Theoretical Study on Stochastic Modeling of Combined Gravity-Magnetic-Electric-Seismic Inversion and Its Application

As gravity field,magnetic field,electric field and seismic wave field are all physical fields,their object function,reverse function and compound function are certainly infinite contiuously differentiable func-tions which can be expanded into Taylor (Fourier) series within domain of definition and be further reduced in-to solving stochastic distribution function of series and statistic inference of optimal approximation,This is the basis of combined gravity-magnetic-electric-seismic inversion built on the basis of separation of field and source gravity-magnetic difference-value(D-value)trend surface,taking distribution-independent fault sys-tem as its unit,depths of seismic and electric interfaces of interests as its corresponding bivariate compound re-verse function of gravity-magnetic anomalies and using high order polynomial(high order trigonometric func-tion)approximating to its series distribution,The difference from current dominant inversion techniques is that,first,it does not respectively create gravity-seismic,magnetic-seismic deterministic inversion model from theoretical model,but combines gravity-magnetic-electric-seismic stochastic inversion model from stochastic model;second,after the concept of equivalent geological body being introduced,using feature of independent variable of gravity-magnetic field functions,taking density and susceptibility related to gravity-magnetic func-tion as default parameters of model,the deterministic model is established owing to better solution to the con-tradictioc of difficulty in identifying strata and less test analytical data for density and susceptibility in newly explored area;third,under assumption of independent parent distribution,a real modeling by strata,the prob-lem of difficult plane closure arising in profile modeling is avoided,This technology has richer and more detailed fault and strata information than sparse pattern seismic data in newly explored area,successfully inverses and plots structural map of Indosinian discontinuty in Hefei basin with combined gravity-magnetic-electric-seismic inversion,With development of high precision gravity-magnetic and overall geophysical technology,it is certain for introducing new methods of stochastic modeling and computational intelligence and promoting the develop-ment of combined gravity-magnetic-electric-seismic inversion to open a new substantial and promoting the develop-ment of combined gravity-magnetic-electric-seismic inversion to open a new substantial path.     

荒漠戈壁下垫面表面动量和感热湍流通量参数化研究

用合理筛选以后的野外观测资料，研究了荒漠戈壁地表湍流通量参数化的问题。首先，分析了Monin-obukhov相似函数的特征，并拟台出了其经验公式。结果表明，风速和温度相似性函数随稳定度参数的变化曲线与典型经验曲线差异较小，并且在经验曲线分布范围以内，但中性时的值有所不同。同时，还用该资料给出了动量和标量粗糙度(感热粗糙度)长度的平均值及其标量粗糙度随摩擦速度的变化关系。发现标量粗糙度的平均值大约比动量粗糙度的小一个量级，并且随摩擦速度的增大而减小，但明显比其理论预测值要大。     

IRIS和我们星球表面

地球表层的原动力产生于岩石层对使其变形的驱动力的响应。板块构造理论对海洋岩石层的运动做了很好的解释,海洋岩石层的年龄一般少于200Ma。大陆岩石层典型地记录了十亿年来的地质演化过程。即使是对现代变形,也很难估算大陆岩石层的应力平衡。假使地球应力场可以直接测量,例如,使用钻孔崩裂测量方法,也需要根据岩石层几何形态及物理状态来将这些点上的应力值外推到整个地球。实时形变的GPS测量观测的是瞬时应变场,只有用合适的本构关系才能把它和应力场联系起来。地震数据对调查我们星球表层内过去和现代运动的地下记录是很必要的。岩石层成象是不容易的,垂向和侧向上的强烈变化的范围相当于用来探测地壳结构的地震波长的范围。这些变化改变了地震波的传播途径,在地表记录的地震波场中产生复杂的图象。岩石层的结构可以描绘成一个三维非均匀波谱,这个波谱可延伸的波段很宽,且仅仅是局部稳定的,需要不同的地震探测方法来重建这种复杂的波数谱,即岩石层的结构。反射地震学为识别陆壳的细结构提供了最高分辨率手段,其分辨率在深部地壳大约为数百米,在浅部地壳可达几米。折射地震学为地壳和上地幔地震波速的变化提供了从某种程度上说更粗略一些的测量方法,其分辨率大约为数公里至数十公里,在区域地震台阵中的地方震测量可提供5～10km规模的构造信息,以及高精度的地震活动性图。在线性分布和区域性分布的便携式地震台阵中,远震信号的宽频带测量可提供地壳总体结构的信息,还可提供地幔结构的最高分辨率,通常为30km的大小。用所提供的三种方法来提高分辨率,并结合不同尺度的测量结果是地震研究的重要内容。     

