浙江沿岸海域经济贝类中有机氯农药和多氯联苯的残留分布与污染评价

对2006年6月和2007年6月采集于浙江沿岸海域12个站位的5种经济贝类样品,采用气相色谱(GC)方法,进行了有机氯农药(HCHs和DDTs)和多氯联苯(PCBs)残留量的检测,分析了不同种类贝类中HCHs、DDTs和PCBs异构体组分特征,探讨了浙江沿岸海域HCHs、DDTs和PCBs残留分布状况、年际变化趋势和DDTs的来源,并与厦门岛东部等5个主要沿海海域进行了污染物残留量的比较。结果表明:(1)调查区各海域贝类中的HCHs、DDTs和PCBs残留量(湿质量)分别为:(ND~7.86)×10-9,(0.72~281.73)×10-9,(ND~97.95)×10-9;残留量(湿质量)平均值分别为:1.50×10-9,33.65×10-9,19.56×10-9。调查区各海域所有贝类中的HCHs残留量,均符合国家一类生物质量标准,DDTs残留量仅在四角蛤蜊中符合国家一类生物质量标准,在其余4种贝类中仅符合国家二类生物质量标准。DDTs残留量平均值明显高于HCHs和PCBs,因此可以将DDTs视为调查区各海域典型的有机氯污染物。(2)在HCHs和DDTs组分中,分别以-αHCH和P,P-′DDT占优势;在PCBs中,以含4~7个氯原子的PCB占主要优势,调查区部分海域有新的HCHs和DDTs污染源。(3)自2006年6月至2007年6月,HCHs和PCBs残留量总体呈下降趋势,而DDTs残留量则呈上升趋势,不同海域的有机氯残留量有较明显差异。DDTs的污染源与农业生产中三氯杀螨醇的使用有关。(4)与厦门岛东部等5个主要沿海地区相比,浙江沿岸海域经济贝类有机氯污染物中,HCHs残留量仍处于较低水平,DDTs残留量处于中等水平,PCBs残留量则处于较高水平。     

上海市滩涂资源调查中的基准面转换问题研究

有关上海市滩涂资源研究的不同资料中,关于上海市滩涂面积的统计数据存在较大差异。究其原因在于计算滩涂面积时所采用的基准面不同。在地理信息系统软件ArcGIS支持下实现了长江口不同基准面之间的转换并将转换结果用于上海市滩涂面积的计算:选取2000年1:120000比例尺的数字化海图,得到基于理论深度基准面的-5m和-2m等深线以上滩涂面积分别为2722.12km2和1399.28km2;转化到吴淞基面相应的滩涂面积分别为:2351.39km2和1005.73km2。不同计算基准可分别导致13.6%和28.1%的统计误差。     

图解山城重庆

【仙女山的雪】重庆仙女山,最高峰2033米,有着10万亩的高山草原。与热气腾腾、火锅飘香的重庆市区不同,冬季的仙女山是一片白雪皑皑,银装素裹的世界。【长江索道】长江索道是重庆独特的城市名片,是万里长江的第一条空中走廊,也是山城人民的空中公交。坐上索道,4分钟时间,索道就能让人们从高楼林立之间穿江而过,感受山城的魔幻立体。     

Study of Panjin Wetlands Along Bohai Coast(Ⅱ):Ecological Water Requirement of Shuangtaizi Estuarine Wetland

Shuangtaizi estuarine wetland along the Bohai Sea coast,the biggest bulrush wetland in the world,has been listed in ‘The Record of Important International Wetland Conservation District’. Taking the year of 2 000 as an example,the minimum,the most suitable and the maximum ecological water requirement of Shuangtaizi estuarine wetland are calculated in this paper based on both ecological theory and Geological Information System technology. In addition,the remote sensing technique is adopted in the data acquisi...     

