Soil evolution features of debris flow waste-shoal land

The reclamation and utilization of debris flow waste-shoal land plays an important role in the mitigation and control of debris flow hazards, which thus contributes a lot to the exploitation of insufficient land resources in mountainous areas and the reduction of losses caused by debris flow. The aim of this paper is to discuss the features and mechanism of soil evolution of debris flow waste-shoal land so as to search for the available modes of its reclamation and utilization. The Jiangjiagou Ravine, a typical debris flow ravine, was selected to study soil evolution features of debris flow waste-shoal land based on the analysis of soil physieochemical properties and soil microstructure. It was found that the soil evolution rates of debris flow waste-shoal land varied with different modes of reclamation. For the land which had been reclaimed for less than lO years, soil evolved most rapidly in paddy fields, and more rapidly in dry farmland than in naturally restored waste-shoal land. For the land which had been used for more than lo years, the soil evolution rates of dry farmland, naturally restored waste-shoal land and paddy farmland decreased in the file. For the same utilization period of time, significant differences were recognized in soil evolution features under different modes of reclamation. Analysis data showed that soil clay content, soil thickness, the psephicity of skeleton particles and contents of microaggregates （〈0.02 mm） in paddy farmland were all highest. Soil nutrients and porosity of dry farmland were better than those of paddy farmland and naturally restored waste-shoal land, and those of paddy farmland were superior to those of naturally restored waste-shoal land. Paddy farmland characterized by rapid pedogenesis, stable evolution and high utilizability was the priority candidate for the reclamation and utilization of debris flow waste -shoal land.     

黔北铝土矿豆鲕粒结构的成因机理

铝土矿床中豆鲕粒结构的形成,直接与红土化作用有关.本文试以黔北铝土矿床为例,论述了古代喀斯特型铝土矿床中豆鲕结构的成因机理。其豆鲕粒结构存在的本身便标志着经历了红土化阶段或直接源出于红土物质。当化学风化作用进入到酸性淋溶阶段时,大量的有机酸胶、铝、硅、铁胶,经过复杂的分凝、软胶化、扩散、间歇反应、陈化等胶体化学作用,直接孕育成了豆鲕粒结构.豆鲕粒的形状、大小、密度、分布等特征,则取决于原始溶胶的数量、浓度,浓度梯度和相对稳定度。与豆鲕粒结构密切伴生的复胶状结构,其成因也是胶体作用所致.属风化作用或与风化作用密切有关的矿床类型.     

江苏新泗地区微玻璃球粒初步研究

本文论述了江苏省新沂、泗洪地区下更新统王圩组中、下部砂砾层中的微玻璃球的物性特征、化学成分、表面和断面结构、构造,并同我国及世界各地的微玻璃陨石进行对比,从而认为:新、泗地区微玻璃球粒既非海底火山物质,也非工业污染,其成因是地外陨落物,属于“陨石消融型微玻璃质球粒”。     

粒间溶液形成条件的实验研究

粒间溶液形成条件的实验研究李兆麟，雷丽红，郭洪中，蒋浩深，赵梅芳（中山大学地质系，广州５１０２７５）（南京大学地球科学系，南京２１００００８）关键词粒间溶液，实验地球化学关于粒间溶液成矿的问题，作者在１９８６年进行过论述，１９８９～１９９２年进行了深...     

西秦岭南亚带太阳顶群硅质岩的沉积地球化学及成因研究

西秦岭南亚带太阳顶群硅质岩是碳硅泥岩型微细粒浸染状金矿的主要赋存岩石。硅质岩总厚度555m，呈层状、透镜状产出。太阳顶群除硅质岩外．其余主要为细碎屑岩。硅质岩的主元素特征为富Si、Fe．贫Al、Ti、Ca、Mg等；微量元素贫Cu、Ni、Co，富U；稀土元素表现出较明显的铈负异常。硅质岩的全岩氧同位素δ^18OSMOW(‰)值为18．60=1，表明太阳顶群硅质岩具有热水沉积的地球化学特征。     

青藏高原内陆水系冰川粒雪线与中值高度趋势面的绘制与主要特征

本选用中国冰川目录数据库中的青藏高原内陆水系冰川粒雪线、中值高度和地理坐标资料，利用计算机绘图方法，绘制出冰川粒支线、中值高度在空间的变化趋势，以便全面认识该地区的冰川发育特征。     

菌藻对碳酸盐颗粒的泥晶化作用研究─以滇西保山地区下石炭统研究为例

碳酸盐颗粒泥晶化由真菌类和藻类的穿孔所引起，颗粒泥晶化可划分为四个阶段６种类型，泥晶套和泥晶铸型分别代表泥晶化的成长、成熟阶段。丰富的泥晶化颗粒为浅滩标志；泥晶化的深度与沉积速度成反比；泥晶化均匀程度与颗粒翻转次数成正比；颗粒泥晶化类型组合与风暴沉积有关；暴露环境出现溶蚀孔洞或负鲕。菌藻的泥晶化作用可加速海水及成岩压实作用对颗粒的破碎和细化并产生内碎屑和灰泥；鲕粒泥晶化后转变为辐射鲕和假鲕。     

青海祁连含煤区侏罗纪含煤岩系沉积环境

根据含煤层段的河流,湖泊沉积的粒度分布特征,研究了木里煤田侏罗纪沉积环境的主含煤段的微相控制及其变化规律,并且以此为基础提出了本区找煤的方向。