Evolution of isotopic compositions in groundwater of the area between the Gulf of Oman and the Arabian Gulf

The stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen have been implemented to assess the recharge mechanisms in an area in the UAE bounded to the northwestern part of the Gulf of Oman and the southeastern part of the Arabian Gulf. The conversion of stable isotopes to deuterium excess was utilized as a supportive tool to understand the process of groundwater recharge. The concluding results of this study showed that the origin of moisture is the Mediterranean Sea. The precipitation is the main source of recharge, in which the precipitation having undergone evaporation before recharge occurs. The comparison between regression line for data collected in 1996 and regression line for samples collected in 2006 suggests that the precipitation water which recharged the groundwater, was diluted with groundwater and this dilution is observed from decreasing of the deuterium excess of collected groundwater samples with increasing isotopes of oxygen. The dilution of groundwater with the recharge water suggests modern-day recharge as it is seen from high deuterium excess that exceeded the deuterium excess of LMWL and was close to MMWL.     

《地球与环境》评介

<正>"地球系列科普读物"编委会策划的其中一书《地球与环境》,2012年由地质出版社出版发行。作者林景星和施倪承编著含33万字、740余幅插图的科普书,是目前难得一见的图文并茂、深入浅出阐释了地球的发生、发展和成长史,用通俗的文字、简明的插图勾画了地学科技界几百年对地球探索所获的地学成果。这些成果,深远的影响了200年来地球上人类快速迈进现代化。现代化的人类生产和生活活动的质量在迅速提高,同时也明显极大影响了美丽的蓝色星球的演变。第四纪,地球经历太多的重大改变。如,地壳板块运动引起的新构造造山运动与地质风化作用联合     

脉状铅锌（铜、银）多金属热液矿床研究进展

目前在矿床学分类研究中对沉积岩容贱金属矿床的命名和分类尚未统一,其中一类赋矿围岩为沉积岩、矿体受构造(断层、褶皱等)控制呈脉状产出的、成矿金属为铅锌铜银多金属的矿床成为缺失环节,缺少系统的归纳总结。但该类矿床是造山作用的产物,对其进行归纳综合分析,有助于了解造山作用中的矿质迁移和沉淀过程。本文将该类矿床资料收集,对其成矿特征、控矿构造、成矿流体、矿质来源等进行分析总结。研究表明,此类矿床与造山作用或造山带有着紧密的联系。成矿物质表现为多源性,包括基底围岩、岩浆来源以及幔源贡献。成矿流体具有岩浆流体、变质流体、盆地卤水等多种来源,部分矿床的成矿流体受大气水影响。该类型矿床与MVT铅锌矿床有相似之处,但在成矿环境、控矿因素、金属来源以及成矿流体来源等方面有较大差异。     

沙特阿拉伯的油气资源及能源政策

沙特阿拉伯位于阿拉伯半岛，东濒波斯湾，西临红海，同约旦、伊拉克、科威特、阿联酋、阿曼、也门等国接壤。国土面积225万平方公里，人口2，276万(2001年），地势西高东低。     

库车——“红色的山崖”

天山山脉南麓新疆库车县城以北60公里左右的山区,这里的风蚀雅丹地貌完全可以和流水侵蚀的丹霞地貌争奇斗艳。庞大的红色山体群形成于中生代的白垩纪,经亿万年的风剥雨蚀,洪流冲刷,形成纵横交错、层叠有序的垅脊与沟槽,远看如诗如画、仙天琼阁;近瞧若人似物、如梦似幻、惟妙惟肖、神韵万端,令人有鬼斧神工、奇景天成之慨叹。山体呈红色,原海底的岩石由于造山运动而形成的直立单斜岩石组成了层层叠叠的构造足迹,分外壮观,与附近不同色彩的山体错落有致、交相辉映。天山神秘大峡谷、红山石林和国道两侧雅丹地貌是著名     

Intracontinental Collisional Orogeny During Late Permian-Middle Triassic in South China: Sedimentary Records of the Shiwandashan Basin

Sedimentary response to an orogenic process is important for determining whether South China had compressional or extensional orogeny during the period from the Late Permian to the Middle Triassic besides the tectonic and magmatologic evidence. An intracontinental collision event took place between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks in the Late Permian. Beginning at the Late Triassic, the tectonic movement was completely changed in nature and entered a post-collisional extensional orogenic and basin-making process. This paper presents sedimentological evidence from the Late Permian to the Middle Triassic in the Shiwandashan basin at the southwestern end of the junction zone between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks.     

江南大陆——扬子江以南之加里东宁山脉

扬子江以南之沅水流域,汨罗水流域,修水流域,乐安江及之江以北,户山黄山以南之地域,亦即桂之极北,黔之东湘之西及北,赣之北,皖之极南,浙之西北,泥盆纪以前地层,包括震旦前纪,震旦纪,寒武纪,奥陶纪及志留纪,分布甚广,造成一约略     

燕山地区喜马拉雅期地壳运动划分及表现特征

摘要：在全面总结燕山地区新生代沉积相和厚度分析、地貌类型及特征、新生代岩浆活动、活动构造类型及特征、延（庆）涿（鹿）地堑盆地及其构造演化、地震地质分析以及大量的同位素年龄测试结果基础上,结合前人对邻区地壳运动划分的意见,系统地将燕山地区喜马拉雅期地壳运动划分为两期、三幕和三亚幕,为我国东部地区建立了一个比较完整的新生代地壳运动年表。     

略论地台区的海进,海退与相邻地槽区的造盆,造山运动伴山的原因

地台区的海进,海退,分别与相邻地槽区的造盆和造山运动伴生这一普遍现象,主要是在重力均衡作用下,上地幔流变层（软流层,异常地幔）物质侧向迁移所致,地槽区造盆运动,该区地壳减薄,从而在重力均衡作用下,相邻地台区的上地幔流变层物质便向该区顺层主,促使其上地幔隆起,地台区上地幔流变层物质大量他流,势必引起地壳沉降,产生海进,华冱地台中石炭世－早二叠世早期整体沉降,形成了中国重要的石炭－二叠纪聚煤区,便成该区地壳加厚,从而在重力均衡作用下,该区隆起的上地幔流变层物质,又流加相邻地台区,促使地台区地壳抬生,产生海退。华北地台区晚奥陶世－早石炭世的抬升肃蚀和从早二叠世晚期起转入陆相沉积发展阶段,便分别与南北两侧的秦岭和中亚－蒙石地槽区于加里东早期和华力西晚期的造山运动相联系。     

龙门山断层的造山机制

龙门山断层的抬升模式过去主要有由下部地壳的流动(Lower crustal channel flow,LCCF)模式与脆性地壳的增厚(Brittle crustal thickening)的变形模式。2008年汶川地震后,一般认为它是源自在浅部由压缩性断层所导致的造山运动,这应无疑义,但深部是否为由LCCF引发的浅部压缩性断层模式或仅为薄壳构造所引起仍有待证实。