豫西银家沟硫铁多金属矿床Re-Os和40Ar-39Ar年龄及其地质意义

河南省银家沟硫铁多金属矿床位于华北克拉通南缘的华熊地块内,是东秦岭地区最大的硫铁多金属矿床,以其硫铁矿储量大及共、伴生元素复杂区别于东秦岭其他以钼为主的矿床.矿化在空间上呈规律性的带状分布,从岩体内向外,依次出现斑岩型钼矿体→斑岩型硫铁矿体→矽卡岩型铁矿体、钼矿体→矽卡岩型硫铁、铜、锌、金矿体→脉型铅、锌、银矿体.选取5件接触带矽卡岩型钼矿体中的辉钼矿样品进行Re-Os同位素定年,获得(142.9±2.1) Ma～(143.7±2.3) Ma的模式年龄,加权平均值为(143.4±0.9) Ma(MSWD=0.071),等时线年龄为(140.0±18.0) Ma(2σ,MSWD=0.095),将(143.4±0.9) Ma认作辉钼矿的结晶年龄,表明银家沟矿床矽卡岩型矿体形成于约143 Ma前;选取1件硅化、绢云母化、黄铁矿化、辉钼矿化钾长花岗斑岩中的绢云母样品定年,获得40Ar-39Ar坪年龄为(143.6±1.4) Ma,相应的39 Ar/36 Ar-40 Ar/39Ar等时线年龄为(143.0±2.0) Ma(MSWD=0.13),将(143.0±2.0)Ma认作绢云母的Ar封闭年龄,表明银家沟矿床斑岩型矿化亦发生在约143Ma前.本次辉钼矿Re-Os和绢云母40Ar-39A定年结果表明,银家沟矽卡岩型和斑岩型矿体均形成于早白垩世初期.银家沟矿床辉钼矿的ω(Re)在38.5×10-6～43.2×10-6之间,成矿物质主要来自由火成物质组成的宽坪群和二郎坪群,成矿与矿区内的钾长花岗斑岩有关.结合前人对东秦岭造山带中生代期间地球动力学背景的研究成果,笔者认为银家沟矿床形成于EW向构造体制向NNE向构造体制大转换阶段,即形成于挤压体制向伸展体制转换的背景.     

小江断裂带周边地区三维P波速度结构及其构造意义

作为青藏高原的东南边界,小江断裂带在高原物质的侧向逃逸中发挥着重要的作用.本文利用流动地震台阵及固定台站的走时观测资料,对小江断裂带及周边区域的壳幔三维P波速度结构进行了研究.结果表明,在中上地壳,小江断裂带内部主要为低速异常,其东侧主要为高速异常.在中下地壳,小江断裂带中部为低速异常,北部和南部主要为高速异常,其中北部的高速异常可延伸到地表附近,南部的高速异常可一直延伸到上地幔.我们推测,小江断裂带中部的低速异常与深部热作用有关;北部的高速异常可能是晚古生代地幔柱活动导致大量基性和超基性幔源物质侵入地壳引起的,它的存在对青藏高原物质向南逃逸起到了一定的阻挡作用,可能是导致川滇活动块体北部次级块体快速抬升的重要因素;南部顶界面向北倾斜的高速异常体对川滇活动块体向南滑移起到了进一步的阻挡作用,导致其上覆的中上地壳低速异常区发生较强的变形和强烈的地震活动,同时在上地幔深度范围起到了稳定的作用,使其南部区域的介质受青藏高原物质向南挤出的影响明显减小.     

川滇块体东边界主要断裂带运动特性及动力学机制研究

作为青藏高原东南缘的川滇块体,变形剧烈,地震频发.川滇块体的侧向挤出滑移造成了东边界的左旋剪切变形,不同的地震学者利用不同的方法得出了重要的定量结果.大地测量技术特别是GPS技术的快速发展,为断裂带形变场研究提供了高精度的观测数据,也给研究断裂带动态变化特征及其动力学机制提供了动态观测资料约束.因此,有必要综合利用块体运动模型、断裂带本身的构造变形定量分析及数值模拟方法,给出鲜水河—安宁河—则木河—小江断裂带的运动特征及应变积累特性的定量结果.     

Southern East Siberia Pliocene–Quaternary faults: Database, analysis and inference

This paper presents the first release of an Informational System（IS）devoted to the systematic collection of all available data relating to Pliocene-Quaternary faults in southern East Siberia,their critical analysis and their seismotectonic parameterization.The final goal of this project is to form a new base for improving the assessment of seismic hazard and other natural processes associated with crustal deformation.The presented IS has been exploited to create a relational database of active and conditionally active faults in southern East Siberia（between 100°-114° E and 50°-57° N）whose central sector is characterized by the highly seismic Baikal rift zone.The information within the database for each fault segment is organized as distinct but intercorrelated sections（tables,texts and pictures,etc.）and can be easily visualized as HTML pages in offline browsing.The preliminary version of the database distributed free on disk already highlights the general fault pattern showing that the Holocene and historical activity is quite uniform and dominated by NE-SW and nearly E-W trending faults;the former with a prevailing dip-slip normal kinematics,while the latter structures are left-lateral strike-slip and oblique-slip（with different proportion of left-lateral and normal fault slip components）.These faults are mainly concentrated along the borders of the rift basins and are the main sources of moderate-to-strong（M≥5.5）earthquakes on the southern sectors of East Siberia in recent times.As a whole,based on analyzing the diverse fault kinematics and their variable spatial distribution with respect to the overall pattern of the tectonic structures formed and/or activated during the late Pliocene-Quaternary,we conclude they were generated under a regional stress field mainly characterized by a relatively uniform NW-SE tension,but strongly influenced by the irregular hard boundary of the old Siberian craton.The obtained inferences are in an agreement with the existing models of the development of     

