苏北榴辉岩中金红石矿床的形成机制探索

通过对钛的迁移形式和条件的研讨,结合苏北地区的地质背景、有关矿物流体包裹体的化学成分、榴辉岩中有关矿物的化学成分、金红石的赋存状态、含金红石榴辉岩主要矿物组合等情况,认为该类金红石矿床的形成机制可描述为:华北、扬子两大板块碰撞、俯冲,将苏北地区地壳浅部的基性岩等带入上地幔的高温、高压、强还原富氢环境,岩石中部分钛呈氢化物活化。此后,由于地壳运动,榴辉岩折返、抬升,地幔深部的钛氢化物与岩石中活化的钛氢化物随榴辉岩一同迁移至地壳浅部,由于氧逸度大增,压力、温度大降,还原性气体逃逸、氧化,逐渐演化为相对氧化性的环境,钛氢化物被氧化成金红石、沉淀富集成矿。     

新疆库鲁克塔格地区早寒武世磷质岩的形成条件

根据地层层序与岩石学特征,对新疆库鲁克塔格地区下寒武统西山布拉克组磷质岩的形成环境,物质来源和形成机理进行了分析。认为本区磷质岩形成于从浪基面附近至氧化界面附近一个较宽泛的环境带中,具有热液和生物两个方面的物质来源。来自火山和生物的含磷物质由上升洋流带至沉积地点经化学沉淀形成磷质岩。而后又经历了水流与波浪的作用,以及重力产生的滑塌事件的改造。西山布拉克组沉积时期经历了三次海平面的升降变化,磷质岩是早期海平面变化的产物。沉积过程发生在高级别的海侵背景之下。     

Influence factors of phosphorus variation regularity in sediment-water system

Knowledge of phosphorus （P） variation regularity of sediment-water system has important influence on water pollution. Thus P variation regularity of top-sediment affected by some factors such as type of sediment （sandy and silty）, background value of sediment, P concentration of overlaying water, inhibiter, disinfection, was investigated. The results stated that, （1） P in the sandy sediment occurred mainly in the form of insoluble P. Silty sediment with a low background level has higher dissoluble total phosphorus （DTP） content than silty sediment with a high background level. （2） Low-P primary liquid has low TP and DTP contents, TP in the overlying water was rich in DTP. While TP in overlying water of high P primary liquid was rich in insoluble total phosphorus （ITP）. Overlying water of adding inhibitor set has high TP, dominated by ITP. TP in overlying water of no inhibitor set was dominated by DTP. Adding inhibitor set has obviously high pH value and tallish DO concentration in overlying water than in no inhibitor set. Disinfection set has high Pcontent in overlying water, DTP content is high. DO and ORP in overlying water of non-disinfection set were obviously higher than in that disinfection set.     

Eutrophication study at the Panjiakou-Daheiting Reservoir system, northern Hebei Province, People＇s Republic of China： Chlorophyll-a model and external and internal sources of phosphorus and nitrogen

Concentrations and loads of nitrate and total phosphorus and the sources of these two nutrients were investigated at the Panjiakou and Daheiting Reservoir system in northern Hebei Province, the People＇s Republic of China. The Luanhe River is the primary source of water to these reservoirs. The response of the reservoir system from the phosphorus loading, with respect to chlorophyll-a production from algae, was fitted to a model of normalized phosphorus loading which regresses the average summer-time chlorophyll-a concentration to the average annual phosphorus concentration of the reservoir. The reservoirs have a primary use for drinking water and partially supplies the city of Tianjin with its annual supply, but secondary uses include flood control and aqua culture （fish cages）. Comparison of the normalized phosphorus loading and chlorophyll-a response of this system to other reservoirs throughout the world from similar studies indicates an elevated level of eutrophication, which will require an approximate 10-fold decrease in phosphorus load reduction to bring the system to a more acceptable level of algal productivity. Isotopes of nitrogen and oxygen in dissolved nitrate were measured from the headwater streams and at various locations along the major river system that provides the majority of water to this reservoir, and within the two reservoirs.     