Adaptation management of mountain tourism service: the case of the source regions of the Yangtze and Yellow River

Mountain areas are often rich in ecological diversity and recreational opportunities. Mountain tourism is thought to be an effective and important means for maintaining and expanding rural economies and, thus, improving the living conditions of rural societies. As mountain tourism service research is a professional field with several disciplines involved, a multi-disciplinary management pIatform is needed and it facilitates participation in sustainable mountain development by diverse stakeholders. With the source regions of the Yangtze and the Yellow River as a case study, this paper presents a conceptual framework for an adaptation management of mountain tourism services according to technical, policy, social and economic dimensions. The framework is based on a vulnerability assessment of mountain ecosystems, and can serve as a reference for the development of tourism service in other mountain areas.     

湖南水资源保卫战

哪怕放在世界地图的版块中,湖南给世人的印象也绝对是一个水资源丰富的所在。其名称的由来——＂位于长江中游以南,洞庭湖以南＂的地理位置,天生就与水资源密不可分。但恰恰是这样一个看似水资源丰富的省份,近年来却频现水荒。     

长江中下游深部找矿取得突破

江苏省镇江市韦岗铁矿位于长江中下游铁（铜）成矿带宁镇成矿区中段,为一隐伏高硫磁铁矿床,累计查明铁矿石总储量为1710万t。随着开采规模的逐步加大,截至2006年底,矿山保有储量为339万t,仅可维持开采4年。2006年12月,韦岗铁矿被列为全国危机矿山接替资源找矿项目。江苏省地调院承担后,在对以往该区勘查资料进行综合研究的基础上,对该矿区成矿地质条件、物探重磁异常进行分析研究,认为矿区地表以下500m～800m有较大矿体赋存的可能。2008年,项目组先后开展了坑探、磁测、钻探等工作,     

三峡库区首获航空遥感数据

日前,中国国土资源航空物探遥感中心成功获取了三峡库区首批高精度航空遥感数据,标志着长江中上游（江津-宜昌段）1：5万航空遥感地质调查项目库区航空遥感调查工作全面展开。三峡地区属中低纬度亚热带气候区,常年以阴雨天居多,日照少,雾气重。为在最短时间内获取库区4万km^2高分辨率航空遥感影像,航遥中心积极与空军协调,     

The black water around the Changjiang (Yangtze) Estuary in the spring of 2003

The Changjiang (Yangtze) Estuary is located in the East China Sea shelf with shallow water. Affected by the tide mixing and the runoff of the Changjiang River and the Qiantang River, the turbidity is very high. Generally, the water-leaving radiance is high in the turbid water because of the large particle scattering. Based on the in-situ data and ocean color remote sensing data of SeaWiFS, it was found that there was a black water region with the normalized water-leaving radiances less than 0.5 mW/(cm2·μm2·...     

A preliminary study of variations of the Changjiang Diluted Water between August of 1999 and 2006

A large area hypoxia has been already reported respectively by two interdisciplinary surveys off the Changjiang Estuary since summer of 1999 and 2006. The hypoxic zone shows distinct year-to-year variations. Observed oceanographic data are first analysized and reveal a big difference for the Changjiang Diluted Water (CDW) between these two periods. These great changes are related to the tremendous reduction of the freshwater discharge and variations of wind fields between these two years. It is also found that the monthly mean intrusion of Kuroshio and its branches has increased in the northern East China Sea (ECS), but decreased in the southern ECS in August of 2006 as compared with 1999 on the base of general circulation models. Then, the Regional Ocean Modelling Systems is applied to the East China Sea to evaluate the contributions and relative importance of impacts from the river discharge, wind forcing and open boundary data. Our simulations reproduce the phenomena that more fresh water extends northeastward in 2006 and forms a negative SSS anomaly to the northeast of the river mouth as compared with 1999, which is consistent with observations. The five group numerical tests suggest that the wind forcing dominates the CDW variations followed by the Kuroshio and its branches. The study implies important roles played by hydrodynamic processes on the variability of hypoxic zone in the study areas.