阿克苏河—塔里木河流域的自然条件及其在农业生产中的意义

本文把阿克苏河——塔里木河流域(简称阿——塔河流域)作为一个封闭系统,主要阐述流域的自然条件,并对自然条件在农业生产中的利弊进行了全面分析。指出在干旱地区农业开发中,必须统筹安排,全面规划,上中下游合理利用,重视保护脆弱的生态环境,才能取得经济效益、社会效益与生态效益的全面收获。     

Systems for Hazards Identification in High Mountain Areas： An Example from the Kullu District, Western Himalaya

Methods and techniques for the identification, monitoring and management of natural hazards in high mountain areas are enumerated and described. A case study from the western Himalayan Kullu District in Himachal Pradesh, India is used to illustrate some of the methods. Research on the general topic has been conducted over three decades and that in the Kullu District has been carried out since 1994. Early methods of hazards identification in high mountain areas involved intensive and lengthy fieldwork and mapping with primary reliance on interpretation of landforms, sediments and vegetation thought to be indicative of slope fail ures, rock falls, debris flows, floods and accelerated soil surface erosion. Augmented by the use of airphotos and ad hoc observations of specific events over time, these methods resulted in the gradual accumulation of information on hazardous sites and the beginnings of a chronology of occurrences in an area. The use of historical methods applied to written and photographic material, often held in archives and libraries, further improved the resolution of hazards information. In the past two decades, both the need for, and the ability to, accurately identify potential hazards have increased. The need for accurate information and monitoring comes about as a result of rapid growth in population, settlements, transportation infrastructure and intensified land uses and, therefore, risk and vulnerability in mountain areas. Ability has improved as the traditional methods of gathering and manipulating data have been supplemented by the use of remotesensing, automated terrain modeling, global positioning systems and geographical information systems. This paper focuses on the development and application of the latter methods and techniques to characterize and monitor hazards in high mountain areas.     

地球物理测井数据格式及面向对象的数据读取

在进行地球物理测井数据处理或解释软件开发时,只有知道所处理的测井数据的格式,才能正确地进行读取、格式转换、数据处理以及绘图等工作。在对ECLIPS 5700数控测井系统XTF文件格式分析的基础上,基于内存映射文件技术,采用面向对象的方法创建了XTF文件数据读取类,实现了大数据量XTF文件数据的快速读取,也可为其它格式测井数据的格式转换和数据处理提供技术参考。     

粉煤灰湿陷变形的三轴试验和计算

采用双压力室三轴仪对粉煤灰试样进行了单线法湿陷试验,研究了在静水压力作用以及在不同应力状态和应力水平下粉煤灰湿陷变形的规律,得出了粉煤灰湿陷变形的经验计算公式.提出了计算粉煤灰地基湿陷变形的"全应变曲线"增量有限元法.基于本文的试验结果,对一个粉煤灰地基的湿陷变形进行了有限元计算.