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71.
本文对中国、英国海洋石油开发管理现状作了扼要介绍,并进行了初步对比和分析。从英国海洋石油开发成功的经验、失败的教训中吸取教益,结合中国具体情况,探讨了中国海洋石油开发的路子。 相似文献
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Owing to the complexity of the pipe-in-pipe (PIP) riser system in structure, load and restraint, many problems arise in the structural analysis of the system. This paper presents a new method for nonlinear static finite element stress analysis of the PIP riser system. The finite element (FE) model of the PIP riser system is built via software AutoPIPE 6.1. According to the specialties of a variety of components in the PIP riser system, different elements are used so as to model the system accurately. Allowing for the complication in modeling the effects of seabed restraint, a technique based on the bilinear spring concept is developed to calculate the soil properties. Then, based on a pipeline project, the entire procedure of stress analysis is discussed in detail, including creation of an FE model, processing of input data and analysis of results. A wide range of loading schemes is investigated to ascertain that the stresses remain within the acceptable range of the pipe material strength. Finally, the effects of the location of flanges, the thermal expansion of submarine pipelines and the seabed restraint on stress distribution in the riser and expansion loop are studied, which are valuable for pipeline designers. 相似文献
74.
厦门西海域海水和养殖动物污染物初步调查 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
1999年2月和4月对厦门西海域海水和两种养殖动物的重金属(Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb)、石油类和大肠杆菌数量进行了调查。结果表明:西海域海水的重金属(Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb)、石油类含量基本符合国家一类海水水质标准,养殖动物鲈鱼和僧帽牡蛎也基本符合国家食品卫生标准。海水中的大肠杆菌数量超过了国家海水卫生标准,显示该海域有一定程度的有机质污染,其养殖产品不宜生食。马銮湾内海水和养殖动物的污染物含量较海外高。养殖鲈鱼的肝脏对重金属和石油类的浓集系数远较肌肉为高,而僧帽牡蛎对污染物的浓集能力又明显比鲈鱼强。 相似文献
75.
根据85—904—06课题需要,地矿部海洋地质研究所许东禹副所长、蔡乾忠研究员,一行三人,于1993年11月21日至12月4日赴朝鲜进行了为期两周的石油地质考察和科技交流. 相似文献
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As a new method, the ultraviolet spectrum technique is applied to studying the connectivity of biode-gradable heavy oil reservoirs. The similarity of crude oils can be judged according to the extinction coefficient (E) because aromatic hydrocarbons and non-hydrocarbons have conjugated bonds and obvious absorption in the ultraviolet range, and different materials have different characteristics and additives. The relationship diagram is made in terms of the extinction coefficients (E) of the samples by taking E as the Y-axis and wavelength as the X-axis. The connectivity of oil reservoirs is estimated according to the curve positions and characteristic fingerprints of the sampies. The connectivity of part of the reservoirs in the western part of the QHD32-6 oilfield was studied with this method. The results showed that the connectivity of samples from wells F7 and F8 in the Nm-2 oil reservoir zone is good, that of samples from wells F17 and F20 in the Nm-1 oil reservoir zone also is good, and that of samples from wells F17, F19, and F20 is poor. 相似文献
80.
Treatment with metallic copper for the removal of elemental sulfur from bitumen extracted from sedimentary rocks or petroleum is the most widely used method. Little attention has been paid, however, to its disadvantages. It was observed that copper can interact with some polar organic substances during conventional sulfur removal, which can strongly influence the quantitative and qualitative determination of bitumen, as has been confirmed by interaction of long-chain fatty acids with copper. The copper soap generated was analyzed by element analysis, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), thermal analysis (TG-DSC) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FFIR). Mechanism of the interaction was investigated and elucidated. Our experimental results would necessitate improvement of the present method for sulfur removal and/or a search for a new one. 相似文献