苏南江阴-嘉定断裂带断层泥扫描电镜研究及其地震地质意义

本文在分析苏南江阴-嘉定北西向断裂带宏观构造特征的基础上,对断层泥中石英碎砾表面溶蚀结构进行了扫描电子显微镜研究,并与郯-庐断裂带山东段断层泥进行了电镜图象的对比分析,从而确定了江阴-嘉定断裂带的相对(最新)活动年代及其地震活动性;此外,就江阴-嘉定断裂带不同区段活动年代差异及其纵向迁移模式、断层泥石英碎砾表面结构电镜图象聚类的概率分布特征及其地震地质意义等有关问题展开了讨论     

寿南小沙丁鱼鳞片表面结构及轮纹特征的扫描电镜观察

运用扫描电镜技术对寿南小沙丁鱼鳞片形态结构及轮纹特征进行了观察。研究结果表明：寿南小沙丁鱼鳞片属圆鳞，与鲱形鳞相似。鳞片上有多少不一呈断裂状的辐射沟，环片呈山嵴状，与辐射沟基本平行，环片脊顶上有许多大小不同的卤状粒突。鳞片侧区的年轮和副轮清晰，在与年轮相交处，环片明显呈下凹弯曲，少数发生断裂。     

真正射纠正中地物遮挡区域自动检测与标识方法研究

本文基于真正射纠正的原理,探讨了图像遮挡区域处理的方法.针对真正射纠正中重叠区域和建筑物遮挡区域等影像的检测与标识问题,基于Z-Buffer算法和阈值选择法,通过将图像一分为四进行真正射纠正对Z-Buffer算法进行改进.试验表明,所提出的改进算法能够实现快速真正射纠正,具有良好的应用效果.     

湖南镇水电站左坝肩地下水质酸性化的成因机理分析

文章在论述地下水主要水化学特片的基础上，分析了地下水质酸性化的形成机理。认为研究区地下水质的酸性化主要发生于地下位季节变化带内，与岩体中黄铁矿的氧化作用密切相关；不同部位岩体中硫化含量的高低造成了产酸作用的差异，而后者则导致不同部位间地下水质的差异。所建的化学热力学模型模拟结果表明，在地下水质呈强酸化的部位，水-岩系间的相互作用具有较大的反应动力。对如何防治酸性水提出了建议。     

塔克拉玛干沙漠麻札塔格山地区石英砂颗粒表面结构特征分析

本文借助于扫描电镜,对塔克拉玛干沙漠麻札塔格山地区石英砂表面微结构进行观察分析.并结合野外工作,推断沙物质的来源及形成环境,为沙漠研究提供微观依据.     

黄河入海悬沙季节输送变化与输送机制的数值研究

Based on sediment and discharge flux data for the Yellow River, realistic forcing fields and bathymetry of the Bohai Sea, a suspended sediment transport module is driven by a wave-current coupled model to research seasonal variations and mechanisms of suspended load transport to the Bohai Sea. It could be concluded that surface sediment concentration indicates a distinct spatial distribution characteristic that varies seasonally in the Bohai Sea. Sediment concentration is rather high near the Yellow River estuary, seasonal variations of which are controlled by quantity of sediment from the Yellow River, suspended sediment concentration reaches its maximum during summer and fall. Furthermore, sediment concentration decreases rapidly in other seas far from the Yellow River estuary and maintains a very low level in the center of the Bohai Sea, and is dominated by seasonal variations of climatology wind field in the Bohai Sea. Only a small amount of sediments imported from the Yellow River are delivered northwestward to the southern coast of the Bohai Bay. Majority of sediments are transported southeastward to the Laizhou Bay, where sediments are continuously delivered into the center of the Bohai Sea in a northeastward direction, and part of them are transported eastward alongshore through the Bohai Strait. 69% of sediments from the Yellow River are deposited near the river delta, 31% conveyed seaward, within which, 4% exported to the northern Yellow Sea through the Bohai Strait. Wind wave is the most essential contributor to seasonal variations of sediment concentration in the Bohai Sea, and the contribution of tidal currents is also significant in shallow waters when wind speed is low.     

