西秦岭中酸性侵入岩岩石化学特征及成因探讨

Widespread in West Qinling are intermediate-acid intrusive rocks, which cover 85% of the total area and involve five geological periods: (1) Caledonian (457---408 m.y.), (2)Variscan (367--278m.y.), (3) Indosinian (231--190m.y.), (4) Yenshanian (186--107m.y.), and (5) Himalayan, with Indosinian and Yenshanian granitic rocks being dominant. The bulk petrochemical composition of these intermediateacid rocks is: SiO2 64.91,TiO2 0.5, Fe2O5 1.19, FeO 3.07, Mn 0.08, MgO 2.38, CaO 3.52, Na2O 3.40, K2O 3.38 and P2O5 0.16, similar to that of granodiorite in China. According to M. A. Peacock‘s classlfication, the intermediate-acid rocks in this region, for the most part, belong to the calci-alkalic series and only a part of them (e.g. Yenshanian) to the alkali-lime series. As for these rocks, two genetic types can be distinguished: remelting-metasomatic granitic rocks (Rb/Sr 0.73---4.2, K/Rb 104--207, K/St 146---463; the principal components including W, Sn, Ta, Pb, Zn, U, Th, Zr, Y, Yb, Nb, La, Rb, etc. ) and upper mantle remelting-magmatic granitic rocks consisting mainly of granodiorite and quartz diorite (Rb/Sr 0.05--0.6, K/Rb 200--726 (the maximum 1000.7), K/St 10--120 (the maximum 152); Cu, As, Mo, Fe, Cr, Ni, Co, Mn, Ti, etc. as the major components).     

内蒙古拜仁达坝西区锌多金属矿床脉岩成矿及成因探讨

内蒙古拜仁达坝西区锌多金属矿床是受断裂构造、斜长角闪岩控制的中温热液脉状矿床。近矿体斜长角闪岩分布控制铜、锌铜、银铅锌、银铅矿体空间分布,矿区围岩自上而下、由西至东呈现:石英闪长岩、斜长角闪岩→石英闪长岩→石英闪长岩、斜长角闪岩,矿体自上而下、由西至东呈现:银铅锌、银铅矿体→锌矿体→铜、铜锌矿体,对应规律明显。燕山期脉岩提供了热源,海西期斜长角闪岩提供成矿物质来源。斜长角闪岩是银铅锌、银铅、银锌矿体及铜、锌铜矿体的围岩,也是成矿母岩。     

降水中甲酸和乙酸研究综述

对大气降水中甲酸和乙酸的相关研究进行了综述。介绍了过去曾采用的研究降水样品中两种有机酸的处理和分析方法,以及目前最常用的实验室分析方法。对降水中两种有机酸的浓度范围、全球时空分布以及受影响因素等相关研究工作进行了系统归纳,并且结合理论计算说明了有机酸对降水酸度的影响是不可忽视的。介绍了历史研究工作中得出的降水中两种有机酸的来源,包括天然源、人为源和有机物的二次化学转化等,以及有机酸源研究对于开展其它降水有机酸工作的研究意义。     

辽宁省酸性岩体的重力场解释及找矿

据辽宁省１：２０万重力资料,采用”人机联作重,磁资料解释“软件系统,反演了碱厂,三股流等中生代酸性岩体的埋深,形态和产状。重力场解释结果表明：（１）太古代－古元古代隆起区规模越大,酸性岩浆活动越频繁;（２）辽宁省酸性岩随时代新而增多;（３）酸性岩体的磁性随时代变新而增强;（４）岩浆活动受断裂控制。     

吉林省南部集安大石湖-大台子铜矿化区中生代中酸性杂岩岩石成因与地球动力学背景

吉林省南部集安地区大石湖-大台子一带热液铜矿化发育,其矿化与该区二长闪长岩、闪长玢岩、二长斑岩及正长花岗岩等中酸性杂岩有着密切的空间关系。为了确定其成矿时代下限和地球动力学背景,在野外调研的基础上,开展了中酸性杂岩的岩相学、锆石U-Pb同位素年代学、元素地球化学和锆石Lu-Hf同位素示踪研究。结果揭示：二长闪长岩、闪长玢岩、二长斑岩及正长花岗岩均为中生代早白垩世岩浆作用的产物,锆石U-Pb结晶年龄分别为(122.7±1.8)(122.0±1.9)(120.1±1.5)和(121.4±1.9)Ma,矿化系统的岩浆就位发生在早白垩世(122.7～120.1 Ma),指示大石湖-大台子铜矿化区的矿化时代晚于或近似等于120.1 Ma;元素地球化学数据揭示它们均以轻稀土元素(LREEs)和大离子亲石元素(LILEs)富集,相对亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素(HFSEs),Eu异常不明显为特征,均属高钾钙碱性准铝质系列岩石,是同源岩浆不同演化序列的产物;锆石Lu-Hf同位素分析结果表明,二长闪长岩的ε_Hf(t)值变化范围为-7.5～-5.2、T_DM2...     

