Carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of car- bonate cements of different phases in terrigenous siliciclastic reservoirs and significance for their origin： A case study from sandstones of the Triassic Yanchang Formation, southwestern Ordos Basin, China

Early carbonate cements in the Yanchang Formation sandstones are composed mainly of calcite with relatively heavier carbon isotope （their δ^18O values range from -0.3‰- -0.1‰） and lighter oxygen isotope （their δ^18O values range from -22.1‰- -19.5‰）. Generally, they are closely related to the direct precipitation of oversaturated calcium carbonate from alkaline lake water. This kind of cementation plays an important role in enhancing the anti-compaction ability of sandstones, preserving intragranular volume and providing the mass basis for later disso- lution caused by acidic fluid flow to produce secondary porosity. Ferriferous calcites are characterized by relatively light carbon isotope with δ^13C values ranging from -8.02‰ to -3.23‰, and lighter oxygen isotope with δ^18O values ranging from -22.9‰ to -19.7‰, which is obviously related to the decarboxylation of organic matter during the late period of early diagenesis to the early period of late diagenesis. As the mid-late diagenetic products, ferriferous cal- cites in the study area are considered as the characteristic authigenic minerals for indicating large-scaled hydrocarbon influx and migration within the clastic reservoir. The late ankerite is relatively heavy in carbon isotope with δ^13C values ranging from -1.92‰ to -0.84‰, and shows a wide range of variations in oxygen isotopic composition, with δ^18O values ranging from -20.5‰ to -12.6‰. They are believed to have nothing to do with decarboxylation, but the previously formed marine carbonate rock fragments may serve as the chief carbon source for their precipitation, and the alkaline diagenetic environment at the mid-late stage would promote this process.     

延安地区水泥原料及其开发可行性研究

延安地区中侏罗统安定组中产有陆相泥灰岩,CaO含量低于30％,且SiO_2、MgO含量高,通常不作为水泥原料。上新统三趾马红土中产有层状料僵石,两者搭配首次在φ1.5×6m普立窑中烧制出质量高的425水泥,为水泥原料贫乏的延安地区开发低品位劣质原料开辟了新途径。     

施工顺序对软土地坪复合地基的影响探讨

场地回填土与搅拌桩施工顺序将直接影响软土地坪复合地基的处理效果,其中沉降控制是影响地坪安全运行的关键。以近海软土地区工业厂房水泥土搅拌桩复合地基工程为例,探讨了复合地基水泥土搅拌桩、回填土两种不同施工顺序的影响因素及相应处理效果;通过数值模拟试验,计算分析了不同填土厚度下两种工况的地基固结总沉降、施工沉降、工后沉降。结果表明,采用“先土后桩”的施工顺序的施工期沉降大于“先桩后土”,但工后沉降大大减小,提高了软土地坪地基处理效果,有利于处理后地坪的安全运行,验证了前述分析结论,为合理设计方案的确定提供了重要的参考依据。     

国外地基加固的四种方法

(1)粘土灌浆法：把粘土泥浆压入地基空隙，它可以填塞极小的缝隙，但仅限于干燥岩层使用；(2)硅酸钠浆和氧化钙浆压法；把管壁上有许多孔的金属管打进地基，然后通过金属管将硅酸钠浆和氧化钙浆压入地基中，进行化学反应后，     

饱和软土中夯扩挤密水泥土桩施工试验研究

根据某工程的试验结果分析说明夯扩挤密水泥土桩复合地基的力学性质,总结出饱和软土中夯扩挤密水泥土桩施工工法的技术经济特点及推广应用的价值。     

巴彦淖尔市水泥混凝土施工冻害指数分析

为了便于开展冬季水泥混凝土施工气象服务,选用临河和海流图（乌拉特中旗）测站近10a的气象资料分别作为河套和后山地区的气象数据．选取逐日最高气温、最低气温、定时相对湿度、最小相对湿度、降水量、定时风速,经过筛选、统计、计算,得出河套地区水泥施工适宜时段为4月上旬末至10月中旬,后n1地区水泥施工适宜时段为4月中旬末至10月上旬．这一研究结果町以提升冬季建筑施工气象服务的针对性和实用性。     

水泥土复合管桩抗拔设计的探讨

结合工程实例,介绍了水泥土复合管桩抗拔的基本原理和特性。为了便于抗拔承载力及经济效益的对比,在同一场地,试桩方案设计水泥土复合管桩2种桩型共6根,以及钻孔灌注桩2种桩型共5根,对其分别进行单桩抗拔静力载荷试验,通过对试验结果和基桩施工造价的分析后认为,在提供相同抗拔承载力特征值时,水泥土复合管桩上拔位移量是钻孔灌注桩的1/3,而造价仅为钻孔灌注桩的80%;管桩的顶部连接采用张拉机械套筒连接是安全可靠的。采用水泥土复合管桩以达到降低工程投资、提高施工质量和保护环境的目的。