资料集锦

南非德班气候大会开幕新一轮联合国气候变化大会28日在南非城市德班召开,各方在《京都议定书》第一承诺期到期前着手最后一轮协商。南非总统祖马在28日开幕的德班气候大会上说,应对气候变化要同非洲减贫相结合,他期望此次大会取     

水浴法对工业级氢氧化镁的改性研究

水浴加热条件下,表面活性剂SDS、SLS和PEG10000的复配体改性工业级Mg(OH)2,得到了中位径(D50)1.55μm、分散性好的改性Mg(OH)2。水浴法改性Mg(OH)2的工艺条件为氢氧化镁浓度1.50 mol/L、表面活性剂用量2.50%、矿化剂氯化镁用量3.50%、水浴温度80℃、水浴时间6.0 h、搅拌速度850 r/min。     

基于GPS实测数据和PS-InSAR技术的北极Pedersenbreen冰川表面运动特征分析

Pedersenbreen冰川是我国北极冰川运动监测的重点研究区域之一。本文以2017年9月—2018年9月的共31景Sentinel-1A中等分辨率SAR影像数据为基础,采用PS-InSAR技术对Pedersenbreen冰川进行长时间序列的形变监测,获取Pedersenbreen冰川沿雷达视线方向的运动速率图,提取Pedersenbreen冰川沿雷达视线方向的运动信息。研究发现,Pedersenbreen冰川整体处于向下游运动的趋势,Pedersenbreen冰川主体的运动速率范围为-8.901～-2.957 m/a。将冰川运动速率沿铅垂线方向进行分解,得到GPS监测点P1、P2、P3、P4、P5缓冲区的冰川表面垂直变化速率均值,分别为-2.316 1 m/a、-2.438 7 m/a、-1.851 7 m/a、-2.181 1 m/a和-1.875 4 m/a。基于GPS实测数据进行处理,获得冰川表面垂直变化速率分别为-1.879 6 m/a、-2.041 3 m/a、-1.422 0 m/a、-1.722 3 m/a和-1.376 9 m/a,误差均在0.5 m/a之内,验证了结果的可靠性。表明PS-InSAR技术可以用于极地冰川运动趋势的变化监测,是冰川监测手段的一个有效补充。     

Experimental Study on Formation Conditions of Ammoniojarosite and Its Environmental Significance

Formation conditions of ammoniojarosite in system Fe2（SO4）3-（NH4）2SO4-H2O are investigated in this paper. The results show that ammoniojarosite can be formed rapidly under normal temperature and pressure by controlling suitable pH value and Fe2（SO4）3 and （NH4）2SO4 concentrations. The pH value, temperature and concentration of Fe2（SO4）3 medium are key factors influencing the formation of ammoniojarosite. Under normal temperature, precipitation of ammoniojarosite can be seen within 24 hours at pH values between 2.6-3.1, and a great quantity of ammoniojarosite is formed within 48 hours. At about 90℃, the pH value range forming ammoniojarosite extends to 1.2-3.1, and within this range the rise of pH value is advantageous to the formation of ammoniojarosite and high Fe2（SO4）3 concentration is also advantageous. Relative pure ammoniojarosite is synthesized under high Fe2（SO4）3 concentration （≥0.05 M） and ammoniojarosite containing melanterite and colloid amorphous hydroxide vitriol iron is formed at low Fe2（SO4）3 concentration. The deposition process of ammoniojarosite can be used to harness wastewater from mines and other industries and remove S, Fe and other toxic and harmful elements, such as As, Cr, Hg, Pb in water. Rapid formation of ammoniojarosite and other jarosite analogs under normal temperature and pressure has a good potential prospect for harnessing acid wastewater by means of precipitation of jarosite and its analogs.