叠前时间偏移技术在八宝矿区的应用

八宝矿区总体构造形态为不对称的向斜构造,北翼岩层倾角达60°～80°,南翼倒转,矿区断层较多,三维地震叠后时间偏移成像困难,为此进行了三维叠前时间偏移外理。在本次地震资料处理中,选取偏移孔径为5000,依据CRP道集拉平程度确定叠前时间偏移速度场,以区内CMP道集内的炮检距分布情况确定最大、最小炮检距和炮检距增量,并将反假频距离确定为CMP间距的1～1.5倍。通过对比叠前、叠后时间偏移剖面,可以发现叠前时间偏移剖面能够较好地反眏深层构造及大倾角地层情况,其信噪比较高,地震剖面同相轴连续性好,断点清晰,处理效果显著。     

GPS快速静态方法在黄山风景区测设像控点中的应用

从GPSRTK技术在高山地区受到限制的情况下,通过采取快速静态和GPSRTK技术相结合的方法保证作业时间以及定位的精度,从而提高作业效率和加强质量控制。采用GPS快速静态GPSPTK相结合定位技术的精度及效率在黄山风景区像控工作中得到验证。     

前言

兴文石海世界地质公园位于四川省宜宾市兴文县,地处四川盆地南部与云贵高原过渡地带。公园内石灰岩广泛分布,特殊的地理位置、地质构造环境和气候环境条件形成了"兴文式喀斯特"岩溶地貌,     

论VAM的适宜时间

垂直角观测(vAM)的质量与作业时间有关.通过对大气折光角及其起伏的日变化规律的分析,提出了一种根据动态照准误差确定vAM的有利与不利时间的方法.与传统的观点相比较,采用该法确定的适宜时间将具有更高的参考价值.     

GPS方位角及其在导线测量中的应用研究

本文以三、四等和一级导线测量为例,针对利用GPS技术测定导线已知方位角中诸如应满足的精度、应遵守的基本技术规定、起算点坐标的联测、方位角系统转换及对导线的作用等基本问题进行了分析探讨。     

基于MODIS反演祁连山七一冰川雪粒径

基于MODIS 500 m分辨率数据,利用MODTRAN 4+模型和可见光波段、近红外波段的波段比方法反演雪粒径,建立1个消融期内的雪粒径变化的时间序列,通过采集七一冰川上设立的观测点对应时间段内雪粒径验证MODIS模拟的雪粒径值,结合位于观测点附近的气象站的气温数据,探讨气温对雪粒径的影响。结果表明,雪粒径的增长存在着明显的日变化趋势;模拟的雪粒径普遍高于实测的雪粒径值,因此反演模型需要约为1.1倍的校正因子;气温对雪粒径的影响显著。     

教材中的活动内容选择及其效果研究——以高中人教版《地理》必修一为例

一、引言新课标明确提出,“学习对生活有用的地理、学习对终身发展有用的地理”。足见地理学习的重要性,以及新课标注重地理学习实用性的特点。同时,通过地理学习培养学生的自我探究能力也是新课标的重要目标之一。高中阶段的地理知识涉及面广,且更有深度。加上新课改后教学时间缩短,所以教与学都有一定难度。对于高中地理老师来说,在有限的课堂时间里如何让学生掌握知识、理解知识并学会运用知识是非常重要的。     

A review on statistical models for identifying climate contributions to crop yields

Statistical models using historical data on crop yields and weather to calibrate relatively simple regression equations have been widely and extensively applied in previous studies, and have provided a common alternative to process-based models, which require extensive input data on cultivar, management, and soil conditions. However, very few studies had been conducted to review systematically the previous statistical models for indentifying climate contributions to crop yields. This paper introduces three main statistical methods, i.e., time-series model, cross-section model and panel model, which have been used to identify such issues in the field of agrometeorology. Generally, research spatial scale could be categorized into two types using statistical models, including site scale and regional scale (e.g. global scale, national scale, provincial scale and county scale). Four issues exist in identifying response sensitivity of crop yields to climate change by statistical models. The issues include the extent of spatial and temporal scale, non-climatic trend removal, colinearity existing in climate variables and non-consideration of adaptations. Respective resolutions for the above four issues have been put forward in the section of perspective on the future of statistical models finally.     

考虑非达西效应的边水气藏水平井见水时间预测模型

边水气藏水平井见水后产量下降,准确预测见水时间有利于选择合理的开发及配产方式、提高边水气藏采收率.考虑水侵速度、储层倾角及气相非达西效应等因素,建立边水气藏水平井见水时间预测模型;计算P边水气藏W井的见水时间,与未考虑水侵速度等因素的见水时间对比,并对影响因素进行敏感性分析.结果表明:水侵过程中,水质点向井底移动的速度...     

Preliminary study on aftershock decay rate of the 2013 Ms7.0 Lushan earthquake

We obtained a catalog of early aftershocks of the 2013 Lushan earthquake by examining waveform from a nearby station MDS which is 30.2 km far away from the epicenter, and then we analyzed the relation between aftershock rate and time. We used time-window ratio method to identify aftershocks from continuous waveform data and compare the result with the catalog provided by China Earthquake Networks Center （CENC）. As expected, a significant amount of earthquakes is missing in CENC catalog in the 24 h after the main shock. Moreover, we observed a steady seismicity rate of aftershocks nearly in the first 10,000 s before an obvious power-law decay of aftershock activity. We consider this distinct early stage which does not fit the Omori law with a constant p （p - 1） value as early aftershock deficiency （EAD）, as proposed by previous studies. Our study suggests that the main shock rupture process is different from aftershocks＇ processes, and EAD can vary in different cases as compared to earthquakes of strike-slip mechanism in California.