The treatment of wastewaters with high phosphorous and high ammonia loadings using modified bauxite refinery residues

Bauxsol（TM） is a trade marked name for a modified bauxite refining residue where Ca and Mg are used to transform carbonate and hydroxide alkalinity from soluble to insoluble forms within the bauxite refinery residue （red mud）, This leads to a pH reduction from 〉13 to ≈8.5 and reduces soluble Al and Na contents. The concentration ratios of Ca and Mg in the treatment brine can be manipulated to provide neo-formational mineral assemblages dominated by either Mg, or Ca end members; hydrotalcite and brucite （Mg-rich）, or hydrocalumite, para-aluminohydrocalcite, aragonite and portlandite （Ca-rich）. The Bauxsol（TM） raw material （BRM） has excellent metal binding capacity （〉1500 meq/kg）, good P binding capacity （〉2% by mass） and a good acid neutralising capacity （3.5-7 M/kg）, however the BRM can be further blended with other mineral additives to enhance the geochemical properties and improve specific performance. This paper reports on the use of a high-Mg Bauxsol（TM） blend to treat waters that have high P, NH4＋ and polyacrylamide （flocculant） loadings in Biological Nutrient Reduction （BNR） plant digested sewage sludge centrates. Initial analysis of the centrate indicated it contained 325 mg/L total-P （225 mg/L P as ortho-P）, 767 mg/L N as NH4^＋, suspended solids loads （TSS） of 683 mg/L and chemical oxygen demand （COD） of 480 mg/L （although the day to day variability in nutrient loadings can be as much as 25%）. This was then treated using 1.7 g/L of a high-Mg Bauxsol （TM） blend to yield a water with 〈1.8 mg/L total-P （ortho-P is 〈0.5 mg/L）, NH4^＋ 〈460 mg/L N, 〈60 mg/L TSS, and 〈300 mg/L COD. Small additions of ferric chloride post Bauxsol （TM） addition reduced the soluble ortho-P load by about 50% and about 30% of the COD, but these additions appear largely unnecessary. Analysis of the solid residue indicates it contains 11.5% P, 0.39% N, 21% Mg, and 2.44% crude protein making the solid residue a potentially useful fertilizer. It is likely that P and NH4^＋ is affected by the formation of MgHPO4 and Mg （NH4）PO4 （Struvite） within the solids. Calculations from the solids indicate that 85% of the P removal is as MgHPO4, which appears consistent with literature on the formation geochemistry of struvite around pH 8.0. Further manipulation of the geochemistry of waters and kinetics of crystal growth may allow for a greater struvite recovery, and further enhanced ammonia removal. The treated centrate is then reported back to the head of works and solids are removed with the sludge at the primary and secondary clarifier.     

Seasonal variations of adsorption/desorption equilibrium concentrations of P at water-sediment interface in the Meiliang Bay, Taihu Lake, China

Seasonal variations of adsorption/desorption equilibrium were investigated by collecting overlying water and seasonal sediment from the Meiliang Bay, Taihu Lake, China. At the same time, seasonal variations of TP and P fractions＇ concentrations in the initial and end of adsorption experiment were also carried out. In addition, the effects of temperature on the P translocation process were also conducted and discussed. The following conclusions were obtained： The sequence of adsorption/desorption equilibrium concentrations of P at water-sediment interface was spring〈winter〈autumn. In sediment the concentrations of TP decline. Concentration P decreased with temperature.     

锑的野外快速分析方法——氢化物发生-光导分光光度法

详细考察了用氢化物发生-光导比色法在野外实验条件下测定Sb的各种条件及影响因素，制定了适合野外的氢化物发生-光导比色快速测定锑的方法。样品经王水封闭溶解后，在掩蔽剂存在下，用自制的硼氢化钾片使经预还原的Sb生成氢化物逸出，将吸收液中的Fe（Ⅲ）还原为Fe（Ⅱ）与邻菲口罗啉显色，用自行开发、研制的光导分光光度（比色）计进行比色测定。方法的检出限（3s）为0．18μg/g，加标回收率为96．0％～98．0％，11次测定的精密度（RSD）小于8．2％。方法经国家一级标准物质验证，分析结果与标准值吻合。     

云南省德泽、澄江磷块岩中砷的存在形式研究

云南省德泽、澄江磷块岩中砷的存在形式研究曹俊臣１）许善任２）王冠鑫１）倪守昌２）１（中国科学院广州地球化学研究所，广州５１０６４０）２（云南省地矿局地质科研所，昆明６５００１１）关键词砷的存在形式磷块若去砷方法云南云南省是我国重要的产磷区，每年有大量...     

氢化物—原子荧光法测定大洋沉积物中的砷

试验了常用酸及还原剂用量对测定Ａｓ的影响，选择了仪器的最佳工作条件，考察了大洋沉积物中主量及常见元素对测定的干扰情况，并给出了这些元素不干扰测定的允许存在量。方法用于测定海底沉积物标准样品，结果与标准值吻合，相对标准偏差（ｎ＝１２）小于５％。