广西苍梧宝山铜多金属矿床花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

广西苍梧县宝山矿床位于大瑶山隆起区的东南部,是一个与石英斑岩有关的铜多金属矿床。本文对该矿区内花岗闪长岩、细粒花岗岩和石英斑岩进行了单颗粒锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年,获得了3件花岗闪长岩的~(206)Pb/~(238)U加权平均年龄分别为433.7±1.2 Ma、435.0±1.2 Ma和449.7±2.3 Ma;1件细粒花岗岩的~(206)Pb/~(238)U加权平均年龄为100.4±0.5 Ma,2件石英斑岩样品的~(206)Pb/~(238)U加权平均年龄分别为95.4±0.7 Ma和92.5±0.5 Ma。本文认为,宝山矿区存在晚奥陶世、早志留世、早白垩世晚期和晚白垩世早期等多期岩浆活动,与成矿有关的石英斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄揭示宝山铜铅锌多金属矿床形成于晚白垩世早期。这些高精度花岗岩锆石U-Pb测年数据为进一步深入研究大瑶山地区的岩浆活动及其成矿作用提供了重要的年代学依据。     

广西龙胜花岗闪长岩地球化学特征及成因

龙胜花岩闪长岩的岩石化学成分、微量元素、稀士元素以及Ｓｒ同位素组成具有重熔型花岗岩的特点。Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ等时线年龄２１３７±２５Ｍａ,形成于三叠纪。     

Rare metal-bearing pegmatites from the Southeastern Desert of Egypt： Geology, geochemical characteristics, and petrogenesis

The pegmatite province of the Southeastern Desert (SED) is part of a pegmatite district that extends from Egypt (extends to 1200 km2). Rare metal pegmatites are divided into (1) unzoned, Sn-mineralized; (2) zoned Li, Nb, Ta and Be-bearing; and (3) pegmatites and pegmatites containing colored, gem-quality tourmaline. The Rb/Sr data reflect a crustal origin for the rare metal pegmatites and indicate that the original SED magma was generated during the peak of regional metamorphism and predates the intrusion of post-tectonic leucogranites. These bodies developed an early border zone consisting of coarse to very coarse muscovite quartz alkali feldspar, followed by an intermediate zone of dominant quartz feldspar muscovite rock. Garnet, tourmaline, beryl, galena, pyrite, amblygonite, apatite and monazite are rare accessories in both zones. Cassiterite tends to concentrate in replacement zones and along fractures in albite quartz muscovite-rich portions. The highest concentrations of cassiterite occur in irregular greisenized zones which consist dominantly of micaceous aggregates of green Li-rich muscovite, quartz, albite and coarse-grained cassiterite. The different metasomatic post-solidification alterations include sodic and potassic metasomatism, greisenization and tourmalinization. Geochemically, the pegmatite-generating granites have a metaluminous composition, showing a differentiation trend from coarse-grained, unfractionated plagioclase-rich granite towards highly fractionated fine- to medium-grained, local albite-rich rock. Economically important ore minerals introduced by volatile-rich, rare metal-bearing fluids, either primarily or during the breakdown of the primary mineral assemblages, are niobium-tantalum oxides, Sn-oxides (cassiterite), Li-silicates (petalite, spodumene, euctyptite, and pollucite), Li-phosphates (amblygonite, montebrasite and lithopilite) and minor REE-minerals (Hf-zircon, monazite, xenotime, thorian, loparite and yttrio-fluorite). The pollucite is typically associated with spodumene, petalite, amblygonite, quartz and feldspar. The primary pollucite has Si/Al (at) ratios of 2.53-2.65 and CRK of 79.5- 82.2. Thorian loparite is essentially a member of the loparite (NaLREETi2O6)-lueshite (NaNbO3)-ThTi2O6-ThNb4O12 quaternary system with low or negligible contents of other end-member compositions. The mineral compositionally evolved from niobian loparite to niobian thorian and thorian loparite gave rise to ceriobetafite and belyankinite with high ThO2 contents. Thorian loparite is metamict or partly metamict and upon heating regains a structure close to that of synthetic loparite NaLaTi2O6.     