酸性污染物欧拉型输送转化模式的研究

数值模式是研究酸性污染及其长距离输送特性的一种重要方法。７０年代以来，国内外发展了许多欧拉型的输送转化模式，我国在欧拉型酸性污染物长距离输送模式的研究中也取得了重要进展。主要介绍了国内外的欧拉酸性污染物输送转化模式，并就模式的发展方向进行了讨论。     

酸性高锰酸盐指数的准确测定及影响因素探讨

采用酸性法对水质中高锰酸盐指数进行了测定,分析了影响其准确测定的因素,探讨了反应体系酸碱度、高锰酸钾标准溶液浓度、加热反应时间、滴定温度及滴定时间对酸性高锰酸盐指数准确测定的影响。实验表明：当反应体系的pH值小于2．0、高锰酸钾标准溶液浓度在0．0100mol／L左右、加热反应时间为30min、滴定温度保持在70℃～80℃、滴定操作时间控制在2min内时,酸性高锰酸盐指数测定的准确性较高。     

Hydrogeochemical controls on surface and groundwater chemistry in naturally acidic, porphyry-related mineralized areas, southern Rocky Mountains

In southern Rocky Mountains, catchments characterized by acidic, metalliferous waters that are relatively unaffected by human activity usually occur within areas that have active or historical mining activity. The US Geological Survey has utilized these mineralized but unmined catchments to constrain geochemical processes that control the surface- and ground-water chemistry associated with near surface acid weathering as well as to estimate premining conditions. Study areas include the upper Animas River watershed, Lake City, Mt. Emmons, and Montezuma in Colorado and Questa in New Mexico. Although host-rock lithologies range from Precambrian gneisses to Cretaceous sedimentary units to Tertiary volcanic complexes, mineralization is Tertiary in age and associated with intermediate to felsic composition, porphyritic plutons. Pyrite is ubiquitous. Variability of metal concentrations in water is caused by two main factors： mineralogy and hydrology. Parameters that potentially affect water chemistry include： host-rock lithology, intensity of hydrothermal alteration, sulfide mineralogy and chemistry, gangue mineralogy, length of flow path, precipitation, evaporation, and redox conditions. Springs and headwater streams have pH values as low as 2.5, sulfate up to 3700 mg/L and high dissolved metal concentrations （for example： Al up to 170 mg/L; Fe up to 250 mg/L; Cu up to 3.5 mg/L and Zn up to 14 mg/L）. With the exception of evaporative waters, the lowest pH values and highest Fe and Al concentrations occur in water draining the most intense hydrothermally altered areas consisting of the mineral assemblage quartz-sericite-pyrite. Stream beds tend to be coated with iron floc, and some reaches are underlain by ferricrete. When iron-rich ground water interacts with oxygenated waters in the stream or hyporheic zone, ferrous iron is oxidized to ferric iron, which is less soluble, leading to the precipitation of iron oxyhydroxides.     

鸡西立新煤矿三井北区构造预测

一、地质概况鸡西煤田位于黑龙江省东部地区,煤系地层为晚侏罗系一早白垩系鸡西群,长约100km,宽约50km,为一北东一南西向展布的长条形地带。这套地层不整合于前古生代变质岩之上,自下而上分为：滴道组、城子河组、穆棱组;滴道组为中性、中酸性火山岩及火山碎屑岩,含不稳定薄煤层,不整合于元古代麻山群之上,厚度约50m～1000m;城子河组由砂岩、泥岩、凝灰岩和煤层组成,含煤40余层,可采层达15层以上,     

内蒙古金厂沟梁地区晚三叠世脉岩地球化学特征及成岩动力学背景

金厂沟梁位于张家口-赤峰-朝阳金矿集区东端, 区内发育大量规模不等的脉岩, 岩性以闪长岩、闪长玢岩为主.对其进行了锆石U-Pb年龄、主微量元素及Sr-Nd同位素分析.脉岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄值可分为三组: 2 458~2 524 Ma、253±6 Ma(MSWD=3.0)及228±1 Ma(MSWD=0.26).2.5 Ga锆石反映成岩过程中有古老地壳物质参与, 253 Ma锆石可能与古亚洲洋闭合时的岩浆事件有关, 228 Ma则为脉岩的形成年龄.脉岩SiO₂(51.22%~68.48%)、MgO(1.35%~8.13%)含量变化较大, 且具有高Na₂O+K₂O、Al₂O₃及低的TiO₂、P₂O₅含量等特征.岩石LREE及LILE富集, HFSE亏损.脉岩(87Sr/86Sr)_i比值较为一致(0.704 95~0.705 92), 而ε_Nd(t)(-0.2~-9.5)及T_2DM(1.02~1.77 Ga)值变化范围较大.主微量元素及同位素研究结果表明: 部分熔融的岩石圈地幔熔体底侵到壳幔边界, 诱发古老地壳物质的部分熔融, 随后发生的幔源熔体与壳源熔体的混合是脉岩最可能的源区过程.主微量元素构造判别图解指示岩石形成于陆弧向板内演化的构造环境; 结合区域上同时代脉岩群、碱性岩带及A2型花岗岩的侵位, 认为晚三叠世华北板块北缘已完成与蒙古弧地体的碰撞并进入造山后伸展阶段.