Environmental Investigation and Evaluation of Land Subsidence in the Datong Coalfield Based on InSAR Technology

Heavy mining of Jurassic and Carboniferous horizontal coal seams in the Datong coalfield has seriously affected the local geological environment, which is mainly manifested by such geohazards as soil avalanches, landslides, mudflows, surface subsidence, surface cracks, surface solid waste accumulation and surface deformation. More seriously, coal mining causes groundwater to leak. Overpumping of groundwater has resulted in substantial land subsidence of the urban area in Datong City. Based on the previous geo-environmental investigation in the work area, the authors used radar remote sensing techniques such as InSAR （synthetic aperture radar interferometry） and D-InSAR （differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry）, supplemented by the optical remote sensing method, for geo-environmental investigation to ascertain the geo-environmental background of the Datong Jurassic and Carboniferous-Permian coalfield and evaluate the effects of the geohazards, thus providing a basis for the geo-environmental protection, geohazard control and prevention, land improvement and optimization of the human environment. In this study 8 cog-nominal ERS-1/2 SAR data frames during 1992 to 2003 were used, but the following processing was made： （1） the multitemporal SAR magnitude images were used to interpret the geological structure, vegetation, microgeomorphology and drainage system; （2） the multi-temporal InSAR coherent images were used to make a classification of surface features and evaluate the coherence change due to coal mining; and （3） the multi-temporal cog-nominal SAR images were used to complete D-InSAR processing to remove the information of differential deformation areas （sites）. In the end, a ten-year time series of differential interferograms were obtained using the multi-temporal cog-nominal SAR images. In the tests, 84 deformed areas （sites） were obtained, belonging to those in 1993-1996, 1996-1997, 1997-1998, 1998-2001, 1998-2002 and 2001-2003 respectively. Of the 84 areas, 44 are m     

Distribution of Palygorskite in the Lingtai Profile of Chinese Loess Plateau: Its Paleoclimatic Implications

Palygorskite is a typical indicator mineral of the arid and strong evaporation environment. Distribution of palygorskite in loess-red clay sequences may act as an important indicator for reconstruction of the paleoenvironment and paleoclimate. In this paper, field emission scanning electron microscope and high-resolution transmission electron microscope observations on the red clay-loess-paleosol of the Renjiapo profile at Lingtai, Gansu Province indicate that palygorskite occurs widely in red clay sequences formed before 3.6 Ma, but no occurrence has been found in eolian sediments since 3.2 Ma. Micromorphological features and microstructure of palygorskite show that it is an autogenic mineral formed during pedogenesis, and transformed from iilite-montmorilionite under the pore water action. In the Lingtai profile, the disappearance horizon of palygorskite is consistent with those of increasing magnetic susceptibility, dust flux and depositional rate. The distribution of palygorskite in the profile indicates that the interval of around 3.6 Ma was an important transformation period of the East Asian paleomonsoon, when changes took place in the East Asia paleoclimate pattern, i.e. a high-frequency strong fluctuation alternative evolution of the environment. Therefore, palygorskite is a key indicator mineral of the East Asian paleomonsoon evolution of that time.     

基于高分辨率遥感数据的城市居住单元交通环境质量评价——以厦门市为例

居住单元是与人们生活密切相关的社区范围,其交通环境的优劣是衡量居住单元环境好坏的重要标准之一。高分辨遥感影像 的高空间分辨率特点为我们提供了研究居住单元交通环境的可能性。本文从区域交通环境、路网可达性出发,对城市居住单元交通 环境质量的遥感评价方法进行了研究,根据高分辨率遥感影像的特点构建了居住单元交通环境的多级指标评价体系,并对厦门市的 50个居住单元进行了评价分析。实验表明,利用高分辨率影像进行城市交通环境质量评价是一种成本较低,简便可行的方法。     

基因决定你是否快乐

为什么你感到没有别人快乐？ 答案可能就在你的基因里。英国爱丁堡大学和澳大利亚昆士兰医学研究所的心理学家发现,一个人是否快乐决定于性格特征,而性格又在很大程度上取决于遗传因素以及他的生活环境。     

期刊博览

太湖藻类的遥感监测研究;数字图像融合技术在摄影测量中的应用;网络环境下分级统计地图可视化;数字油藏空间数据挖掘与知识发现框架设计;国内外三维导航的发展现状。     

卫星影像显示非洲环境显著恶化

美国环保局近日公布的一部最新地图集显示．近几十年来非洲的自然环境发生显著恶化。这本近400页的出版物刊登了在非洲国家拍摄的300多张卫星对比影像,前一张图片和后一张图片的拍摄时间大约相隔35年．这些图像显示整个非洲大陆出现了惊人的环境变化。     

国土资源部办公厅关于配合做好2008年度土地利用动态遥感监测工作的通知

各省、自治区、直辖市国土资源厅（国土环境资源厅、国土资源局、国土资源和房屋管理局、房屋土地资源管理局）： 2008年度全国土地利用动态遥感监测工作已经启动,计划开展全国140个50万人口以上城市市辖区年度土地利用变化遥感监测。为做好相关工作,现将有关事项通知如下：     

呼伦贝尔市煤矿矿区地质环境保护与综合治理

通过对呼伦贝尔市煤矿地质环境敏感性的综合评价,结合当地实际情况,提出了以修筑拦挡建筑物、支撑与坡面防护、锚固、排水、选择更合理的开采工艺等技术手段,对该地区地质灾害进行防治的方案。方案对海拉尔河河道治理、生物措施、井下回填工程、加固边坡、抽排水、发展煤矸石砖厂、移民避让、招商引资8个部分提出了防治方法,促进地质环境治理工作的进行。     

山西省地下水开发利用引起的主要环境问题及其治理对策

在山西省地下水开发利用现状分析的基础上,对地下水开发中引起的主要环境地质问题进行了具体描述,进而针对性的提出了对地下水功能区进行划分、保护的具体措施。     

莱芜市钢城区矿山年检全面展开

莱芜市国土资源局为深入贯彻落实“在保护中开发,在开发中保护”的资源管理总原则和“资源开发和节约并举,把节约放在首位,努力提高资源利用率”的总方针。钢城分局从3月10日至3月31日对全区所有有证矿山进行现场年度检查。此次检查除一般性“证、界、费”的检查外,将重点检查煤矿、铁矿等地下开采矿山是否严格按照批准的“矿产资源开发利用方案”或采矿设计进行开采,是否存在超层越界开采行为;砂石矿山是否按照“边开采、边恢复”的要求,进行矿山的环境恢复治理。