Dominant climate factors influencing the Arctic runoff and association between the Arctic runoff and sea ice

By using the Arctic runoff data from R-ArcticNET V4.0 and ArcticRIMS, trends of four major rivers flowing into the Arctic Ocean, whose climate factor plays an important role in determining the variability of the Arctic runoff, are investigated. The results show that for the past 30 years, the trend of the Arctic runoff is seasonally dependent. There is a significant trend in spring and winter and a significant decreasing trend in summer, leading to the reduced seasonal cycle. In spring, surface air temperature is the dominant factor influencing the four rivers. In summer, precipitation is the most important factor for Lena and Mackenzie, while snow cover is the most important factor for Yenisei and Ob. For Mackenzie, atmospheric circulation does play an important role for all the seasons, which is not the case for the Eurasian rivers. The authors further discuss the relationships between the Arctic runoff and sea ice. Significant negative correlation is found at the mouth of the rivers into the Arctic Ocean in spring, while significant positive correlation is observed just at the north of the mouths of the rivers into the Arctic in summer. In addition, each river has different relationship with sea ice in the eastern Greenland Sea.     

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SeaWinds散射计海面风场的几何反演算法

基于SeaWinds散射计雷达后向散射截面积随风速和相对方位角的变化规律, 从信息图谱几何形态特征出发, 提出了一种新的海面风场反演方法。它不同于传统的依据最小概率误差的遍历搜索算法, 反演时不依赖方差, 仅从信息图谱几何形态特征就可以反演风矢量。实验共用了218623条数据(即218623个风元)。实验结果表明, 与对应的美国NASA反演数据(L2B)对比, 风速平均相对偏差为7.4%, 风向平均偏差为9.5°。     

焦耳效应标定高温卡尔维微量热计

根据热流式量热计的Tian氏方程,用焦耳效应标定高温卡尔维微量热计。用偏差法得到的灵敏度值与积分法测得的值一致。用回归曲线对灵敏度实验值进行拟合,利用计算机求得灵敏度—温度回归曲线,得到了室温至700℃的全部灵敏度值,从而即可使用微量热计测量此温度范围内的未知样品热效应。     

中国煤田的空气潜孔锤钻进

随着中国国民经济的发展,对煤炭资源的需求日益增加,浅部的、地理条件较好的煤田已被陆续勘探完毕,中国煤田地质勘探面临的任务越来越艰巨,勘探条件越来越困难。无论是老矿的扩大延深或寻找新的煤炭基地,都需向深部勘探、向山区勘探。较厚的上覆坚硬岩层和高山区严重漏水及供水困难,是传统工艺难以突破的两大难关。为提高勘探的速度和效益,必须寻找新的手段,于是中国煤田地质勘探的空气潜孔锤钻进便应运而生。     

泌阳县发展植桑养蚕的气候资源开发利用及生产对策

分析了地处豫西南浅山丘陵区的泌阳县境内各地理分区的光、热、水等资源，认为该县气候特点适宜发展植桑养蚕生产，建议大面积开发蚕桑生产区域，并针对不利气象条件提出了气象专业服务措施和生产对策建议。     

关于深孔水下CSR空气潜孔锤钻进的研究成果及其推广应用的若干见解

本文介绍了二类重点科研项目“深孔高水柱大背压ＣＳＲ空气潜孔锤钻进工艺及配套技术研究”所取得的成果。特别是对首次提出的确定ＣＳＲ空气潜孔锤水下钻进合理深度的方法和工艺技术改进的内容，进行了较详细的介绍。文章最后对该成果的进一步推广应用中应注意的问题，提出了个人见解和建议。