尼泊尔及其首都加德满都名称的由来

尼泊尔王国这个依偎于喜玛拉雅山脉雄伟身躯下的国家，从地图上看，很像坐落于中国与印度之间的一条卧蚕。它地势高峻，14．7万平方公里国土的四分之三为山地，海拔6000米以上的山峰多达240多座。更令人惊叹的是，全世界海拔超过8000米的十四大高峰有八座汇聚于此，故尼泊尔享有“高山之国”的美誉。     

离石市近40年气候变化特征及趋势分析

离石市地处吕梁山脉中段,黄河一级支流———三川河中游,受地理位置和大气环流的共同影响,冬寒夏暑,春暖秋凉,四季分明,属典型大陆性季风气候。近百年来随着社会经济的快速发展,人类活动对自然环境的影响超过了以前的数百数千年,而环境、气候对人类的繁衍生存至关重要,气候变化     

大山深处竞风流——湖南省地质矿产勘查开发局408队发展纪实

正2008年12月,湖南郴州,南岭山脉深处的王家坊矿区,青色的大山冷峻威严。半山腰上,一台20多米高的钻塔被绿色塔布围拢着,狭小空间里,钻机轰鸣,空谷回音,缭绕不绝。坚守在这里的湖南省地质矿产勘查开发局408队六项目部的队员们,内心随着钻头的每一寸深入而波澜起伏:这样一次超深、超斜、超难的"三超"钻探,会成功吗?困难接踵而至,1000米垮孔,     

1998年5～6月区域大气角动量收支与东亚天气尺度系统变化

利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料计算了1998年5～6月区域角动量收支的主要分量,对比分析了范围较大的欧亚区域角动量矩和限制在欧亚大陆范围内的喜马拉雅山角动量矩的差异,发现两者有很好的相关,限制较小范围的计算表明,喜马拉雅山山脉力矩的作用显著。角动量收支项占较大量级的山脉力矩和摩擦力矩,并与梅雨锋区域的700hPa高度...     

The GSSP of the Second （Upper） Stage of the Lower Ordovician Series： Diabasbrottet at Hunneberg, Province of Vaeistergoetland, Southwestern Sweden

Diabasbrottet, selected by the International Subcommisson on Ordovician Stratigraphy and in 2002 ratified by the International Commission on Stratigraphy as the GSSP of the Second (Upper) Stage of the Lower Ordovician, is located on the Hunneberg Mountain in southwestern Sweden. The stratigraphic succession represents an outer shelf environment near the Baltic Shield margin. The shale-dominated, biostratigraphically complete, richly fossiliferous boundary interval is completely exposed in a disused quarry. The GSSP is in the lower TФyen Shale 2.1 m above the top of the Cambrian and is marked by the first appearance of the graptolite Tetragraptus approximatus Nicholson. The boundary interval contains a diverse graptolite fauna and biostratigraphically diagnostic conodonts and trilobites that make it possible to define the boundary in terms of zone schemes based on these groups. In this respect, the Diabasbrottet and nearby sections are unique in the world among described localities having this boundary interval. Based on the appearance of T. approximatus, the base of the Second Stage can be identified in many graptolitiferous successions round the world but this level is currently more difficult to recognize precisely in some carbonate sequences outside Baltoscandia. We propose the Second Stage be called the Floan Stage. It is named for the Village of Flo, which is situated about 5 km southeast of the GSSP.     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987114000036

The paper evaluates sensitivity of various spaceborne digital elevation models （DEMs）, viz., Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer （ASTER）, Shuttle Radar Topography Mapping Mission （SRTM） and Global Multi-resolution Terrain Elevation Data 2010 （GMTED）, in comparison with the DEM （TOPO） derived from contour data of 20 m interval of Survey of India topographic sheets of 1 ： 50,000 scale. Several topographic attributes, such as elevation （above mean sea level）, relative relief, slope, aspect, curvature, slope-length and -steepness （LS） factor, terrain ruggedness index （TRI）, topo- graphic wetness index （TWI）, hypsometric integral （lhyp） and drainage network attributes （stream number and stream length） of two tropical mountain river basins, viz. Muthirapuzha River Basin and Pambar River Basin are compared to evaluate the variations. Though the basins are comparable in extent, they differ in respect of terrain characteristics and climate. The result.,; suggest that ASTER and SRTM provide equally reliable representation of topography portrayed by TOP（） and the topographic attributes extracted from the spaceborne DEMs are in agreement with those derived from TOPO. Despite the coarser resolution, SRTM shows relatively higher vertical accuracy （RMSE -- 23 and 20 m respectively in MRB and PRB） compared to ASTER （RMSE - 33 and 24 m） and GMTED （RMSE - 59 and 48 m）. Vertical accuracy of all the spaceborne DEMs is influenced by relief of the terrain as well as type of vegetation. Further, GMTED shows significant deviation for most of the attributes, indicating its inability for mountain-river-basin-scale studies.     

贵州省石阡县地热资源分布现状及成因分析

石阡是贵州省历史文化名城、革命老区、温泉群风景名胜区;是《贵州省温泉旅游度假产品开发专项规划》确定的贵州省地热城建设区和贵州省生态温泉旅游度假产品重点开发区。本文在石阡县境内水文地质、环境地质全面调查的基础上,对石阡温泉的成因、出露条件、分布现状、储热构造等内容进行了较详细的描述与评价。     

罗霄山脉山地沼泽全新世以来的古气候记录

在中亚热带罗霄山脉东南段井冈山地区的江西坳山地沼泽钻取了150 cm的岩芯样品（JXA钻孔）,通过6个AMS 14C测年结果建立钻孔的年代框架,运用烧失量、腐殖化度、有机碳同位素和灰度值等多项古气候代用指标分析,重建了该地区约11 cal. ka B.P.以来的气候演化历史。结果表明：江西坳山地沼泽的古环境演变过程可以分为４个阶段：11―9.2 cal. ka B.P.钻孔沉积物的有机碳含量低,碳同位素偏负,显示C3植物为主,为气候凉干期;9.2―5.3 cal. ka B.P.碳同位素、有机碳和腐殖化度等指标均指示森林植被繁茂,沉积物泥炭堆积速度加快,为气候最适宜期;5.3―2.2 cal. ka B.P.碳同位素显著变化,有机质含量较高;2.2―0 cal. ka B.P.气候呈现季风再次增强的趋势,人类活动增强。与周边其他的研究结果对比发现：全新世以来罗霄山脉江西坳山地泥炭沼泽的古环境替代指标与低纬度地区其他全新世气候记录基本一致。