of the V. parahaemolyticus to the alga. The capacity of G. turuturu in affecting the culturability of V. parahaemolyticus was not influenced after inhibition of photosynthesis by treatment of 3''-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1'',1''-dimethyl urea (DCMU) at non-lethal levels. Production of reactive oxygen species after addition of live culture of bacteria was excluded by on-line analyzing the oxidation of dichlorohydrofluorescein (DCFH) to dichlorofluorescein (DCF) in the presence of peroxidase on a VersaFluor fluorometer.     

烟台海域中度嗜盐菌分离、鉴定和系统进化研究

为研究山东烟台海域中度嗜盐菌的分布情况及种群特征,从烟台近海盐场采集的土样和水样中利用高氏一号培养基分离得到22株中度嗜盐菌。通过菌落形态观察、生理生化特征分析比较,选取其中的9株进行16SrDNA序列分析和系统进化分析,结果表明这些中度嗜盐菌分别属于7个属:芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、枝芽孢杆菌属(Virgibacillus)、薄壁芽孢杆菌属(Gracilibacillus)、刘氏菌属(Liuella)、产微球茎菌属(Microbulbifer)、拟诺卡氏菌属(Nocardiopsis)和交替单胞菌属(Alteromonas),其中菌株YTM-8、YTM-12和YTM-13可能是潜在的新种。以上研究结果表明烟台海域中存在有较为丰富的嗜盐微生物多样性,并且潜藏着新类型的嗜盐菌资源。