土壤表面蒸发阻力模型与田间测定方法

土壤表面蒸发阻力是计算土壤蒸发率的关键参数。本文讨论土壤表面蒸发阻力的概念，一层，二层理论模型与经验模型，并以在澳大利亚进行的田测定为例，说明田间测定与计算方法，并以计算沟中的蒸发率为例，介绍其应用方法。     

黄铁矿表面及其与Au（HS）2^—溶液作用的STM研究

本文用ＳＴＭ研究了黄铁矿和方铅矿表面的原子结构、纳米级微形貌、电子态分布及其吸附态的特点。ＳＴＭ电流图象揭示了表面缺陷与表面电子态之间的对应关系，硫化和的表面的化学反应活性可能是表现缺陷引起的局域导电性增强有关。ＳＴＭ观察进一步表明黄铁矿和方铅矿对金的硫氢配合物的吸附作用优先发生于扭折位和台阶边缘等高能部位，反映出吸附态的分布也是与表面电子态分布相对应的。这样就从微观领域考证了硫化物表面对化学活性     

程海断裂带断层泥中石英碎砾表面SEM特征及断层活动状态的分析

根据断层泥中石英碎砾表面SEM特征的鉴定研究，可将程海断裂中、北段断层泥中石英碎砾表面SEM形貌特征分为6类，这表明该段断裂经历了长期多期次活动，强烈活动时间在中晚更新世；5件样品中均未见破裂类(Io)的石英颗粒，表明程海断裂全新世以来强烈活动的频度相对较低。石英碎砾表面机械作用特征的分类统计研究显示：程海断裂中、北段晚更新世以来，断层所经历的活动方式以粘滑活动为主。     

拟建崇明越江通道高填土路堤稳定性评估

拟建崇明越江通道高填土路基为软土地基,地面标高低,地下水位高,工程地质条件差,需要对高填土路堤的稳定性进行评估.本文分别对5m、8m高的粉煤灰和灰土路堤进行路基抗滑稳定性分析和沉降验算.     

A Preliminary Analysis of Relations Between Tectonic Deformation of Sedimentary Cover and Basement in Kuqa Depression

Study of seismic activity in the Kuqa area enables us to infer some possible active faults in basement from the epicentral distribution on different profiles. The relations between active faults in the basement and surface structures are analyzed and the difference between sedimentary cover and basement in their deformation characteristics and the genesis are discussed. The following conclusions have been drawn : ( 1 ) the epicentral distribution indicates that, the east Qiulitag and south and north Qiulitag deep faults in the basement correspond to the east and west Qiulitag anticlines, respectively. Moreover, deep faults also exist beneath the Yiqiklik and Yaken anticlines. It indicates that the formation of surface structures is controlled by deep structures; (2) A NE-trending strike-slip fault develops along the line from the western termination of Yiqiklik structure to Dongqiu Well 5 and a NW-trending active fault on the western side of Baicbeng. The two active faults across the tectonic strike are the main causes for tectonic segmentation of the Kuqa depression and possibly the cause for the middle segment (Kuqa-Baicheng) of the depression to be more shortened than both its eastern and western terminations; (3) The difference between the sedimentary cover and basement in their deformation characteristics depends mainly on the different properties of media between them.The lithospheric strength of the basement in the basin is fairly high, which determines the basement deformation to be mainly of brittle fracture seismic activity. While the strength of sedimentary cover is low, where there exist weak thin layers, such as coal and gyps. Under the effect of strong tectonic compression, the sedimentary rocks may undergo strong viscous or plastic flow deformation; meanwhile, an aseismic detachment may take place along the weak layers.     

裂变径迹长度测量标准化研究——锆石蚀刻标准探讨

通过不同时间蚀刻的锆石径迹长度测量,确定海南迅速冷却火山型锆石的水平封闭径迹(HCT)平均长度L＝10.93 μm,标准偏差为0.93 μm,可作为锆石长度测量的参照标准.对锆石的蚀刻标准进行了探讨,确立垂直C轴的表面径迹宽度Dpar为(1.0±0.5)μm的蚀刻标准,要求Dpar>1 μm和Dpar<1 μm的颗粒数应大致相当,以及封闭径迹宽度DHCT<1.0 μm的测量标准.     

曲线铁路路基下沉病害检测与分析

以阐明曲线铁路路基下沉病害检测、基床强度评估和病害成因分析方法为目标，采用轻便动力触探试验和土工试验方法对沪宁线下行k55 450-k55 500曲线路基下沉病害段进行了试验测试，根据轻便动力触探和土工试验结果，计算出曲线路基基床承载力，与曲线线路路基中总应力进行比较，评估了基床强度状况，分析出该段曲线铁路路基病害产生的成因。