Adaptation management of mountain tourism service: the case of the source regions of the Yangtze and Yellow River

Mountain areas are often rich in ecological diversity and recreational opportunities. Mountain tourism is thought to be an effective and important means for maintaining and expanding rural economies and, thus, improving the living conditions of rural societies. As mountain tourism service research is a professional field with several disciplines involved, a multi-disciplinary management pIatform is needed and it facilitates participation in sustainable mountain development by diverse stakeholders. With the source regions of the Yangtze and the Yellow River as a case study, this paper presents a conceptual framework for an adaptation management of mountain tourism services according to technical, policy, social and economic dimensions. The framework is based on a vulnerability assessment of mountain ecosystems, and can serve as a reference for the development of tourism service in other mountain areas.     

长江中下游深部找矿取得突破

江苏省镇江市韦岗铁矿位于长江中下游铁（铜）成矿带宁镇成矿区中段,为一隐伏高硫磁铁矿床,累计查明铁矿石总储量为1710万t。随着开采规模的逐步加大,截至2006年底,矿山保有储量为339万t,仅可维持开采4年。2006年12月,韦岗铁矿被列为全国危机矿山接替资源找矿项目。江苏省地调院承担后,在对以往该区勘查资料进行综合研究的基础上,对该矿区成矿地质条件、物探重磁异常进行分析研究,认为矿区地表以下500m～800m有较大矿体赋存的可能。2008年,项目组先后开展了坑探、磁测、钻探等工作,     

文登市治理水患测绘先行

母猪河为文登第一大河,干流总长62．6km,流域面积1115．8km^2,占文登市总面积的62％。由于母猪河下游河道多年没有治理,防洪标准低,给沿河两岸群众财产造成了巨大的损失。2007年的“8·10”特大暴雨,文登市损失达7亿元。近年,文登市委、市政府决定对母猪河下游进行综合治理,清除河道淤积,新建和加固母猪河下游河道堤坝,     

淹没植物对河道糙率的影响

基于河道水动力及植物柔性变形分析,建立淹没状态下的植物河道糙率计算的理论关系,同时,利用试验资料及理论分析成果,进一步获得了植物河道糙率的附加值,借此可以分析与评价河道植物对水流阻力的影响程度.     

河道洪水演进数值模拟及其在GIS平台上的可视化

针对公共安全应急平台中灾害预测预警和应急处置的快速反应需求,建立了基于圣维南方程的河道洪水演进的水动力学模型。采用库朗格式的特征线方法对基本方程进行数值求解,得出水位和流量沿河道的时空变化关系,在此基础上进一步研究了基于GIS的洪水演进可视化方法。最后,通过天然河道模拟实例验证了所建模型的可靠性和实用性。     

长江中下游夏季降水与西北太平洋海温的耦合模态分析

利用NOAA_ERSST海温资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和中国160站降水资料,借用多种统计方法研究了夏季长江中下游地区降水与西北太平洋的耦合关系.奇异值分解(SVD)和相关分析显示出长江中下游夏季降水与西北太平洋夏季海表温度(以下简称"海温")密切相关,而与其他海区没有明显的关系,并且这种关系主要反映年代际变化;夏季多变量经验正交函数展开(MV-EOF)分析结果证明夏季长江中下游降水、东亚-太平洋地区上空850hPa风场、西北太平洋海温之间存在显著的耦合模态,这种耦合模态反映出长江中下游夏季降水异常偏多时,东亚-太平洋上空自南向北有异常的反气旋、气旋、反气旋波列(即东亚-太平洋型遥相关或P-J波列),东亚夏季风偏弱、北界位置偏南.依赖季节的多变量经验正交函数展开(SRMV-EOF)分析结果表明,长江中下游夏季降水与西北太平洋的耦合模态与前期ENSO密切相关:前一年秋季,赤道东太平洋开始出现ENSO信号,冬季发展成熟,同时在菲律宾以东的西北太平洋上空有一个反气旋形成;春季,ENSO开始减弱,西北太平洋出现暖海温异常,反气旋发展;夏季,ENSO信号消失,西北太平洋异常暖海温范围扩大,反气旋发展很强,同时在东亚-太平洋上空出现P-J波列,华南上空的西南风与来自北方的偏北风在长江中下游地区辐合,造成长江中下游夏季降水偏多.     

A preliminary study of variations of the Changjiang Diluted Water between August of 1999 and 2006

A large area hypoxia has been already reported respectively by two interdisciplinary surveys off the Changjiang Estuary since summer of 1999 and 2006. The hypoxic zone shows distinct year-to-year variations. Observed oceanographic data are first analysized and reveal a big difference for the Changjiang Diluted Water (CDW) between these two periods. These great changes are related to the tremendous reduction of the freshwater discharge and variations of wind fields between these two years. It is also found that the monthly mean intrusion of Kuroshio and its branches has increased in the northern East China Sea (ECS), but decreased in the southern ECS in August of 2006 as compared with 1999 on the base of general circulation models. Then, the Regional Ocean Modelling Systems is applied to the East China Sea to evaluate the contributions and relative importance of impacts from the river discharge, wind forcing and open boundary data. Our simulations reproduce the phenomena that more fresh water extends northeastward in 2006 and forms a negative SSS anomaly to the northeast of the river mouth as compared with 1999, which is consistent with observations. The five group numerical tests suggest that the wind forcing dominates the CDW variations followed by the Kuroshio and its branches. The study implies important roles played by hydrodynamic processes on the variability of hypoxic zone in the study areas.     

Numerical Simulation of Water Level Under Interaction Between Runoff and Estuarine Dynamics in Tidal Reach of the Yangtze River

The Yangtze Estuary, the largest estuary in China, is under an obvious interaction between runoff and astronomical tide. The research on the interaction is very important for the exploitation and utilization of water resources in this area. A horizontal 2D hydrodynamic numerical model is established and verified in the present study with the modeling range from Datong to the Yangtze Estuary. Based on the comparison of high water levels under the interaction between different runoff and estuarine dynamics, s...     

The black water around the Changjiang (Yangtze) Estuary in the spring of 2003

The Changjiang (Yangtze) Estuary is located in the East China Sea shelf with shallow water. Affected by the tide mixing and the runoff of the Changjiang River and the Qiantang River, the turbidity is very high. Generally, the water-leaving radiance is high in the turbid water because of the large particle scattering. Based on the in-situ data and ocean color remote sensing data of SeaWiFS, it was found that there was a black water region with the normalized water-leaving radiances less than 0.5 mW/(cm2·μm2·...     

末次盛冰期长江南京段古河槽特征

根据南京长江大桥、三桥、四桥的地质钻孔资料,绘制南京段长江古河槽地质剖面示意图,对拟建南京长江四桥附近的4个钻孔进行了采样分析,从钻孔沉积物样品的14C年代及阶地形成时间可以判断,南京段约-60~-90 m的深槽为末次盛冰期时的长江河槽,钻孔揭示,南京段长江古河槽狭窄陡峭,呈V型,在南京长江大桥附近形成局部深切。