河南省Mo矿区域成矿模式与综合信息预测模型

对河南省不同时期Mo矿的成矿地质背景和成矿特征进行了归纳,建立了主要类型Mo矿成矿模式,总结了成矿规律;进而通过综合信息数据处理,讨论了不同类型Mo矿预测要素的提取,建立了符合地质概念模型的斑岩-矽卡岩型Mo矿综合信息预测模型。研究表明：占绝对主要地位的早白垩世Mo矿受控于滨西太平洋构造域东秦岭-大别陆内岩浆弧,强烈的岩浆活动造成浅源浅成快速冷侵位的粗粒花岗岩大岩基与控制Mo矿的深源浅成热侵位细粒花岗岩-花岗斑岩-侵入角砾岩小岩体在同一剥蚀平面紧密共生,不仅存在“小岩体成大矿”的规律,而且存在大岩基边缘和旁侧成大矿的规律。相同特征的矿产因所处地质背景的不同而预测要素有所差异,但通常可以根据剩余重力低-ΔT化极正磁异常及其梯度模来拟合岩体与接触带,以Mo主成矿因子得分正异常和Pb-Zn-Ag主成矿因子得分负异常确定斑岩-矽卡岩型Mo（W）矿的成矿范围。通过CSAMT-SIP-裂隙地球化学联合剖面测量可有效预测隐伏矿体部位。     

陇原山水撷英——吐鲁沟地质奇观

正吐鲁沟位于甘肃水登连城国家级自然保护区,距兰州市区160公里。吐鲁沟林木青翠、清溪潺潺、曲径通幽、石崖壁立、峰奇石怪,是一处毫无人工雕凿的原始自然风景区,被誉为"神话般的绿色山谷",也享有"华山之险,峨眉之秀,青     

GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EARLY MESOZOIC GRANODIORITES AND THEIR TECTONIC IMPLICATIONS

The early Mesozoic granodiorites (ca. 165 Ma) in the northeastern Hunan Province (NEH) have SiO2=65.4-69.65%, K2O/Na2O=0.95-1.38 and K2O Na2O＞6%, A/CNK=0.96-1.13 and belong to metaluminous high-K calc-alkaline series. They are characterized by LREE and LILEs enrichment, and HFSE depletion with slightly negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu*=0.62-0.90). The initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios are in range from 0.711458 to0.717461, and εNd values vary from -9.4 to -12.3, distinct from those of the contemporaneous granodiorites mantle-derived from the Southeastern Hunan Province (SEH) (87Sr/86Sr(i)=0.707962～0.710396, εNd(t)=-6.98～-2.30).By contrast, such signatures are roughly similar to those of the neighboring other Mesozoic granitic plutons (Eu/Eu*=0.30-0.70; 87Sr/86Sr ＞0.710; εNd = -12 to -16) in South China Block (SCB), which have been interpreted as the remelting products of Precambrian basement. The Proterozoic lower-middle crust is an important contributor to the petrogenesis of these early Mesozoic granodiorites in the NEH. An intracontinental extension setting is present in the northeastern Hunan Province at that time due to the demand of enough thermal transfer.     

西藏塔惹增地区尺阿弄矽卡岩型铁铜矿床地质特征及意义

通过对西藏塔惹增地区尺阿弄铁铜矿床详细的地质构造背景、含矿岩石及产出特征等研究表明,尺阿弄铁铜矿床,形成于板块碰撞造山到青藏高原新生代板内造山的重大构造转折过程中,成矿期为晚白垩世,其与板块碰撞形成的花岗斑岩以及二叠系下拉组灰岩关系密切,依此把测区内尺阿弄铁铜矿床确定为矽卡岩型矿床。尺阿弄矽卡岩型铁铜矿床的确定,表明冈底斯成矿带不仅有斑岩型矿床,亦有矽卡岩型矿床,对冈底斯成矿带成矿类型多元化及对在该成矿带内寻找同类型矿床提供了新的资料。     

