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521.
Cu,Zn和Cd对5种单细胞藻的酶基因表达调控的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
报道了在Cu2 +、Cd2 +和Zn2 +的毒害作用下 ,三角褐指藻 (PhaeodactylumtricornutumBohlin) ,湛江叉鞭藻 (IsochrysiszhanjiangensisHu &Lui) ,绿色巴夫藻 (PaviovaviridisTsengChenetZhang) ,青岛大扁藻 (Platymonashelgolandicavar.TsingtaoensisTsengetT.J.Chang) ,小球藻(Chlorellasp.)等单细胞藻的苹果酸脱氢酶发生了明显的变化。其中 ,不同种类重金属离子对该酶的基因表达作用不同 ,即使是同种离子但浓度不同 ,这种作用也不同。一般情况下高离子浓度抑制了酶基因的表达。低离子浓度促进了表达。但也有例外 ,如Cd2 +(24.53μg/ml)、Zn2 +(24.31,16.21μg/ml)促进三角褐指藻MDH 1座位等位基因的表达量 ;Cd2 +(24.53,12.26μg/ml)促进小球藻MDH 1座位等位基因的表达量。由此可推出 ,重金属离子可以干扰等位基因的表达 ,并在等位酶的活性上表现出来 相似文献
522.
在四川甘溪和贵州独山泥盆纪剖面的造礁珊瑚-层孔虫薄片中,发育多种菌藻类及其生物遗迹:主要包括结壳菌藻类、钻孔菌藻类、微钻孔和嵌生;并发现了寄主珊瑚-层孔虫中菌藻类及其遗迹产出部位具有骨骼残缺和虫室中常见软体组织死后的残留物质.我们的资料表明,菌藻类与寄主珊瑚-层孔虫之间是"侵略与反抗"的关系,前者对后者生长有抑制作用,后者有一定自我修复功能,二者关系中菌藻类是主动的一方;在适合寄主珊瑚-层孔虫生存环境的中泥盆世,寄主珊瑚-层孔虫能抵抗菌藻类入侵而不会死亡,菌藻类对珊瑚-层孔虫礁生态系的影响很小;在适合菌藻类而不适合珊瑚-层孔虫生长环境的晚泥盆世,后者无法抵抗前者"大举入侵"而出现凋零和死亡.我们认为菌藻类对寄主珊瑚-层孔虫的生长发育的直接抑制与杀死作用和菌藻类繁盛引发的环境恶化是F-F之交珊瑚-层孔虫礁生态系消失的重要原因,这为现代珊瑚礁患病-衰退的原因和发展趋势研究提供了古代实例. 相似文献
523.
1 INTRODUCTION Heavy metal pollution in marine environment has always been a serious problem over the last several decades, because most of the heavy metal species that enter marine environment accumulated there without decomposition. Strontium is a minor… 相似文献
524.
A COMPARISON OF EASTERN AND WESTERN HONG KONG PHYTOPLANKTON FROM WEEKLY SAMPLES (1997-1999) 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Weekly phytoplankton samples were taken from western Hong Kong (Lamma) from Jan. 1997 to Dec. 1999 and from Port Shelter in
Eastern Hong Kong from January 1998 to December 1999. During that time diatom blooms occurred repeatedly at both sites but
never in synchrony. One species would bloom at one site and then weeks later it or another species would bloom at the other
site; while the 1998 red tide of the mucus producing dinoflagellateGymnodinium mikimotoi occurred at both sites. It first occurred at the Port Shelter site in March and did not appear at the Lamma site until April.
With the single exception of this species, no other dinoflagellate reached bloom concentrations at the Lamma site. In addition,
dinoflagellate abundance at the Lamma site was significantly lower (P<0.05) than that at the Port Shelter site. This was correlated
with a significantly higher turbidity (i. e. low Secchi transparency) and higher turbulence (stronger currents) at the Lamma
site.
Annual variation in surface temperature correlated with total surface phytoplankton abundance at both our sample sites. Phytoplankton
abundance increased in spring as water temperatures warmed. In fall, as surface water temperatures began to decline and the
monsoon rains became less frequent there was a reduction in phytoplankton abundance associated with the reduction in temperature
and light. Because so many variables co-occur with temperature (e. g. the amount of rainfall light intensity and light duration
etc.) it is not possible to cite temperature as the causal factor associated weth controlling phytoplankton abundance at our
two sample sites.
Our data support the rather controversial notion that percentage-wise, there are relatively more harmful bloom forming species
in nutrient-rich coastal waters than there are in the world's oceans. 16% of the dinoflagellate species and 10.3% of the diatom
species observed at our two sample sites were classed as harmful. These percentages were higher than those cited by Sournia
(1995) for the worlds oceans (9.6% and 6.8% respectively). This raises the possibility that there are relatively more toxic
species in the nutrient-rich coastal waters of the world than there are in the mid ocean nutrient-poor areas of the world.
Some reasons for this are briefly discussed. 相似文献
525.
新立城水库藻类污染成因分析及治理对策措施 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文对新立城水库发生蓝藻水华事件进行了水质应急监测和污染成因分析.从新立城水库气象条件分析,发现水库水温是历史同期最高值,为藻类在库区内大量迅速繁殖提供了温度条件;从新立城水库坝前、库中和库末氮磷浓度分析,发现水库氮磷浓度均超过富营养化临界值,为藻类在库区内大量迅速繁殖提供了营养条件.本文在分析水库藻类污染成因基础上,提出了从水库管理和现有水处理系统的改进入手,加强新立城水库外源污染控制对策措施和内源污染治理措施. 相似文献
526.
