液核地球自转速率变化的带谐潮效应Ⅱ——数值计算与比较

地球自转速率的潮汐变化可由无量纲参数k／Cm)(k和Cm分别为壳幔的有效Love数和有效板转动惯量)来表征。对于一个具有弹性地幔、平衡海潮和核幔不耦合的地球k／Cm=0．944，且与潮波频率无关。海潮的非平衡扰动使k／Cm为复数，且与频率有关。大气对自转速率有效勒夫数的贡献约为△kat=0．0075。同时地幔滞弹性对勒夫数也产生扰动。利用本文得到的理论公式和最新的潮汐数据计算了地球自转速率的潮汐变化，及其有关地球物理机制的影响。     

低谷效应与江西发展战略

江西省作为京汕低谷中的最大省区,具有独特的地位。作者运用低谷理论,对江西走出低谷的几个问题进行探讨。指出:江西在我国东部属于落后地区,只要正视落后,抓住落后的“低谷效应”,因势利导,变劣势为优势,江西就大有希望。     

高速远程滑坡飞行数值分析

许多大型高速远程滑坡在近程活动阶段呈现凌空飞行运动,其飞行过程必须考虑空气动力学效应和地面效应,但是直接求解高速滑体凌空飞行运动的偏微分方程是困难的。因此,以往的研究只给出了定性分析或粗略的计算结果。本文将以头寨沟滑坡为例,使用数值模拟方法研究高速滑体凌空飞行的运动规律。结果表明,高速滑体凌空飞行时空气动力效应更多地表现为对滑体的抬升作用;高速滑体因空气动力效应的影响而产生不断增大的水平推力和竖向抬升力,使得水平加速度不断增大,竖向加速度不断减小,导致滑体的水平速度不断增大,而竖向速度则趋于稳定值,当水平速度远超过竖向速度时,滑体的飞行姿态将接近于平行于地面。因此,与不考虑空气动力学效应的情况相比,高速滑体凌空飞行时间更长,飞行距离更远,更加符合滑坡的实际情况。     

西藏西南部拉昂错地幔橄榄岩的地球化学特征及其构造意义

拉昂错蛇绿岩位于西藏西南部雅鲁藏布缝合带(YZSZ)的西段,由地幔橄榄岩和侵入其中的基性岩墙组成.拉昂错地幔橄榄岩普遍发育碎斑结构及熔体注入和交代结构,尖晶石的Cr#值具有较广泛的变化(0.32～0.70),大多数样品富集LREE并伴随HFSE的明显增加,少数亏损LREE,前者部分熔融程度为15%～23%,后者为10%左右,这表明它们并不是地幔单阶段部分熔融的残余物,而是MORB型亏损橄榄岩在俯冲过程中再度部分熔融后熔体与残余地幔相互作用的产物,由于熔体不同程度的混合与交代,形成了各种再饱满程度不同的橄榄岩.对拉昂错地幔橄榄岩岩石学和地球化学特征的研究,为探讨YZSZ蛇绿岩带所代表的特提斯洋盆的形成和演化提供了新的证据.     

Effect of Cyclic Loading Frequency on Undrained Behaviors of Undisturbed Marine Clay

Based on a series of cyclic triaxial tests, the effect of cyclic frequency on the undrained behaviors of undisturbed marine clay is investigated. For a given dynamic stress ratio, the accumulated pore water pressure and dynamic strain increase with the number of cycles. There exists a threshold value for beth the accumulated pore water pressure and dynamic strain, below which the effect of cyclic frequency is very small, but above which the accumulated pore water pressure and dynamic strain increase intensely with the decrease of cyclic frequency for a given number of cycles. The dynamic strength increases with the increase of cyclic frequency, whereas the effect of cyclic frequency on it gradually diminishes to zero when the number of cycles is large enough, and the dynamic strengths at different frequencies tend to the same limiting minimum dynamic strength. The test results demonstrate that the reasons for the frequency effect on the undrained soil behaviors are beth the creep effect induced by the loading rate and the decrease of sample effective confining pressure caused by the accumulated pore water pressure.     

