利用斜井钻孔崩落资料反演冀中坳陷上地壳应力状态

介绍了用斜井钻孔崩落法分析应力状态的正演方法和反演方法．根据冀中坳陷中部地区和南部地区两个地点共6口斜井的钻孔崩落资料,利用正、反演相结合的方法分析了两个地点的水平主应力方向和主应力的相对大小．结果表明,在冀中坳陷中部地区(饶阳凹陷内)和南部地区(深县凹陷),水平最大主压应力方向分别为N86E和N77E,上地壳浅部(深度1 000～4 000 m)的应力状态因地点而异,其中冀中坳陷中部地区的3个主压应力的相对大小为SH:SV:Sh=1.38:1.00:0.57,即处在走滑型应力状态;而在冀中坳陷南部地区,3个主压应力的相对大小为SH:SV:Sh=0.80:1.00:0.62,即处于正断层型应力状态．     

东海地区现代构造应力场及其成因探讨

分析了东海东南部地区5口3 000余米深、井径测井段千余米至两千米长的钻孔孔壁崩落特征,结合以前分析过的另外11口深钻孔的孔壁崩落特征,推断出东海地区的最大水平主压应力方向为NE-SW向,水平差应力不强．分析了冲绳海槽和琉球岛弧地区1977～1998年中心地震矩张量解的P,T轴方位分布．结果表明,冲绳海槽地区的P轴方向多为NE-SW向,与海槽延伸方向一致．海槽地区地震震源机制解的T轴方向为NE-SW向,与海槽延伸方向垂直．这些特征说明,菲律宾海板块对东海地区的水平作用并不是挤压,而是拉张．利用二维弹性有限元模拟法研究了东海地区现代应力场的成因．结果表明,东海地区应力场和台湾地区的强烈北西向挤压与琉球岛弧的弧后扩张有关．东海地区水平差应力不强可能是该地区强地震少的动力原因．      

中国煤和烃源岩镜质组的激光诱导荧光显微特征及其应用

应用自行组装的激光诱导荧光显微光度计(LIFM)系统地研究了中国煤和烃源岩中镜质组的荧光强度及荧光变化，建立了镜质组的荧光变化与成熟度之间的相关模式图(R-I-VRo)，该图可解决镜质组反射率抑制问题，并将烃源岩成熟度评价范围扩展到VRo达2．0％左右，该方法对于正确评价烃源岩成熟度具有广泛的应用前景。     

Role of Black Carbon-Induced Changes in Snow Albedo in Predictions of Temperature and Precipitation during a Snowstorm

In this study the authors apply the chemistry version of the Weather Research and Forecasting model （WRF-Chem） to examine the impacts of black carbon （BC）-induced changes in snow albedo on simulated temperature and precipitation during the severe snowstorm that occurred in southern China during 0800 26 January to 0800 29 January 2008 （Note that all times are local time except when otherwise stated）. Black carbon aerosol was simulated online within the WRF-Chem. The model resuits showed that surface-albedo, averaged over 27-28 January, can be reduced by up to 10% by the deposition of BC. As a result, relative to a simulation that does not consider deposition of BC on snow/ice, the authors predicted surface air temperatures during 27-28 January can differ by -1.95 to 2.70 K, and the authors predicted accumulated precipitation over 27-28 January can differ by -2.91 to 3.10 mm over Areas A and B with large BC deposition. Different signs of changes are determined by the feedback of clouds and by the availability of water vapor in the atmosphere.     

企鹅珍珠贝亲贝培育与诱导催产的研究

本文对企鹅珍珠贝亲贝培育、人工催产进行了研究。结果表明，室内水池培育达一星期，暂养期间人工诱导不排精产卵的亲贝，移至天然海区吊养，可提高亲贝成活率，有利于性腺发育，换水或短时间露空后，投喂过量的饵料，能有效诱导企鹅珍珠贝排精产卵。     