东秦岭汝阳南部钼铅锌矿集区综合找矿信息及成矿模式研究

东秦岭汝阳南部钼铅锌矿集区包括4个大中型矿床和45个小型矿床(点),已知矿床(点)大都产于中元古界长城系熊耳群鸡蛋坪组火山岩中,近EW向断裂构造是区内的控岩、控矿断裂,燕山晚期的复式花岗岩控制了矿集区的产出,而第3阶段侵入的钾长花岗斑岩与钼铅锌矿的成矿具有密切的成因联系;区内矿床大部分处于熊耳群火山岩分布的杂乱磁场区,重要的铅锌矿床均产于太山庙花岗岩造成的重力负值异常区的外围;水系沉积物的Mo-Pb-Zn-Ag-Au-As综合异常几乎囊括了杨坪—王坪所有的钼铅锌矿床;自然重砂异常以高温矿物组合异常为中心,中温铅族异常环绕,向外重晶石、毒砂等低温矿物异常依次分布,显示出清晰的矿物温度分带特点;基于矿集区的综合找矿信息建立了钼铅锌矿的成矿模式,为进一步的找矿勘查提供依据。     

Pressure-temperature Evolution of the Metapelites in the Motuo Area,the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis

The Motuo area is located in the east of the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis. There outcrops a sequence of high-grade metamorphic rocks, such as metapelites. Petrology and mineralogy data suggest that these rocks have experienced three stages of metamorphism. The prograde metamorphic mineral assemblages(M1) are mineral inclusions(biotite + plagioclase + quartz ± sillimanite ± Fe-Ti oxides) preserved in garnet porphyroblasts, and the peak metamorphic assemblages(M2) are represented by garnet with the lowest XSps values and the lowest XFe# ratios and the matrix minerals(plagioclase + quartz ± Kfeldspar + biotite + muscovite + kyanite ± sillimanite), whereas the retrograde assemblages(M3) are composed of biotite + plagioclase + quartz symplectites rimming the garnet porphyroblasts. Thermobarometric computation shows that the metamorphic conditions are 562–714°C at 7.3–7.4 kbar for the M1 stage, 661–800°C at 9.4–11.6 kbar for the M2 stage, and 579–713°C at 5.5–6.6 kbar for the M3 stage. These rocks are deciphered to have undergone metamorphism characterized by clockwise P-T paths involving nearly isothermal decompression(ITD) segments, which is inferred to be related to the collision of the India and Eurasia plates.     

三号井充水因素分析及涌水量预测

矿坑涌水量的大小是反映一定充水条件下,矿坑充水程度的定量指标,该指标将做为矿山开采设计中制定防治水方案的依据。本文在充分分析三号井周边地下水的赋存与分布,及该区域地下水的补径排条件,对矿床充水因素进行分析,利用矿区水文地质参数进行分析计算,采用“大井法”和“比拟法”对矿坑涌水量进行计算,经成果分析推荐采用“大井法”推算出的结果466 m3/d作为三矿日涌水量的数值。该结果做为三号井开采设计中制定防治水方案的依据。     

香格里拉东坝多金属勘查区找矿前景分析

通过总结香格里拉县东坝铜金多金属勘查区的地质特征,类比邻近东炉房矿区的地质特征及化探异常,两者在许多方面具有很多的相似性,所以认为东坝勘查区具有找矿的良好前景.     

新疆东准噶尔地区姜巴斯套组岩石学特征及构造意义

新疆东准噶尔地区姜巴斯套组构造上位于卡拉麦里断裂和清水—苏吉泉断裂之间,本文根据该套地层的野外地质特征、岩石学特征及古生物化石特征,讨论其形成时代。同时结合前人对卡拉麦里蛇绿岩研究的资料,以及蛇绿岩被早石炭统姜巴斯套组不整合覆盖,确定该洋盆闭合早于早石炭世,这对探讨东准地区构造演化有重要的科学意义。     

从地球物理勘探成果探讨嘉峪关断裂与酒东盆地对地热资源的控制

酒东盆地是典型挤压造山型盆地,嘉峪关断裂是第四纪活动断裂,具有储热导热良好的地热地质条件,虽地温场偏低于东部裂谷型盆地,在以往石油勘探和水文地质普查中已发现有地下热水存在。嘉峪关市区一带通过石油普查重力、直流电测深资料重新解释,结合以往石油地震勘探和钻探成果,认为嘉峪关—酒泉凹陷具备地热资源形成的储、盖、通、源条件,属中低温盆地传导型地热资源,具有经济开发价值。