质量为管理主线 成果为终极目标--中科院海洋所908专项成果显著

中国科学院海洋研究所（以下简称“中科院海洋所”）作为从事海洋科学基础研究与应用基础研究、高新技术研发的综合性海洋科研机构,承担了多项国家908专项海洋调查研究任务。在项目实施过程中,中科院海洋所始终以一盘棋的思想抓好项目管理工作,以质量为管理主线,在完成项目指标要求的同时,强调综合科研实力,     

ENC数据制作进展与应用现状分析

国际标准电子航海图(ENC)数据生产的规模化和规范化,是促进电子海图显示与信息系统(ECDIS)发展的重要前提。介绍了我国目前ENC数据生产的基本情况及应用领域的现状,分析了存在的问题,并对未来ENC数据的生产及电子海图应用系统ECDIS的发展等提出了相关建议。     

区域义务教育质量监测背景下初中地理核心素养测评框架建构及实施

本文通过实施江苏省义务教育质量监测项目,建构了初中地理核心素养的测评框架,并探索了基于核心素养的关键能力提炼及水平划定的方法。同时在实践研究过程中对核心素养测评的实施提出了若干建议,包括积极开发指向核心素养的测评工具以及形成以核心素养为导向的教学评价反馈系统。     

农户资本禀赋对耕地质量保护行为选择的影响---以江西省为例

根据江西省303户农户实地调研数据,运用熵值法和Probit模型,分析家庭资本禀赋对农户耕地质量保护行为选择偏向的影响。结果表明:土地资本对秸秆还田和耕地深松存在较大约束;存在劳动力资本约束的农户会增加对秸秆还田的采纳,降低农家肥和商品有机肥的使用;经济资本对于耕地深松存在显著的约束作用而对农家肥和商品有机肥无显著影响。从缓解家庭资本禀赋约束和推广耕地质量保护技术两个角度提出相应的政策建议。     

紧盯目标抓进度 千方百计求质量

近年来,我局按照国家、省、市的统一安排部署,高度重视,精心组织,扎实开展了第二次土地调查工作,较好完成了二次土地调查的阶段性任务。完成辖区土地调查面积734．4381平方公里,布设、测量控制点120个,测量权属界址点5000余个,签订权属界线协议书和权属界线核实证明书900余份,共布设E级GPS控制点48个,一级导线点40个,二级导线点138个,图根埋石点154个,实测界址点23268个,测绘I：500地籍图347幅,取得了权属调查相关资料、宗地草图、地籍调查表、控制测量及细部测量相关数据等成果。     

建设用地勘测定界信息化管理与质量控制技术方法研究

建设用地勘测定界工作作为用地审批报件的法律依据是国土资源管理工作中一项重要的技术性工作,它以农用地转用报审和土地征收报审为核心,涉及国民经济建设、国家粮食安全、农民的根本利益,对合理组织土地利用,实施土地用途管制和建设用地总量控制,保护耕地发挥着重要作用。     

土地估价报告质量评审标准解析 ——兼论我省土地估价报告存在的问题

2008年,国土资源部土地利用司、中国土地估价师协会发布了《关于推广土地估价报告质量评审标准的通知》,发布该文件的主要目的是在全行业执行统一的土地估价报告质量评审标准。本文结合我省2008年度土地估价报告质量评审,对该评审标准进行解析,以便于大家理解和执行。     

Micromorphology and quality attributes of the loess derived soils affected by land use change: A case study in Ghapan watershed, Northern Iran

In order to study the effects of different land vegetative covers on soil quality attributes, a loess hill slope was selected in eastern Golestan Province, Ghapan watershed, Iran. Four profiles in four land uses, including Quercus natural forest; Pinus artificial forest; Cupressus artificial forest and a cultivated land, were studied. Results showed that MWD was significantly different in the studied land uses, and it varied between 1.6 mm in Quercus natural forest and o.31 mm in cultivated land use. The lowest CEC, microbial respiration rate and organic carbon were 28.4 cmol·kg^1, 177 μgCO2·g^-1·day^-1 and 1.32 % found in cultivated land use, respectively. The organic matter was considerably higher content in the forest areas than that of cultivated land use. The studies on soil profile development revealed that the natural forest soils were highly developed. The soils of the Quercus natural forest were classified as Calcic Haploxeralfs with a well developed argillie horizon unlike the cultivated soils which showed the minimum development and classified as Typic Xerorthents. The soils of the artificial forests had both mollic epipedons and were classified as Typic Calcixerolls with moderate profile development. Micromorphological studies revealed that argillic horizons had speckled and partly crystallitic b-fabric in the natural forest indicating the high landscape stability. In contrast, the crystallitic b-fabric of other land uses shows the absence of enough leaching of carbonate and the subsequent migration of clay particles indicating the unstable conditions and high soil erosion. Intense erosion of the surface horizons of cultivated land use has resulted in the outcropping of the subsurface carbonate rich horizons preventing soil development.     

Analyses of the long-term salinity variability in the Bohai Sea and the northern Huanghai(Yellow) Sea

Based on the comprehensive collection of the field observed salinity of the Bohai Sea (BHS) and the northern Huanghai Sea (NHS) from the 1950s to the present,the patterns of 10-years-averaged salinity at the different layers in the recent five decades (the 1950s,the 1960s,the 1970s,the 1980s and the 1990s) are obtained by the spatial-temporal interpolation technique with the scrupulous data quality control in this study.Then,by combining the spatial-temporal interpolation technique with successive correction method,the annual distributions of salinity both in the BHS and in the NHS are obtained as well.The data analyses indicate that the overall salinity in the BHS and the NHS increases from the 1960s till the present,with the increase of annual mean salinity of 0.04 psu from the 1950s,and the maximum increase rate of salinity is about 0.14 psu/a in the Bohai Bay.The high salinity tongue extended significantly from the NHS into the BHS.The intensified eastern wind field is related to the western intrusion of the NHS warm current,which probably leads to the moving forward of the high salinity water mass into the BHS.However,it is rather different from the salinity distribution characteristics between the 1950s and the 1960s.The extensive precipitation in the 1960s could lead to an increase in the discharge of the Huanghe River,which might result in the decrease of salinity in the BHS.But the salinity isoline of 32 in the NHS still extended significantly into the BHS in the 1960s.Since the 1980s,the patterns of salinity distribution have changed thoroughly.The salinity in the central area of the BHS was low,while the salinity in the Bohai Bay and the Liaodong Bay was higher than the other regions with its horizontal salinity gradient decreasing in the 1980s.The Empirical Orthogonal Function Analysis (EOF) is also conducted to study the interannual salinity variability of the BHS and the NHS.The correlation coefficient between the time coefficient series of the main mode and the Huanghe River discharge can reach -64.57%.It can be concluded that salinity variation of the BHS and the NHS has strong negative correlation with the Huanghe River discharge.     

Theoretical Analysis of A Buoyant Jet Interacting with Small Amplitude Waves

A new theoretical solution is presented here for the dynamic characteristics of a buoyant jet due to opposing small amplitude waves.The conservation equations of mass,tangential momentum and vertical momentum are solved by the integral method which encompasses the Gaussian profiles of velocity and density.The action of waves is incorporated into the equations of motion as an external force and a new exact solution is obtained to predict the trajectory,velocity distribution and boundary thickness of the buoyant jet over an arbitrary lateral cross section.It is found that the velocity along the centerline is inversely proportional to the ratio of the momentum of the wave to the buoyant jet.The averaged boundary width varies with the fluctuation of the boundary width,the distance from the orifice and the velocity correction function.Owing to the motion d waves,the fluctuation of the boundary width is proportional to the wave steepness.