吉林省延边地区早白垩世大拉子组上段地层以含油页岩为特征。松江盆地大拉子组上段油页岩呈灰褐色或灰黑色,表现为纸片状和致密块状。有机质类型为腐泥型-腐殖腐泥型,含油率为3.8%~6.2%。大拉子组上段发育7个含油页岩层位,2号层和7号层为具有工业开采价值的矿层,产状不稳定,自东向西、由南向北累计厚度增大。致密块状油页岩发育于松江向斜轴部杨木屯地区、向斜北翼的老偏坡—东山一线,纸片状油页岩见于向斜南翼的杨木屯—松江镇北以及胜利屯一带。大拉子组上段地层可划分为两个三级层序,2号和7号油页岩矿层皆为半深湖-深湖成因,分别形成于层序I、层序II的高位体系域时期。湖水分层稳定、藻类勃发、半深湖-深湖长期滞水缺氧的还原环境、有机质有效聚集保存有利于油页岩成矿,频繁发育的重力流湖泊水下扇沉积则不利于成矿。 相似文献
527.
528.
在美国圣地亚哥的一个实验室里,几乎所有的试管都装满了绿色的藻类,这是一种现代化的生物技术,可以避免池塘藻类生长产生的浮渣。试管里装着不同种类的藻类,它们之间进行着生长竞赛,这种竞赛是一种快速生长的进化,其目的是要产生一种"超级藻类",这种超级藻类能高效地将太阳光能和二氧化碳转变为脂类或者油类,然后这些脂类或者油类经过提炼和加工,最终形成汽油或燃料。 相似文献
529.
CHEN Guofu WANG Quanfu ZHANG Chunyun ZHANG Baoyu WANG Guangce LU Douding XU Zhong YAN Peishen 《海洋学报(英文版)》2013,32(2):66-75
Harmful algal blooms recently have been under the spotlight throughout the world, because of their negative impact on the marine environment, aquaculture, fisheries as well as public health. The development of methods for rapid and precise identification and quantification of causative species is essential for the warning and monitoring of blooms, among which the techniques based on taxonomic probes are the most favored. In this study, two harmful algae, i.e., Prorocentrum minimum and Karenia mikimotoi were taken into consideration. The partial large subunit rDNA (D1-D2) of both species were firstly PCR-amplified, cloned and sequenced. The obtained sequences were then introduced to carry out alignment analysis for gene specific regions. Three respective candidate probes for each species were designed and used to screen the optimal probe by performing fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) tests. The results showed that the probes Pmin0443 and Kmik0602 displayed the best hybridization for P. minimum and K. mikimotoi, respectively. Both the specific (taxonomic) (Pmin0443 and Kmik0602) and the control probes (UniC0512 and UniR0499) were used for cross-reactivity tests with other microalgae in our laboratory. The probes Pmin0443 and Kmik0602 are specific and could be served as taxonomic probes introduced into the techniques targeting rRNA, such as FISH, sandwich hybridization, and DNA-microarray assay of P. minimum and K. mikimotoi in the future. Finally, FISH analyses with both probes were performed on the simulated field samples. The probes could hybridize exclusively with the target cells well, and no significant difference (p >0.05) was observed in the cell densities of the samples determined by FISH and light microscopy (LM). All suggest that the probes are specific and could be introduced into FISH for the monitoring of both harmful algae. 相似文献
530.
宏观藻类化石及其相关的“前寒武纪谜”:对天津蓟县剖面中元古代早期高于庄组第三段中一些现象的思考 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在漫长的前寒武纪,存在若干谜一样的问题,如叠层石的生长机理、臼齿状构造的成因、白云岩的形成机制和宏观藻类化石的生物学属性及其分类归属等。宏观藻类化石是指那些肉眼可见的低等植物化石,因为与现代藻类的亲缘关系尚未完全确定,它们的生物学属性及其分类位置还存在较多的争议,所以宏观藻类化石成为一个"前寒武纪谜"。发现于天津蓟县剖面高于庄组第三段非叠层石灰岩(均一石灰岩)中的可能的实体宏观藻类化石,与成因还存在争议的臼齿状构造共生,包括球状丘尔藻、椭球状寿县藻、带状塔乌藻和豆荚状荚藻等4种类型,尤其以前两种居多,组成一个丘尔藻-寿县藻组合;这些多为球状体的化石,曾经被认为是臼齿状构造的一种,称为"球状臼齿状构造",但是,由于这些宏观藻类化石具有规则的形态、较为明显的可能的细胞显微结构,与充填臼齿状构造的方解石微亮晶形成明显的区别,不属于臼齿状构造;而且以实体化石产出,与多年来所描述的碳质压型化石又存在较大的区别;同时,该球状化石的中心部位硅化而边部为钙化体,也明显区别于一般的钙质结核、燧石结核、凝灰岩结核和气泡构造等。这些球状实体化石,要比H.J.Hofmann所报道的加拿大麦肯齐山小达尔群(Little Dal Group)的臼齿状构造灰岩中的实体宏观藻类化石的形成时代要老得多,有可能是最为古老的实体宏观藻类化石。高于庄组臼齿状构造灰岩中的实体宏观藻类化石,成为思考若干前寒武纪谜的重要现象。 相似文献