Effects of human activities on mercury in the environment in Xi＇an area, China

Effects of mercury on ecosystems and human health are well documented. Human activities have significant impacts on transport, transformation, and fate of mercury in the natural environment. In this study, a gold mining area （Tongchuan）, an urban area （Xi＇an）, and a historical site （Qinshihuan Tomb） in Shaanxi Province, China, was chosen to study the effects of human activities on the transport, transformation, and fate of mercury in the area. Samples of atmospheric precipitate, soil, sediment, pomegranate, corn and those from wells and the rivers that flow through or flow by the city and from the mining area were collected. The EPA methods were used for sample preparation and analysis of these samples. These methods combine acid digestion, chemical reduction, purge and trap with Cold Vapor Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry （CVAFS）. Preliminary results showed high total mercury concentrations in the water samples collected from a river in Tongguan County. The total mercury concentrations ranged from 133 to 188 ng/L in the water samples collected from the rivers flowing through Xi＇an City. The amount of total mercury in the soil/sediment samples which were collected in the vicinity of Xi＇an ranged from 31.8 to 83.2 ng/g. The total mercury concentrations in the samples of atmospheric precipitate （including rain and snow collected from Sep. 2005 to Jan. 2006） ranged from 106-298 ng/L.     

Total gaseous mercury emissions from mercury-enriched soil in Guizhou, China

Guizhou is located in the Circum-Pacific Global Mercuriferous Belt, and mercury concentrations in soil in this area are enriched. In-situ total gaseous mercury （TGM） exchange fluxes between air and soil surface were intensively measured at four sampling sites in Guiyang from 21 May to 16 June, 2003, and five sites in the Lanmuchang mercury mining area in December 2002 and May 2003, respectively. The in-situ Hg flux measurement was conducted with a dynamic flux chamber （DFC） of quartz. Overall, net emissions were obtained from all sampling sites. Soil mercury concentration and solar radiation have been proved to be the two most important parameters to control mercury emissions from soil. Meanwhile, rain events can enhance mercury emission rate significantly.     

贵州关岭生物群双壳类化石的古生态特征

笔者描述了采集于贵州关岭生物群中4种双壳类化石,即顾氏海燕蛤HalobiakuiChen,平脊海燕蛤HalobiaplanicostaYinetHsü,斜锉蛤未定种Plagiostomasp.和麻生海扇未定种Asoellasp.。标本保存良好,时代为晚三叠世卡尼期早—中期。依据双壳类化石的古生态特征及沉积环境分析,指出在卡尼期早—中期,由于大量淡水的注入,关岭地区海水发生间歇性缺氧(或贫氧)事件,从而导致浮游或假浮游类型为主的双壳类化石的灭亡。     

贵州多雨、少雨年高度距平场环流特征分析

为了解贵州夏季降水异常与同期高、中、低层环流系统的异常有何关系，在1958-1997年贵州夏季降水中选出6个多、少雨年，与同期环流距平场进行合成分析，结果表明：在多、少雨年环境距平场具有明显不同的特征。贵州多雨年南亚高压较常年偏弱，西太平洋副热带高压较常年偏南偏强。在贵州少雨年，南压高压呈西弱东强的特征，西太平洋副热带高压较常年偏北偏强。     

贵州省2001年气候影响评价

1　气候概况　　 2 0 0 1年年平均气温偏暖 ,年降水量正常偏少 ,年日照时数偏少。各季情况为 :冬季全省气温普遍偏高 ,降水量偏少 ,雪凝天气轻 ,是明显的暖冬 ;春季平均气温正常略偏高 ,降水量偏少 ,倒春寒轻 ,冰雹重 ;夏季降雨总体正常略偏多 ,时空分布极不均匀 ,平均气温总体正常略偏低 ;秋季平均气温偏高 ,降水量偏少 ,日照充足 ,晴朗天气多。2 0 0 1年气象灾害发生频繁 ,主要有暴雨洪涝、伏旱、秋风、冰雹等灾害性天气。干旱灾情比较严重 ,春季出现了春旱 ,盛夏出现了持续时间较长、范围广的伏旱 ,秋季还出现了干旱 ,给工农业生产及人民…     

贵州西南部旅游气候资源及其开发利用

对贵州西南部旅游气候进行了分析，并介绍区域内较典型的自然景观和人文景观，神奇独特的喀斯特地貌自然风光，别具一格的历史文化和民族风情，舒适宜人的气候条件等等，这必将吸引越来越多的中外游人，从而也带动该地的经济发展。     

"2002.5.13"黔南暴雨天气过程分析

从环流形势特征、T213数值预报产品和雷达回波等方面对2002年5月13日黔南州暴雨天气过程进行了分析总结，得出暴雨天气的发生与高空槽、低涡切变系统的活动以及高、中、低层数值预报产品的有利配合密切相关。丰富的水汽输送、高层辐散和低层辐合的抽气机效应是暴雨产生的必要条件。     

贵州黔东南州2001年9月高温少雨气候分析

2001年9月黔东南州的持续高温少雨天气为历史少见，对人们的生活和生产均有很大的影响。本文从黔东南州现有气象资料统计入手，对十六个县（市）气象资料进行统计分析，探讨造成黔东南的9月份高温少雨天气的主要天气系统及特征，从而得出结论，2001年9月持续高温少雨确为历史少见，高温少雨的影响不可忽视。     

高压旋喷复合地基在灰岩地区高层建筑地基基础中的应用

现代建筑工程中的高层、超高层建筑的基础类型，大部分采用桩基础。对于灰岩地区，由于工程地质条件较差，存在大量的土洞、软土层、溶洞、节理、裂隙等不良地质现象，往往极大地影响着桩基础的设计与施工。花都区人民医院新门诊大楼采用高压旋喷复合地基加箱型基础，克服了灰岩地区的各种不良地质现象的影响，增加了基础施工的安全性。实践证明，高压旋喷桩复合地基在灰岩地区高层建筑地基基础中的应用具有推广价值。