滇西北中甸地区铜厂沟斑岩钼铜矿床热液蚀变分带、脉体系统及找矿标志

铜厂沟斑岩型钼铜矿床位于云南中甸地区斑岩成矿带的南端,形成于燕山晚期陆-陆碰撞至造山后伸展构造的转换阶段。文章通过对铜厂沟钼铜矿床蚀变分带特征和脉体穿切关系的详细研究,系统厘定了矿床蚀变类型及空间分布规律,查明了蚀变和脉体系统与矿化的关系。根据矿物组合、蚀变类型等因素,将分为A脉、B脉和D脉3大类,共16种不同的脉体类型。其中,A脉和B脉与成矿关系密切,对钼铜资源量贡献最大。早期的A脉,主要以钾长石化为主,矿化较弱;晚期形成的A脉多发育有黑云母化且与钾长石化蚀变叠加,矿化增强,以石英+黄铁矿+辉钼矿+黄铜矿±钾长石脉为主;B脉主要贡献于辉钼矿矿体的形成,是区内矿化的主要表现形式,且叠加于钾硅酸盐化,形成于钾硅酸盐化向石英-绢云母化的转变阶段;D脉中铜钼矿化明显减弱,属于矿化体外围的脉体,对矿体影响较小。因此,铜厂沟钼铜矿床蚀变分带规律在空间上表现为钾硅酸盐化（石英-钾长石-黑云母化）发育于斑岩体核部,向外依次是石英-绢云母化（石英-绢云母±黄铁矿化）,和青磐岩化（绿泥石-绿帘石-碳酸盐岩化）,对应的矿化组合分别为辉钼矿-白钨矿-黄铁矿、辉钼矿-黄铜矿-黄铁矿±白钨矿,以及外带的黄铜矿-黄铁矿-辉钼矿,显示出成矿元素由高温向低温变化的规律。铜厂沟斑岩型钼铜矿床的形成与区内燕山晚期伸展作用相伴的大规模构造-岩浆事件相关,源自深部的含矿热液在花岗质斑岩体内形成了脉状、网脉状的辉钼矿化,同时沿断裂带运移并扩散,于碳酸盐岩的接触带部位形成了矽卡岩型的铜钼矿化。因此,有利的构造环境、强烈的蚀变作用、多样的脉体类型导致铜厂沟大型斑岩型钼铜矿床最终形成。     

喜马拉雅淡色花岗岩带伟晶岩的富铍成矿特点及向更高处找锂

喜马拉雅淡色花岗岩作为新识别的稀有金属成矿区带,已发现以Be-Nb-Ta(Sn-W)组合为主矿化且已形成大型矿床,如错那洞,但仅在为数不多的几处伟晶岩见到锂辉石,尚未发现工业锂矿床。因此,有必要剖析该区伟晶岩成矿(尤其Be同Li的对比)特点、条件及可能潜力,并与国内其他稀有金属矿带进行对比分析,从而推动喜马拉雅伟晶岩稀有金属矿床尤其是锂矿的发现。该区伟晶岩母体淡色花岗岩与华南稀有金属矿化花岗岩类似,显示高的分异程度但较窄的演化区间,并且熔体具有高的Li浓度。在印亚大陆碰撞带复杂的构造-变质-深熔作用下产生了多期次的岩浆活动,尤其新喜马拉雅期巨量的岩浆可为伟晶岩的形成、远距离迁移分异及成矿提供有利的热和物质基础。基于含Li伟晶岩形成于"远"母体、"高"海拔的特点,提出区域构造层位的上部或更高海拔地区以及淡色花岗岩岩体外侧远端的围岩内将可能是含锂伟晶岩的就位空间与找矿重点地段。     

尖峰岭似伟晶岩内黄玉中的熔流包裹体

详细叙述了熔流包裹体以及与之密切共生的熔融包裹体和流体包裹在分布关系、组成相态及其比例、流体成分、硅酸盐溶体分子网络聚合结构以及各种包裹体在加热－淬火－冷冻过程中的热变化行为和均一化温度及其途径等各方面的特殊和异同点。认为这种熔流包裹体是在岩浆演化末期从岩浆（熔融体）与水（流体）的不混溶体系中以任意比例同时将其捕获所至,因而,它具有重要的理论意义和实际意义。