摘除眼柄诱导斑节对虾成熟产卵的研究

本实验结果表明,摘除斑节对虾(Penaeus monodon Fabficius)左或右侧眼柄,可以诱导卵巢发育成熟产卵,且成活率高,亦不影响正常摄食和交配活动。不摘除眼柄和摘除两侧眼柄,迄今尚未见到卵巢发育之虾。 实验还表明:选择雌虾体长210mm、体重140g以上,在水温27—3l℃,盐度30—35‰,pH值7.2—8.5,弱光(光照度100—500Ix),光质为蓝或绿光,溶解氧4mg/L以上,外界环境尽量避免干扰,微循环水流动,饵料以贝类,日投喂量10%的条件下培养,催熟效果好。 本实验也为在对虾属中进行种间杂交培育优良品种提供了依据。     

Numerical Simulation of Spatial Lag Between Wave Breaking Point and Location of Maximum Wave-Induced Current

A quasi three-dimensional numerical model of wave-driven coastal currents with the effects of surface rollers is developed for the study of the spatial lag between the location of the maximum wave-induced current and the wave breaking point.The governing equations are derived from Navier-Stokes equations and solved by the hybrid method combining the fractional step finite different method in the horizontal plane with a Galerkin finite element method in the vertical direction.The surface rollers effects are considered through incorporating the creation and evolution of the roller area into the free surface shear stress.An energy equation facilitates the computation process which transfers the wave breaking energy dissipation to the surface roller energy.The wave driver model is a phase-averaged wave model based on the wave action balance equation.Two sets of laboratory experiments producing breaking waves that generated longshore currents on a planar beach are used to evaluate the model's performance.The present wave-driven coastal current model with the roller effect in the surface shear stress term can produce satisfactory results by increasing the wave-induced nearshore current velocity inside the surf zone and shifting the location of the maximum longshore current velocity landward.     

6—DMAP抑制九孔鲍受精卵第二极体的释放诱导三倍体

当50％九孔鲍受精卵出现第一极体后，用6－DMAP不同的浓度进行不同的持续时间诱导三倍体。结果表明，6－DMAP的诱导浓度为300μmol/dm^3、诱导持续时间为10min时，其诱导的三倍体率为90％以上，并且胚胎的孵化率高达85％，幼体的畸形率较低，为50％－55％。用该方法多次进行了九孔鲍三倍体生产诱导和苗种培育试验。本文还对6－DMAP的作用机理以及九孔鲍三倍体诱导中的诱导因子等问题进行了讨论。     

MICP技术联合多孔硅吸附材料对锌铅复合污染土固化/稳定化修复的试验研究

近年来,工业和科技的快速发展使得重金属污染土固化/稳定化的修复研究成为热点。运用微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀(MICP)技术联合吸附材料对锌铅复合重金属污染土进行固化/稳定化的修复,通过无侧限抗压强度试验、毒性浸出试验,评价处理前后污染土的固化效果与重金属的稳定化效果,结合扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)等检测手段,揭示MICP技术处理锌铅重金属污染土的修复机制。研究结果表明,采用MICP技术对锌铅重金属污染土进行固化/稳定化之后,可以有效降低污染土中有害重金属的浸出性。当矿化时间为10d时,试样无侧限抗压强度为942.5k Pa;铅的浸出浓度为4.20mg/L,比未处理时降低了44.81%;锌的浸出浓度为4.31mg/L,比未处理时降低了46.19%,效果显著。在此基础上,添加10%的多孔硅吸附材料后,试样无侧限抗压强度可达到1 021 kPa,强度提高了8.3%;铅的浸出浓度为2.45mg/L,与未经处理时相比,降幅达到了67.81%,与单纯MICP方法处理时相比,铅浸出浓度被二次降低了41.67%;锌的浸出浓度仅为2.93 mg/L,与未经处理时相比,降幅达到了63.4%,与单纯...     

基于“智慧位置”的高速公路诱导服务系统研建

基于"智慧位置"的概念,利用智能手机GPS定位及无线通信的特性,结合高速公路行车的具体需求,针对每个司乘人员的当前位置,提出主动和被动相结合的点对点的高速路况诱导服务概念。该服务不仅能够为通过高速公路的驾驶员提供便利,同时也能为高速公路维护和道路管理提供便利。