浅议赤潮

海洋是一种生物与环境、生物与生物之间相互依存，相互制约的复杂生态系统。系统中的物质循环、能量流动都是相对稳定，动态平衡的。当赤潮发生时这种平衡遭到干扰和破坏。在植物性赤潮发生初期，由于植物的光合作用。水体会出现高叶绿素a、高溶解氧、高化学耗氧量。赤潮造成的环境改变，使一些海洋生物不能正常生长，导致一些生物逃避甚至死亡，破坏了原有的生态平衡。     

辽宁省大石桥－吉洞峪一带辽河岩群变质地层的对比研究

辽宁省大石桥－吉洞峪一带出露的主要为古元古代的变质层状岩系，由云母片岩、长英质粒岩和大理类组成。区域上形成一大型北东向的复式向斜构造。复向斜南北两翼变质地层对比问题是辽吉东部辽河岩群研究的主要内容之一。作者根据五年来在大石桥－吉洞峪一带进行１∶５万区调所获得的新资料，从标志层及组合标志层、岩相学特征、主要标志层的岩石化学和稀土地球化学特征、变质作用演化等方面的研究入手，讨论了复向斜两翼变质地层对比的问题。结果表明，辽河岩群构成复向斜南北两翼的变质地层是完全可以对比的，从而进一步证实辽河岩群是一个不可分割的整体     

Impacts of Coagulation Pretreatment on MF Filtration and a Comparative Study of Different Membrane Module Types

Changes in the regulatory requirements and the forthcoming Disinfectant/Disinfection By-Products （D/DBP） Rule will require that drinking water treatment facilities be operated to achieve maximum removals of particles and disinfectant tolerant microorganisms as well as natural organic matter （NOM）. For drinking water production, the use of membrane filtration processes such as microfiltration and ultrafiltration （MF/UF） alone to satisfy the turbidity, particle and microorganism removal a requirement of the surface water treatment regulation （SWTR） is not enough. MF/UF treatment processes can achieve only nominal （10 percent） removal of disinfection by-products （DBP） precursors （James, et al., 1995）. On the other hand, too fast fouling can make the filtration processes more difficult to carry on. To solve these problems, many authors have been interested in installing coagulation pretreatment before membrane filtration to improve membrane performance. However, previous studies reported conflicting results. Some supported the effectiveness of coagulation pretreatment, while others contended that coagulation aggravated membrane performance. This research aims to identify the effects of coagulation pretreatment on membrane filtration through a pilot study using PVDF membrane in combination with analyzing the rationale of coagulation. Another objective of this research was to evaluate the different impacts on membrane performance of using different membrane modules （the submerged module and pressured module）. The results showed that coagulation pretreatment greatly improved the membrane performance, extending the filtration time as well as reducing the permeated organic level, and that the submerged module is much more efficient than the pressured module.     

生物饵料培养课程教学改革的探索与实践

介绍了“激发学生学习兴趣—优化课堂理论教学—强化实验教学”模式在生物饵料培养课程教学中的探索与实践。提出增强教学的趣味性、改革课程考核方法、合理安排实验课顺序及加强学生实验操作能力的培养等途径改革教学方法。通过问卷对此教学模式进行调查,结果表明生物饵料培养的教学改革取得较好的效果。     

论本溪群

本溪群的原始定义属岩石地层单位,70年来的研究表明;其界线层型及岩百地层单位性质没有改变过;本溪群可以延展到东北南部及华北,并具有二分、三分的概分性。华北本溪群曾被划分为湖田组(铁铝岩组)和畔沟组,业已证实二分的可行性;张守信(1988,1992)欲以太原组(新涵义)替代本溪群(剔除下部铁铝岩组合)是不可行的。     

The genotoxic effects of benzo[a]pyrene and methamidophos on black porgy evaluated by comet assay

In this study, two common pollutants （benzo[a]pyrene and methamidophos） in marine environment were tested by comet assay for their inducement of in vivo genotoxic effect to the blood cells of black porgy （ Acanthopagrus schlegeli）. The fish was exposed to 2 μg/L of benzo[a]pyrene （BaP） and methamidophos, and their mixture. The assay was performed on whole blood at 2 h, 5 h, 24 h and 96 h exposure intervals. A significant increase in DNA damage was observed in each treatment with the pollutants. Additive effect of BaP and methamidophos was also found in the experiment. However, the decrease ratios of DNA damage for 5 h and 96 h exposure interals compared with 2 h and 24 h exposure ones, respectively, were noticed. This phenomenon may be explained by the function of repairing process via enzyme cytochrome P450 in the animal. Evidence of the genotoxicity of organophosphorus pesticides （OPs） and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） on marine fish are discussed in this paper.