30天记录的潮汐谱分析

一、引言 目前，存在着不断增长数目的短期(例如30天)潮汐观测记录，特别是越来越多的潮流观测记录已从自动记录仪器获得。这些资料需要人们去分析、研究和利用。多年来，人们通常用经典的调和分析方法来分析短期潮汐记录，而这些方法仅仅提供人们一些预先确定了的分潮的信息。事实上，在不同的地区存在着不同的浅水分潮，而这些浅水分潮则是地区特征的表现。     

基于EOF分析对南海西北海域水体光谱特性的研究

This study presents an analysis of the spectral characteristics of remote sensing reflectance(R_(rs)) in northwestern South China Sea based on the in situ optical and water quality data for August 2018.R_(rs)was initially divided into four classes,classes A to D,using the max-classification algorithm,and the spectral properties of whole R_(rs) were characterized using the empirical orthogonal function(EOF) analysis.Subsequently,the dominant factors in each EOF mode were determined.The results indicated that more than 95% of the variances of R_(rs) are partly driven by the back-scattering characteristics of the suspended matter.The initial two EOF modes were well correlated with the total suspended matter and back-scattering coefficient.Furthermore,the first EOF modes of the four classes of R_(rs)(A-D R_(rs)-EOF_1) significantly contributed to the total variances of each R_(rs) class.In addition,the correlation coefficients between the amplitude factors of class A-D R_(rs)-EOF_1 and the variances of the relevant water quality and optical parameters were better than those of the unclassified ones.The spectral shape of class AR_(rs)-EOF_1 was governed by the absorption characteristic of chlorophyll a and colored dissolved organic matter(CDOM).The spectral shape of class B R_(rs)-EOF_1 was governed by the absorption characteristic of CDOM since it exhibited a high correlation with the absorption coefficient of CDOM(a_g(λ)),whereas the spectral shape of class C R_(rs)-EOF_1 was governed by the back-scattering characteristics but not affected by the suspended matter.The spectral shape of class D R_(rs)-EOF_1 exhibited a relatively good correlation with all the water quality parameters,which played a significant role in deciding its spectral shape.     

从树轮б~(13)C序列中提取大气б~(13)C信息的可行性研究

工业革命以来化石燃料的大量使用和森林的过度砍伐,引起大气CO2浓度大幅度增加,但同时由于"Suess"效应,大气δ13C值却在不断下降。研究大气δ13C值的变化历史,不仅有助于预测其今后的趋向,而且可以用来了解碳循环的自然变率和校正全球碳预算模型。由于直接的仪器测量从1978年才开始,因此便产生了各种各样的替代方法。利用树轮δ13C值重建古大气δ13C值的变化就是其中的一种,但树轮δ13C值容易受到外界环境因子的影响,从树轮δ13C值中得到的大气δ13C值存在很大的差异。本文分析了树木生长季(5—9月)温度和降水对树轮δ13C值序列变化趋势的影响。结果表明,温度和降水对树轮δ13C序列的趋势变化没有明显的影响,树轮δ13C值近几十年来下降的趋势主要反映的是大气CO2浓度的增加引起的"Suess"效应。但自然灾害的发生和树轮δ13C值的边材效应可以改变这种结果,如新疆昭苏树轮δ13C值和年轮宽度分别在1969年和1967年突然升高以及青海祁连树轮δ13C值在1990年后上升。     

海峡效应作用与局地水文气候特征分析

海峡对气流和海流的效应作用是明显的。由海峡效应作用使风力的增强和海况的恶性化，对海峡及邻近海区危害极大。但狭管效应又有得地调节了不同纬度和海区的气候和热状况。海峡效应作用与季节变化、盛行气流和天气系统不同季风天气过程的强度变化关系密切，与各海峡所处地理位置和走向有关等。     

从高空普查含气构造

莫斯科“农业资源自动化信息控制系统”科学研究中心和沃罗湟日大学的专家们，在“黑海油气”公司基地首次进行了海面红外线热探测试验．试验的目的是研究已知的、产生在天然气田之上的海面负热异常效应．